Appendix:Egyptian Arabic Swadesh list
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See Appendix:Arabic Swadesh list This is a Swadesh list of words in Egyptian Arabic, compared with definitions in English.
Introduction
[edit]This is a Swadesh list of 207 words in English and w:Egyptian Arabic. The Swadesh word list, developed by the linguist w:Morris Swadesh, is used as a tool to study the evolution of languages. It contains a set of basic words which can be found in every language. Various versions have been created, in particular:
- a complete 207 words version, in which some of the words are not found in every environment (it contains for instance snake and snow)
- a reduced 100 words version.
This word list should not be considered as an elementary lexicon to communicate with speakers of a given language; for such a purpose, the numerous existing Wikivoyage lexicons are more useful. Its only objective is to give a rough idea of the language, by showing its lexical and, when possible, phonetics basis.
List
[edit]| No. | English | Egyptian Arabic مصرى, /ˈmɑsri, ˈmɑsˤri/ |
IPA pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | انا | /ˈænæ/ |
| 2 | you (singular) | انت, انتى | /ˈentæ/ (m), /ˈenti/ (f) |
| 3 | he | هو | /ˈhowwæ/ |
| 4 | we | احنا | /ˈeħnæ/ |
| 5 | you (plural) | انتو | /ˈento/ |
| 6 | they | هما | /ˈhommæ/ |
| 7 | this | ده ,دى, دول | /dæ/ (m), /di/ (f) /doːl/ (pl) (these/those) |
| 8 | that | دوّت, ديّت, دولات | /ˈdæwwat/ (m), /ˈdejjat/ (f) /doːlæt/ (pl) (these/those) |
| 9 | here | هنا, اهو | /ˈhenæ/, /æˈho/ |
| 10 | there | هناك | /heˈnæːk/ |
| 11 | who | مين | /miːn/ |
| 12 | what | ايه | /ʔeːh/ |
| 13 | where | فين | /feːn/ |
| 14 | when | امتى | /ˈemtæ/ |
| 15 | how | ازاى | /ezˈzæːj/ |
| 16 | not | مش | /meʃ/, /moʃ/ |
| 17 | all | كل | /koll/ |
| 18 | many | كتير | /keˈtiːr/ |
| 19 | some | شوية | /ʃoˈwæjjæ, ʃeˈwæjjæ/ |
| 20 | few | قليّل | /ʔoˈlæjjel/ |
| 21 | other | تانى | /ˈtæːni/ |
| 22 | one | واحد, واحدة | /ˈwæːħed/ (m), /ˈwæħdæ/ (f) |
| 23 | two | اتنين | /etˈneːn/ |
| 24 | three | تلاتة | /tæˈlæːtæ/ |
| 25 | four | اربعة | /ɑrˈbɑʕɑ/ |
| 26 | five | خمسة | /ˈxæmsæ/ |
| 27 | big | كبير | /keˈbiːr/ |
| 28 | long | طويل | /tˤoˈwiːl, te-/ |
| 29 | wide | واسع | /ˈwæːseʕ/ |
| 30 | thick | تخين | /teˈxiːn/ |
| 31 | heavy | تقيل | /teˈʔiːl/ |
| 32 | small | صغيّر | /soˈɣɑjjɑr, soˈɣɑnnan/ |
