Appendix:Javanese Swadesh list
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This is a Swadesh list of words in Javanese, compared with definitions in English.
Introduction
[edit]- For further information, including the full final version of the list, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list.
American linguist Morris Swadesh believed that languages changed at measurable rates and that these could be determined even for languages without written precursors. Using vocabulary lists, he sought to understand not only change over time but also the relationships of extant languages. To be able to compare languages from different cultures, he based his lists on meanings he presumed would be available in as many cultures as possible. He then used the fraction of agreeing cognates between any two related languages to compute their divergence time by some (still debated) algorithms. Starting in 1950 with 165 meanings, his list grew to 215 in 1952, which was so expansive that many languages lacked native vocabulary for some terms. Subsequently, it was reduced to 207, and reduced much further to 100 meanings in 1955. A reformulated list was published posthumously in 1971.
Orthography
[edit]The spelling for the Javanese alphabet here refers to Pedoman Umum: Ejaan Bahasa Jawa Huruf Latin yang Disempurnakan (General Guideline: Perfected Javanese Spelling in the Latin Alphabet, 2006).
Since words in Javanese dictionaries are tagged with registers: ngoko for common words, krama for polite words, krama-ngoko for neutral words and krama inggil for honorific words, the tags are kept here as they are. The tags used here is based on Baoesastra Djawa (Javanese Dictionary) by Poerwadarminta (1939). However, other authors may tag some words differently.
Some verbs here are not written in their root forms that can indicate other parts of speech. Instead, they are written in their active voice forms, prefixed with N- (e.g. mriksa, ngguyu, nedha, nyecep), infixed with -um- (e.g. sumerep), or suffixed with -an (e.g. ambekan, dolanan).
List
[edit]| No. | English | Javanese Jawa ꦗꦮ |
Javanese script ꦲꦏ꧀ꦱꦫꦗꦮ |
IPA pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | aku (ngoko) kula (krama) abdi-dalem, adalem (krama inggil) |
ꦲꦏꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦏꦸꦭ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦲꦧ꧀ꦢꦶꦢꦊꦩ꧀, ꦲꦢꦊꦩ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/aku/ /kulɔ/ /abd̪i-d̪aləm/, /ad̪aləm/ |
| 2 | you (singular) | kowé (ngoko) sampéyan, panjenengan (krama) |
ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦪꦤ꧀, ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦔꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/kowe/ /sampejan/, /paɲd͡ʒənəŋan/ |
| 3 | he | dhèwèké (ngoko) piyambakipun (krama) |
ꦝꦺꦮꦺꦏꦺ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦶꦪꦩ꧀ꦧꦏ꧀ꦏꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ɖɛwɛʔe/ /pijambaʔipun/ |
| 4 | we | aku lan kowé kabèh (ngoko) kula kaliyan panjenengan sadaya (krama) |
ꦲꦏꦸꦭꦤ꧀ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺꦏꦧꦺꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦏꦸꦭꦏꦭꦶꦪꦤ꧀ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦔꦤ꧀ꦱꦢꦪ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/aku lan kowe kabɛh/ /kulɔ kalijan paɲd͡ʒənəŋan sad̪ɔjɔ/ |
| 5 | you (plural) | kowé kabèh (ngoko) panjenengan sadaya (krama) |
ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺꦏꦧꦺꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦔꦤ꧀ꦱꦢꦪ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/kowe kabɛh/ /paɲd͡ʒənəŋan sad̪ɔjɔ/ |
| 6 | they | dhèwèké kabèh (ngoko) piyambakipun sadaya (krama) |
ꦝꦺꦮꦺꦏꦺꦏꦧꦺꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦶꦪꦩ꧀ꦧꦏ꧀ꦏꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦱꦢꦪ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ɖɛwɛʔe kabɛh/ /pijambaʔipon sad̪ɔjɔ/ |
| 7 | this | iki (ngoko) punika (krama) |
ꦲꦶꦏꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦸꦤꦶꦏ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/iki/ /punikɔ/ |
| 8 | that | iku, kuwi (ngoko, near) kaé (ngoko, distant) punika (krama) |
ꦲꦶꦏꦸ, ꦏꦸꦮꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ꧈ ꦕꦼꦝꦏ꧀) ꦏꦲꦺ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ꧈ ꦲꦢꦺꦴꦃ) ꦥꦸꦤꦶꦏ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/iku/, /kuwi/ /kae/ /punikɔ/ |
| 9 | here | ing kéné (ngoko) ing riki (krama) |
ꦲꦶꦁꦏꦺꦤꦺ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦶꦁꦫꦶꦏꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/eŋ kene/ /eŋ riki/ |
| 10 | there | ing kono (ngoko, near) ing riku (krama, near) ing kana (ngoko, distant) ing rika (krama, distant) |
ꦲꦶꦁꦏꦺꦴꦤꦺꦴ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ꧈ ꦕꦼꦝꦏ꧀) ꦲꦶꦁꦫꦶꦏꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ꧈ ꦕꦼꦝꦏ꧀) ꦲꦶꦁꦏꦤ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ꧈ ꦲꦢꦺꦴꦃ) ꦲꦶꦁꦫꦶꦏ (ꦏꦿꦩ꧈ ꦲꦢꦺꦴꦃ) |
/eŋ kono/ /eŋ riku/ /eŋ kɔnɔ/ /eŋ rikɔ/ |
| 11 | who | sapa (ngoko) sinten (krama) |
ꦱꦥ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/sɔpɔ/ /sint̪ən/ |
| 12 | what | apa (ngoko) punapa (krama) |
ꦲꦥ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦸꦤꦥ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ɔpɔ/ /punɔpɔ/ |
| 13 | where | ing endi (ngoko) ing pundi (krama) |
ꦲꦶꦁꦲꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦶꦁꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/eŋ ənd̪i/ /eŋ pund̪i/ |
| 14 | when | kapan (ngoko) bénjing punapa (krama) |
ꦏꦥꦤ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦧꦺꦚ꧀ꦗꦁꦥꦸꦤꦥ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/kapan/ /beɲd͡ʒeŋ punɔpɔ/ |
| 15 | how | kapriyé (ngoko) kados pundi (krama) |
ꦏꦥꦿꦶꦪꦺ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦏꦢꦺꦴꦱ꧀ꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/kaprije/ /kad̪os pund̪i/ |
| 16 | not | dudu (ngoko) dédé, sanès (krama) ora (ngoko) boten (krama) |
ꦢꦸꦢꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦢꦺꦢꦺ, ꦱꦤꦺꦱ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦲꦺꦴꦫ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦧꦺꦴꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/d̪ud̪u/ /d̪ed̪e/, /sanɛs/ /ora/ /bot̪ən/ |
| 17 | all | kabèh (ngoko) sadaya (krama) |
ꦏꦧꦺꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦢꦪ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/kabɛh/ /sad̪ɔjɔ/ |
| 18 | many | akèh (ngoko) kathah (krama) |
ꦲꦏꦺꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦏꦛꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/akɛh/ /kaʈah/ |
| 19 | some | sawatara (ngoko) sawatawis (krama) |
ꦱꦮꦠꦫ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦮꦠꦮꦶꦱ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/sawat̪ɔrɔ/ /sawat̪ɔwes/ |
| 20 | few | sathithik (ngoko) sakedhik (krama) |
ꦱꦛꦶꦛꦶꦏ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦏꦼꦝꦶꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/saʈiʈeʔ/ /sakəɖeʔ/ |
| 21 | other | liya (ngoko) sanès (krama) |
ꦭꦶꦪ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦤꦼꦱ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/lijɔ/ /sanɛs/ |
| 22 | one | siji (ngoko) satunggal (krama) |
ꦱꦶꦗꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦠꦸꦁꦒꦭ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/sid͡ʒi/ /sat̪uŋgal/ |
| 23 | two | loro (ngoko) kalih (krama) |
ꦭꦺꦴꦫꦺꦴ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦏꦭꦶꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/loro/ /kaleh/ |
| 24 | three | telu (ngoko) tiga (krama) |
ꦠꦼꦭꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦠꦶꦒ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/t̪əlu/ /t̪igɔ/ |
| 25 | four | papat (ngoko) sakawan (krama) |
ꦥꦥꦠ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦏꦮꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/papat̪/ /sakawan/ |
| 26 | five | lima (ngoko) gangsal (krama) |
ꦭꦶꦩ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦒꦁꦱꦭ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/limɔ/ /gaŋsal/ |
| 27 | big | gedhé (ngoko) ageng (krama) |
ꦒꦼꦝꦺ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦒꦼꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/gəɖe/ /agəŋ/ |
| 28 | long | dawa (ngoko) panjang (krama) |
ꦢꦮ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/d̪ɔwɔ/ /paɲd͡ʒaŋ/ |
| 29 | wide | amba (ngoko) wiyar (krama) |
ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦮꦶꦪꦂ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ɔmbɔ/ /wijar/ |
| 30 | thick | kandel (krama-ngoko) | ꦏꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦭ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /kand̪əl/ |
| 31 | heavy | abot (ngoko) awrat (krama) |
ꦲꦧꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦮꦿꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/abɔt̪/ /awrat̪/ |
| 32 | small | cilik (ngoko) alit (krama) |
ꦕꦶꦭꦶꦏ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦭꦶꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/t͡ʃileʔ/ /alet̪/ |
| 33 | short | cendhèk (ngoko) andhap (krama) |
ꦕꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦏ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/t͡ʃənɖɛʔ/ /anɖap/ |
| 34 | narrow | ciyut (krama-ngoko) | ꦕꦶꦪꦸꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /t͡ʃijot̪/ |
| 35 | thin | tipis (krama-ngoko) | ꦠꦶꦥꦶꦱ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /t̪ipes/ |
| 36 | woman | wadon (ngoko) èstri (krama) putri (krama inggil) |
ꦮꦢꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦺꦱ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦥꦸꦠꦿꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/wad̪ɔn/ /ɛst̪ri/ /put̪ri/ |