| 33 | short | قصيّر | /ʔoˈsˤɑjjɑr/ |
| 34 | narrow | ضيق | /ˈdæjjæʔ/ |
| 35 | thin | رفيّع | /roˈfɑjjɑʕ/ |
| 36 | woman | ست | /sett/ |
| 37 | man (male) | راجل | /ˈrɑːɡel/ |
| 38 | man (human) | انسان, بنى ادم | /enˈsæːn/, /ˈbæni ˈʔæːdæm/ |
| 39 | child | عيل | /ˈʕæjjel/ |
| 40 | wife | مراة | /meˈrɑːt-/ |
| 41 | husband | جوز | /ɡoːz/ |
| 42 | mother | أم | /ʔomm/ |
| 43 | father | اب, ابو | /ʔɑbb/, /ʔæbo-/ |
| 44 | animal | حيوان | /ħæjæˈwæːn/ |
| 45 | fish | سمكة | /ˈsæmækæ/ |
| 46 | bird | طير, عصفورة | /tˤeːr/, /teːr/; /ʕɑsˤˈfuːrɑ/ |
| 47 | dog | كلب | /kælb/ |
| 48 | louse | قملة | /ˈʔæmlæ/ |
| 49 | snake | تعبان, حنش | /teʕˈbæːn/, /ˈħænæʃ/ |
| 50 | worm | دودة | /ˈduːdæ/ |
| 51 | tree | شجرة | /ˈʃɑɡɑrɑ/ |
| 52 | forest | غابة | /ˈɣæːbæ/ |
| 53 | stick | عصاية | /ʕɑˈsˤɑːjɑ/ |
| 54 | fruit | فاكهة | /ˈfæk.ha/ |
| 55 | seed | حباية, بذرة, تقاوى | /ħæbˈbæːjæ/, /ˈbezræ/, /tæˈʔæːwi/ |
| 56 | leaf | ورقة | /ˈwæræʔæ/ |
| 57 | root | جدر | /ɡedr/ |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | جدع | /ɡedʕ/ |
| 59 | flower | وردة | /ˈwærdæ/ |
| 60 | grass | نجيلة, حشيش | /neɡiːlæ/, /ħæˈʃiːʃ/ |
| 61 | rope | حبل | /ħæbl/ |
| 62 | skin | جلد | /ɡeld/ |
| 63 | meat | لحمة | /ˈlæħmæ/ |
| 64 | blood | دم | /dæmm/ |
| 65 | bone | عضم | /ʕɑdm/ |
| 66 | fat (noun) | دهن | /dehn/ |
| 67 | egg | بيضة | /ˈbeːdɑ/ |
| 68 | horn | قرن | /ʔɑrn/ |
| 69 | tail | ديل | /deːl/ |
| 70 | feather | ريشة | /ˈriːʃæ/ |
| 71 | hair | شعر | /ʃɑʕr/ |
| 72 | head | راس, دماغ | /rɑːs/, /deˈmæːɣ/ |
| 73 | ear | ودن | /wedn/ |
| 74 | eye | عين | /ʕeːn/ |
| 75 | nose | مناخير | /mænæˈxiːr/ |
| 76 | mouth | بق, حنك | /boʔʔ/, /ħæˈnæk/ |
| 77 | tooth | سنة | /ˈsennæ/ |
| 78 | tongue | لسان | /leˈsæːn/ |
| 79 | fingernail | ضافر, ضفر | /ˈdɑːfer/, /dofr/ |
| 80 | foot | رجل | /reɡl/ |
| 81 | leg | رجل | /reɡl/ |
| 82 | knee | ركبة | /ˈrokbæ/ |
| 83 | hand | ايد | /ʔiːd/ |
| 84 | wing | جناح | /ɡeˈnæːħ/ |
| 85 | belly | بطن | /bɑtˤn/ |
| 86 | guts | مصرين | /mɑsˤɑriːn/ |
| 87 | neck | رقبة | /ˈræʔæbæ/ |
| 88 | back | ضهر | /dɑhr/ |
| 89 | breast | صدر, بز | /sedr/, /bezz/ |
| 90 | heart | قلب | /ʔælb/ |
| 91 | liver | كبد | /kebd/ |
| 92 | to drink | شرب, يشرب | /ˈʃereb/, /ˈjeʃrɑb/ |
| 93 | to eat | كل, اكل, ياكل | /kæl/, /ʔækæl/, /ˈjæːkol/ |
| 94 | to bite | عض, يعض | /ʕɑdd/, /jeˈʕodd/ |
| 95 | to suck | مص, يمص | /mɑsˤs/, /jeˈmoss/ |