| 37 | man (adult male) | lanang (ngoko) jaler (krama) kakung (krama inggil) |
ꦭꦤꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦗꦊꦂ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦏꦏꦸꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/lanaŋ/ /d͡ʒalər/ /kakoŋ/ |
| 38 | man (human being) | wong (ngoko) tiyang (krama) manungsa (krama-ngoko) |
ꦮꦺꦴꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦠꦶꦪꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦩꦤꦸꦁꦱ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) |
/wɔŋ/ /tijaŋ/ /manuŋsɔ/ |
| 39 | child | anak (krama-ngoko) putra (krama inggil) |
ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦸꦠꦿ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/anaʔ/ /put̪rɔ/ |
| 40 | wife | bojo wadon (ngoko) rabi (krama-ngoko) garwa putri (krama inggil) |
ꦧꦺꦴꦗꦺꦴꦮꦢꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦫꦧꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦒꦂꦮꦥꦸꦠꦿꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/bod͡ʒo wad̪ɔn/ /rabi/ /garwɔ put̪ri/ |
| 41 | husband | bojo lanang (ngoko) laki (krama-ngoko) garwa kakung (krama inggil) |
ꦧꦺꦴꦗꦺꦴꦭꦤꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦭꦏꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦒꦂꦮꦏꦏꦸꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/bod͡ʒo lanaŋ/ /laki/ /garwɔ kakoŋ/ |
| 42 | mother | biyung, embok (krama-ngoko) ibu (krama) |
ꦧꦶꦪꦸꦁ, ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦶꦧꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/bijoŋ/, /əmbɔʔ/ /ibu/ |
| 43 | father | bapa, bapak (krama-ngoko) rama (krama inggil) |
ꦧꦥ, ꦧꦥꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦫꦩ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/bɔpɔ/, /bapaʔ/ /rɔmɔ/ |
| 44 | animal | kéwan, sato (krama-ngoko) | ꦏꦼꦮꦤ꧀, ꦱꦠꦺꦴ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /kewan/, /sat̪o/ |
| 45 | fish | iwak (ngoko) ulam (krama) |
ꦲꦶꦮꦏ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦸꦭꦩ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/iwaʔ/ /ulam/ |
| 46 | bird | manuk (ngoko) peksi (krama) |
ꦩꦤꦸꦏ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦼꦏ꧀ꦱꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/manoʔ/ /pəksi/ |
| 47 | dog | asu (ngoko) sagawon (krama) |
ꦲꦱꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦒꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/asu/ /sagawɔn/ |
| 48 | louse | tuma (krama-ngoko) itik (krama inggil) |
ꦠꦸꦩ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦶꦠꦶꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/t̪umɔ/ /it̪eʔ/ |
| 49 | snake | ula (ngoko) sawer (krama) |
ꦲꦸꦭ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦮꦼꦂ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ulɔ/ /sawər/ |
| 50 | worm | cacing (krama-ngoko) | ꦕꦕꦶꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /t͡ʃat͡ʃeŋ/ |
| 51 | tree | wit (krama-ngoko) | ꦮꦶꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /wet̪/ |
| 52 | forest | alas (ngoko) wana (krama) |
ꦲꦭꦱ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦮꦤ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/alas/ /wɔnɔ/ |
| 53 | stick | rèncèk (krama-ngoko) | ꦫꦺꦚ꧀ꦕꦺꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /rɛɲt͡ʃɛʔ/ |
| 54 | fruit | woh (krama-ngoko) | ꦮꦺꦴꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /wɔh/ |
| 55 | seed | wiji (krama-ngoko) | ꦮꦶꦗꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /wid͡ʒi/ |
| 56 | leaf | godhong (ngoko) ron (krama) |
ꦒꦺꦴꦝꦺꦴꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦫꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/gɔɖɔŋ/ /rɔn/ |
| 57 | root | oyod (krama-ngoko) | ꦲꦺꦴꦪꦺꦴꦢ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ɔjɔd̪/ |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | klika (krama-ngoko) | ꦏ꧀ꦭꦶꦏ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /klikɔ/ |
| 59 | flower | kembang (ngoko) sekar (krama) |
ꦏꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦼꦏꦂ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/kəmbaŋ/ /səkar/ |
| 60 | grass | suket (ngoko) rumput (krama) |
ꦱꦸꦏꦼꦠ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦫꦸꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/sukət̪/ /rumpot̪/ |
| 61 | rope | tali (ngoko) tangsul (krama) |
ꦠꦭꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦠꦁꦱꦸꦭ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/t̪ali/ /t̪aŋsol/ |
| 62 | skin | kulit (krama-ngoko) | ꦏꦸꦭꦶꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /kulet̪/ |
| 63 | meat | daging (krama-ngoko) | ꦢꦒꦶꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /d̪ageŋ/ |
| 64 | blood | getih (ngoko) rah (krama) |
ꦒꦼꦠꦶꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦫꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/gət̪eh/ /rah/ |
| 65 | bone | balung (krama-ngoko) tosan (krama inggil) |
ꦧꦭꦸꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦠꦺꦴꦱꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/baloŋ/ /t̪osan/ |
| 66 | fat (noun) | gajih (krama-ngoko) | ꦒꦗꦶꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /gad͡ʒeh/ |
| 67 | egg | endhog (ngoko) tigan (krama) |
ꦲꦺꦝꦺꦴꦒ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦠꦶꦒꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ənɖɔg/ /t̪igan/ |
| 68 | horn | sungu (ngoko) singat (krama) |
ꦱꦸꦔꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦶꦔꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/suŋu/ /siŋat̪/ |
| 69 | tail | buntut (krama-ngoko) | ꦧꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /bunt̪ot̪/ |
| 70 | feather | wulu (krama-ngoko) | ꦮꦸꦭꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /wulu/ |
| 71 | hair | rambut (krama-ngoko) réma (krama inggil) |
ꦫꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦫꦺꦩ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/rambot̪/ /remɔ/ |
| 72 | head | endhas (ngoko) sirah (krama) mustaka (krama inggil) |
ꦲꦺꦤ꧀ꦝꦱ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦶꦫꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦩꦸꦱ꧀ꦠꦏ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/ənɖas/ /sirah/ /must̪ɔkɔ/ |
| 73 | ear | kuping (krama-ngoko) talingan (krama inggil) |
ꦏꦸꦥꦶꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦠꦭꦶꦔꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/kupeŋ/ /t̪aliŋan/ |
| 74 | eye | mata (ngoko) mripat (krama) tingal (krama inggil) |
ꦩꦠ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦩꦿꦶꦥꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦠꦶꦔꦭ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/mɔt̪ɔ/ /mripat̪/ /t̪iŋal/ |
| 75 | nose | irung (krama-ngoko) grana (krama inggil) |
ꦲꦶꦫꦸꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦒꦿꦤ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/iroŋ/ /grɔnɔ/ |
| 76 | mouth | cangkem (krama-ngoko) tutuk (krama inggil) |
ꦕꦁꦏꦼꦩ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦠꦸꦠꦸꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/t͡ʃaŋkəm/ /t̪ut̪oʔ/ |
| 77 | tooth | untu (krama-ngoko) waja (krama inggil) |
ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦮꦗ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/unt̪u/ /wɔd͡ʒɔ/ |
| 78 | tongue (organ) | ilat (krama-ngoko) lidhah (krama inggil) |
ꦲꦶꦭꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦭꦶꦝꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/ilat̪/ /liɖah/ |
| 79 | fingernail | kuku (krama-ngoko) kanaka (krama inggil) |
ꦏꦸꦏꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦏꦤꦏ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/kuku/ /kanɔkɔ/ |
| 80 | foot | sikil (ngoko) suku (krama) sampéyan (krama inggil) |
ꦱꦶꦏꦶꦭ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦸꦏꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦪꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/sikel/ /suku/ /sampejan/ |
| 81 | leg | suthang (krama-ngoko) | ꦱꦸꦛꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /suʈaŋ/ |
| 82 | knee | dhengkul (krama-ngoko) jengku (krama inggil) |
ꦝꦼꦁꦏꦸꦭ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦗꦼꦁꦏꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/ɖəŋkol/ /d͡ʒəŋku/ |
| 83 | hand | tangan (krama-ngoko) asta (krama inggil) |
ꦠꦔꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦱ꧀ꦠ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/t̪aŋan/ /ast̪ɔ/ |
| 84 | wing | suwiwi (krama-ngoko) | ꦱꦸꦮꦶꦮꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /suwiwi/ |
| 85 | belly | weteng (krama-ngoko) padharan (krama inggil) |
ꦮꦼꦠꦼꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦝꦫꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/wət̪əŋ/ /paɖaran/ |
| 86 | guts | usus (krama-ngoko) | ꦲꦸꦱꦸꦱ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /usos/ |
| 87 | neck | gulu (krama-ngoko) jangga (krama inggil) |
ꦒꦸꦭꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦗꦁꦒ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/gulu/ /d͡ʒɔŋgɔ/ |
| 88 | back | geger (krama-ngoko) pengkeran (krama inggil) |
ꦒꦼꦒꦼꦂ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦼꦁꦏꦼꦂꦫꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/gəgər/ /pəŋkəran/ |
| 89 | breast | susu (krama-ngoko) prembayun (krama inggil) |
ꦱꦸꦱꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦽꦩ꧀ꦧꦪꦸꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/susu/ /prəmbajon/ |
| 90 | heart | jantung (krama-ngoko) | ꦗꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /d͡ʒant̪oŋ/ |
| 91 | liver | ati (krama-ngoko) | ꦲꦠꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /at̪i/ |
| 92 | to drink | ngombé (krama-ngoko) ngunjuk (krama inggil) |
ꦔꦺꦴꦩ꧀ꦧꦺ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦔꦸꦚ꧀ꦗꦸꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/ŋombe/ /ŋuɲd͡ʒoʔ/ |
| 93 | to eat | mangan (ngoko) nedha (krama) ndhahar (krama inggil) |
ꦩꦔꦤ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦤꦼꦝ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦤ꧀ꦝꦲꦂ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/maŋan/ /nəɖɔ/ /nɖahar/ |
| 94 | to bite | nyakot (krama-ngoko) | ꦚꦏꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ɲakɔt̪/ |
| 95 | to suck | ngisep, nyerot, nyecep (krama-ngoko) | ꦔꦶꦱꦼꦥ꧀, ꦚꦼꦫꦺꦴꦠ꧀, ꦚꦼꦕꦼꦥ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ŋisəp/, /ɲərɔt̪/, /ɲət͡ʃəp/ |
| 96 | to spit | ngidu (krama-ngoko) ngecoh (krama inggil) |
ꦔꦶꦢꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦔꦼꦕꦺꦴꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/ŋid̪u/ /ŋət͡ʃɔh/ |
| 97 | to vomit | mutah (ngoko) nuntak (krama) ngluntak (krama inggil) |
ꦩꦸꦠꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦤꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦔ꧀ꦭꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/mut̪ah/ /nunt̪aʔ/ /ŋlunt̪aʔ/ |
| 98 | to blow | ndamu (krama-ngoko) | ꦤ꧀ꦢꦩꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /nd̪amu/ |
| 99 | to breathe | ambekan (krama-ngoko) | ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦏꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ambəkan/ |
| 100 | to laugh | ngguyu (ngoko) nggujeng (krama) |
ꦔ꧀ꦒꦸꦪꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦔ꧀ꦒꦸꦗꦼꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ŋguju/ /ŋgud͡ʒəŋ/ |
| 101 | to see | ndeleng (ngoko) ningali (krama) mriksa (krama inggil) |
ꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦊꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦤꦶꦔꦭꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦩꦿꦶꦏ꧀ꦱ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/nd̪ələŋ/ /niŋali/ /mreksɔ/ |
| 102 | to hear | ngrungu (ngoko) mireng (krama) |
ꦔꦿꦸꦔꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦩꦶꦉꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ŋruŋu/ /mirəŋ/ |
| 103 | to know | weruh (ngoko) sumerep (krama) priksa (krama inggil) |
ꦮꦼꦫꦸꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦸꦩꦼꦉꦥ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦥꦿꦶꦏ꧀ꦱ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/wəroh/ /sumərəp/ /preksɔ/ |
| 104 | to think | mikir (ngoko) manah (krama) manggalih, nggalih (krama inggil) |
ꦩꦶꦏꦶꦂ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦩꦤꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦩꦁꦒꦭꦶꦃ, ꦔ꧀ꦒꦭꦶꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/miker/ /manah/ /maŋgaleh/, /ŋgaleh/ |
| 105 | to smell | ngambu (ngoko) ngambet (krama) |
ꦔꦩ꧀ꦧꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦔꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ŋambu/ /ŋambət̪/ |
| 106 | to fear | wedi (ngoko) ajrih (krama) |
ꦮꦼꦢꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦗꦿꦶꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/wəd̪i/ /ad͡ʒreh/ |
| 107 | to sleep | turu (ngoko) tilem (krama) saré (krama inggil) |
ꦠꦸꦫꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦠꦶꦊꦩ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦱꦫꦺ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/t̪uru/ /t̪iləm/ /sare/ |
| 108 | to live | urip (ngoko) gesang (krama) sugeng (krama inggil) |
ꦲꦸꦫꦶꦥ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦒꦼꦱꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦱꦸꦒꦼꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/urep/ /gəsaŋ/ /sugəŋ/ |
| 109 | to die | mati (ngoko) pejah (krama) séda (krama inggil) |
ꦩꦠꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦼꦗꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦱꦺꦢ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/mat̪i/ /pəd͡ʒah/ /sed̪ɔ/ |
| 110 | to kill | matèni (ngoko) mejahi (krama) nyédani (krama inggil) |
ꦩꦠꦺꦤꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦩꦼꦗꦃꦲꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦚꦺꦢꦤꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/mat̪ɛni/ /məd͡ʒahi/ /ɲed̪ani/ |
| 111 | to fight | gelut (krama-ngoko) | ꦒꦼꦭꦸꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /gəlot̪/ |
| 112 | to hunt | mburu (ngoko) mbujeng (krama) |
ꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦫꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦗꦼꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/mburu/ /mbud͡ʒəŋ/ |
| 113 | to hit | nggebug (ngoko) nggebag (krama) |
ꦔ꧀ꦒꦼꦧꦸꦒ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦔ꧀ꦒꦼꦧꦒ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ŋgəbog/ /ŋgəbag/ |
| 114 | to cut | ngethok (krama-ngoko) | ꦔꦼꦛꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ŋəʈɔʔ/ |
| 115 | to split | nyigar (krama-ngoko) | ꦚꦶꦒꦂ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ɲigar/ |
| 116 | to stab | nyuduk (krama-ngoko) | ꦚꦸꦢꦸꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ɲud̪oʔ/ |
| 117 | to scratch | ngukur (krama-ngoko) | ꦔꦸꦏꦸꦂ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ŋukor/ |
| 118 | to dig | ndhudhuk (krama-ngoko) | ꦤ꧀ꦝꦸꦝꦸꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /nɖuɖoʔ/ |
| 119 | to swim | nglangi (krama-ngoko) | ꦔ꧀ꦭꦔꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ŋlaŋi/ |
| 120 | to fly | mabur (krama-ngoko) | ꦩꦧꦸꦂ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /mabor/ |
| 121 | to walk | mlaku (ngoko) mlampah (krama) |
ꦩ꧀ꦭꦏꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦩ꧀ꦭꦩ꧀ꦥꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/mlaku/ /mlampah/ |
| 122 | to come | teka (ngoko) dhateng (krama) rawuh (krama inggil) |
ꦠꦼꦏ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦝꦠꦼꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦫꦮꦸꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/t̪əkɔ/ /ɖat̪əŋ/ /rawoh/ |
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | turon (ngoko) tileman (krama) saréan (krama inggil) |
ꦠꦸꦫꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦠꦶꦊꦩ꧀ꦩꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦱꦫꦺꦪꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/t̪urɔn/ /t̪iləman/ /sarejan/ |
| 124 | to sit | lungguh (ngoko) lenggah (krama) |
ꦭꦸꦁꦒꦸꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦊꦁꦒꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/luŋgoh/ /ləŋgah/ |
| 125 | to stand | ngadeg (krama-ngoko) jumeneng (krama inggil) |
ꦔꦢꦼꦒ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦗꦸꦩꦼꦤꦼꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/ŋad̪əg/ /d͡ʒumənəŋ/ |
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | ménggok (krama-ngoko) | ꦩꦺꦁꦒꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /meŋgɔʔ/ |
| 127 | to fall | tiba (ngoko) dhawah (krama) |
ꦠꦶꦧ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦝꦮꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/t̪ibɔ/ /ɖawah/ |
| 128 | to give | mènèhi (ngoko) nyukani (krama) maringi (krama inggil) |
ꦩꦺꦤꦺꦃꦲꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦚꦸꦏꦤꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦩꦫꦶꦁꦔꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/mɛnɛhi/ /ɲukani/ /mariŋi/ |
| 129 | to hold | nyekel (ngoko) nyepeng (krama) |
ꦚꦼꦏꦼꦭ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦚꦼꦥꦼꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ɲəkəl/ /ɲəpəŋ/ |
| 130 | to squeeze | menet (krama-ngoko) | ꦩꦼꦤꦼꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /mənət̪/ |
| 131 | to rub | nggosok (krama-ngoko) | ꦔ꧀ꦒꦺꦴꦱꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ŋgɔsɔʔ/ |
| 132 | to wash | ngumbah (krama-ngoko) | ꦔꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ŋumbah/ |
| 133 | to wipe | mbusek (krama-ngoko) | ꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦱꦼꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /mbusəʔ/ |
| 134 | to pull | narik (krama-ngoko) | ꦤꦫꦶꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /nareʔ/ |
| 135 | to push | nyurung (krama-ngoko) | ꦚꦸꦫꦸꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ɲuroŋ/ |
| 136 | to throw | nguncal (krama-ngoko) | ꦔꦸꦚ꧀ꦕꦭ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ŋuɲt͡ʃal/ |
| 137 | to tie | nalèni (ngoko) nangsuli (krama) |
ꦤꦭꦺꦤ꧀ꦤꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦤꦁꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦭꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/nalɛni/ /naŋsuli/ |
| 138 | to sew | ndondomi (krama-ngoko) | ꦤ꧀ꦢꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦢꦺꦴꦩ꧀ꦩꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /nd̪ɔnd̪ɔmi/ |
| 139 | to count | ngétung (ngoko) ngétang (krama) |
ꦔꦺꦠꦸꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦔꦺꦠꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ŋet̪oŋ/ /ŋet̪aŋ/ |
| 140 | to say | kandha (ngoko) cariyos (krama) ngandika (krama inggil) |
ꦏꦤ꧀ꦝ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦕꦫꦶꦪꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦔꦤ꧀ꦢꦶꦏ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/kɔnɖɔ/ /t͡ʃarijɔs/ /ŋand̪ikɔ/ |
| 141 | to sing | nembang (ngoko) nyekar (krama) |
ꦤꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦚꦼꦏꦂ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/nəmbaŋ/ /ɲəkar/ |
| 142 | to play | dolanan (krama-ngoko) ameng-amengan (krama) |
ꦢꦺꦴꦭꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦩꦼꦁꦲꦩꦼꦁꦔꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/d̪olanan/ /aməŋ-aməŋan/ |
| 143 | to float | ngambang (krama-ngoko) | ꦔꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ŋambaŋ/ |
| 144 | to flow | mili (krama-ngoko) | ꦩꦶꦭꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /mili/ |
| 145 | to freeze | ngenthel (krama-ngoko) | ꦔꦼꦤ꧀ꦛꦼꦭ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ŋənʈəl/ |
| 146 | to swell | abuh (krama-ngoko) | ꦲꦧꦸꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /aboh/ |
| 147 | sun | srengéngé (krama-ngoko) | ꦱꦽꦔꦺꦔꦺ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /srəŋeŋe/ |
| 148 | moon | rembulan (krama-ngoko) | ꦉꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /rəmbulan/ |
| 149 | star | lintang (krama-ngoko) | ꦭꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /lint̪aŋ/ |
| 150 | water | banyu (ngoko) toya (krama) |
ꦧꦚꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦠꦺꦴꦪ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/baɲu/ /t̪ojɔ/ |
| 151 | rain | udan (ngoko) jawah (krama) |
ꦲꦸꦢꦤ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦗꦮꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ud̪an/ /d͡ʒawah/ |
| 152 | river | kali (ngoko) lèpèn (krama) |
ꦏꦭꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦭꦺꦥꦺꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/kali/ /lɛpɛn/ |
| 153 | lake | tlaga (krama-ngoko) | ꦠ꧀ꦭꦒ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /t̪lɔgɔ/ |
| 154 | sea | sagara (ngoko) saganten (krama) |
ꦱꦒꦫ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦒꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/sagɔrɔ/ /sagant̪ən/ |
| 155 | salt | uyah (ngoko) sarem (krama) |
ꦲꦸꦪꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦉꦩ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ujah/ /sarəm/ |
| 156 | stone | watu (ngoko) séla (krama) |
ꦮꦠꦸ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦺꦭ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/wat̪u/ /selɔ/ |
| 157 | sand | wedhi (krama-ngoko) | ꦮꦼꦝꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /wəɖi/ |
| 158 | dust | lebu (krama-ngoko) | ꦊꦧꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ləbu/ |
| 159 | earth | bumi (krama-ngoko) | ꦧꦸꦩꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /bumi/ |
| 160 | cloud | méga (krama-ngoko) | ꦩꦼꦒ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /megɔ/ |
| 161 | fog | pedhut (krama-ngoko) | ꦥꦼꦝꦸꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /pəɖut̪/ |
| 162 | sky | langit (krama-ngoko) | ꦭꦔꦶꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /laŋit̪/ |
| 163 | wind | angin (krama-ngoko) | ꦲꦔꦶꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /aŋin/ |
| 164 | snow | salju (krama-ngoko) | ꦱꦭ꧀ꦗꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /sald͡ʒu/ |
| 165 | ice | ès (krama-ngoko) | ꦲꦺꦱ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ɛs/ |
| 166 | smoke | kebul (krama-ngoko) | ꦏꦼꦧꦸꦭ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /kəbol/ |
| 167 | fire | geni (ngoko) latu (krama) |
ꦒꦼꦤꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦭꦠꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/gəni/ /lat̪u/ |
| 168 | ash | awu (krama-ngoko) | ꦲꦮꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /awu/ |
| 169 | to burn | ngobong (ngoko) mbesmi (krama) |
ꦔꦺꦴꦧꦺꦴꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦱ꧀ꦩꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ŋɔbɔŋ/ /mbəsmi/ |
| 170 | road | dalan (ngoko) margi (krama) |
ꦢꦭꦤ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦩꦂꦒꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/d̪alan/ /margi/ |
| 171 | mountain | gunung (ngoko) redi (krama) |
ꦒꦸꦤꦸꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦉꦫꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/gunoŋ/ /rəd̪i/ |
| 172 | red | abang (ngoko) abrit (krama) |
ꦲꦧꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦧꦿꦶꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/abaŋ/ /abrit̪/ |
| 173 | green | ijo (ngoko) ijem (krama) |
ꦲꦶꦗꦺꦴ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦶꦗꦼꦩ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/id͡ʒo/ /id͡ʒəm/ |
| 174 | yellow | kuning (ngoko) jené (krama) |
ꦏꦸꦤꦶꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦗꦼꦤꦺ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/kuneŋ/ /d͡ʒəne/ |
| 175 | white | putih (ngoko) pethak (krama) |
ꦥꦸꦠꦶꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦥꦼꦛꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/put̪eh/ /pəʈaʔ/ |
| 176 | black | ireng (ngoko) cemeng (krama) |
ꦲꦶꦉꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦕꦼꦩꦼꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/irəŋ/ /t͡ʃəməŋ/ |
| 177 | night | wengi (ngoko) dalu (krama) |
ꦮꦼꦔꦶ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦢꦭꦸ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/wəŋi/ /d̪alu/ |
| 178 | day | dina (ngoko) dinten (krama) |
ꦢꦶꦤ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦢꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/d̪inɔ/ /d̪int̪ən/ |
| 179 | year | taun (krama-ngoko) | ꦠꦲꦸꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /t̪aon/ |
| 180 | warm | anget (krama-ngoko) | ꦲꦔꦼꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /aŋət̪/ |
| 181 | cold | adhem (ngoko) asrep (krama) |
ꦲꦝꦼꦩ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦱꦽꦥ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/aɖəm/ /asrəp/ |
| 182 | full | kebak (krama-ngoko) | ꦏꦼꦧꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /kəbaʔ/ |
| 183 | new | anyar (ngoko) énggal (krama) |
ꦲꦚꦂ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦺꦁꦒꦭ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/aɲar/ /eŋgal/ |
| 184 | old | tuwa (ngoko) sepuh (krama) lawas (ngoko) lami (krama) |
ꦠꦸꦮ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦼꦥꦸꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦭꦮꦱ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦭꦩꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/t̪uwɔ/ /səpoh/ /lawas/ /lami/ |
| 185 | good | becik (ngoko) saé (krama) |
ꦧꦼꦕꦶꦏ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦱꦲꦺ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/bət͡ʃeʔ/ /sae/ |
| 186 | bad | ala (ngoko) awon (krama) |
ꦲꦭ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ɔlɔ/ /awɔn/ |
| 187 | rotten | bosok (krama-ngoko) | ꦧꦺꦴꦱꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /bɔsɔʔ/ |
| 188 | dirty | reged (krama-ngoko) | ꦉꦒꦼꦢ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /rəgəd̪/ |
| 189 | straight | lempeng, lenceng (krama-ngoko) | ꦊꦩ꧀ꦥꦼꦁ, ꦊꦚ꧀ꦕꦼꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /ləmpəŋ/, /ləɲt͡ʃəŋ/ |
| 190 | round | bunder (krama-ngoko) | ꦧꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦂ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /bund̪ər/ |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | landhep (krama-ngoko) | ꦭꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦥ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /lanɖəp/ |
| 192 | dull (as a knife) | kethul (krama-ngoko) | ꦏꦼꦛꦸꦭ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /kəʈol/ |
| 193 | smooth | alus (krama-ngoko) | ꦲꦭꦸꦱ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /alos/ |
| 194 | wet | teles (krama-ngoko) | ꦠꦼꦊꦱ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /t̪ələs/ |
| 195 | dry | garing (krama-ngoko) | ꦒꦫꦶꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /gareŋ/ |
| 196 | correct | bener (ngoko) leres (krama) |
ꦧꦼꦤꦼꦂ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦊꦉꦱ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/bənər/ /lərəs/ |
| 197 | near | cedhak (ngoko) celak (krama) |
ꦕꦼꦝꦏ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦕꦼꦭꦏ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/t͡ʃəɖaʔ/ /t͡ʃəlaʔ/ |
| 198 | far | adoh (ngoko) tebih (krama) |
ꦲꦢꦺꦴꦃ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦠꦼꦧꦶꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/ad̪ɔh/ /t̪əbeh/ |
| 199 | right | tengen (krama-ngoko) | ꦠꦼꦔꦼꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /t̪əŋən/ |
| 200 | left | kiwa (krama-ngoko) | ꦏꦶꦮ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /kiwɔ/ |
| 201 | at | ing (krama-ngoko) | ꦲꦶꦁ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) | /eŋ/ |
| 202 | in | ing jero (ngoko) ing lebet (krama) |
ꦲꦶꦁꦗꦼꦫꦺꦴ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦶꦁꦊꦧꦼꦠ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/eŋ d͡ʒəro/ /eŋ ləbət̪/ |
| 203 | with | karo (ngoko) kalih (krama) |
ꦏꦫꦺꦴ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦏꦭꦶꦃ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/karo/ /kaleh/ |
| 204 | and | lan (ngoko) kaliyan (krama) |
ꦭꦤ꧀ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦏꦭꦶꦪꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/lan/ /kalijan/ |
| 205 | if | manawa (ngoko) manawi (krama) yèn (krama-ngoko) |
ꦩꦤꦮ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦩꦤꦮꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦪꦺꦤ꧀ (ꦏꦿꦩ-ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) |
/manɔwɔ/ /manawi/ /jɛn/ |
| 206 | because | amarga (ngoko) amargi (krama) |
ꦲꦩꦂꦒ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦲꦩꦂꦒꦶ (ꦏꦿꦩ) |
/amargɔ/ /amargi/ |
| 207 | name | aran, jeneng (ngoko) nama (krama) asma (krama inggil) |
ꦲꦫꦤ꧀, ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦁ (ꦔꦺꦴꦏꦺꦴ) ꦤꦩ (ꦏꦿꦩ) ꦲꦱ꧀ꦩ (ꦏꦿꦩꦲꦶꦁꦒꦶꦭ꧀) |
/aran/, /d͡ʒənəŋ/ /nɔmɔ/ /asmɔ/ |
References
[edit]- Pedoman Umum: Ejaan Bahasa Jawa Huruf Latin yang Disempurnakan (in Indonesian), Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius, 2006, →ISBN
- Poerwadarminta, W. J. S. (1939) Baoesastra Djawa, Batavia: J. B. Wolters' Uitgevers-Maatschappij N. V. Groningen