| 96 | to spit | تف, يتف | /tæff/, /jeˈteff/ |
| 97 | to vomit | رجّع, يرجّع, طرش, يطرش | /ˈræɡɡæʕ/, /jeˈræɡɡæʕ/, /ˈtˤɑrɑʃ/, /ˈjetˤroʃ/ |
| 98 | to blow | نفخ, ينفخ | /ˈnæfæx/, /ˈjenfox/ |
| 99 | to breathe | اتنفس, يتنفس | /etˈnæffes/, /jetˈnæffes/ |
| 100 | to laugh | ضحك, يضحك | /ˈdeħek/, /ˈjedħæk/ |
| 101 | to see | شاف, يشوف | /ʃæːf/, /jeˈʃuːf/ |
| 102 | to hear | سمع, يسمع | /ˈsemeʕ/, /ˈjesmæʕ/ |
| 103 | to know | عرف, يعرف | /ˈʕeref/, /ˈjeʕrɑf/ |
| 104 | to think | فكّر, يفكّر, افتكر, يفتكر | /ˈfɑkkɑr/, /jeˈfɑkkɑr/, /efˈtɑkɑr/, /jefˈtikir/ |
| 105 | to smell | شم, يشم | /ʃamm/, /jeˈʃemm/ |
| 106 | to fear | خاف, يخاف | /xæːf/, /jeˈxæːf/ |
| 107 | to sleep | نام, ينام | /næːm/, /jeˈnæːm/ |
| 108 | to live | عاش, يعيش | /ʕæːʃ/, /jeˈʕiːʃ / |
| 109 | to die | مات, يموت | /mæːt/, /jeˈmuːt/ |
| 110 | to kill | موّت, يموّت, قتل, يقتل | /ˈmæwwet/, /jeˈmæwwet/, /ˈʔætæl/, /ˈjeʔtel/ |
| 111 | to fight | اتخانق, يتخانق | /etˈxæːneʔ/, /jetˈxæːneʔ/, /etˈʕærek/, /jetˈʕærek/ |
| 112 | to hunt | اصطاد, يصطاد | /esˈtˤɑːd/, /jesˈtˤɑːd/ |
| 113 | to hit | ضرب, يضرب | /ˈdɑrɑb/, /ˈjedrɑb/ |
| 114 | to cut | قطع, يقطع | /ˈʔɑtˤɑʕ/, /ˈjeʔtˤɑʕ/ |
| 115 | to split | شق, يشق | /ʃæʔʔ/, /jeˈʃoʔʔ/ |
| 116 | to stab | طعن, يطعن | /ˈtˤɑʕɑn/; /ˈjetˤʕɑn, ˈjetʕɑn/ |
| 117 | to scratch | خربش, يخربش | /ˈxærbeʃ/, /jeˈxærbeʃ/ |
| 118 | to dig | حفر, يحفر | /ˈħɑfɑr/, /ˈjeħfor/ |
| 119 | to swim | عام, يعوم | /ʕæːm/, /jeˈʕuːm/ |
| 120 | to fly | طار, يطير | /tˤɑːr/; /jeˈtˤiːr, jeˈtiːr/ |
| 121 | to walk | مشى, يمشى | /ˈmeʃi/, /ˈjemʃi/ |
| 122 | to come | جه, جا, ييجى | /ɡe/, /ɡæ/; /ˈjiːɡi/ |
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | نام, ينام | /næːm/, /jeˈnæːm/ |
| 124 | to sit | قعد, يعد, يقعد | /ˈʔæʕæd/; /ˈjoʕod, ˈje-/; /ˈjoʔʕod, ˈje-/ |
| 125 | to stand | وقف, يقف | /ˈweʔef/; /ˈjoʔɑf, ˈjoʔæf/ |
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | لف, يلف | /læff/, /jeˈleff/ |
| 127 | to fall | وقع, يقع | /ˈweʔeʕ/; /ˈjoʔɑʕ, ˈjoʔæʕ/ |
| 128 | to give | ادا, يدى | /ˈeddæ/, /ˈjeddi/ |
| 129 | to hold | مسك, يمسك | /ˈmesek/, /ˈjemsek/ |
| 130 | to squeeze | عصر, يعصر | /ˈʕɑsˤɑr/, /ˈjeʕsor/ |
| 131 | to rub | دعك, يدعك | /ˈdæʕæk/, /jedʕæk/ |
| 132 | to wash | غسل, يغسل | /ˈɣæsæl/, /ˈjeɣsel/ |
| 133 | to wipe | مسح, يمسح | /ˈmæsæħ/, /ˈjemsæħ/ |
| 134 | to pull | شد, يشد | /ʃædd/, /jeˈʃedd/ |
| 135 | to push | زق, يزق | /zæʔʔ/, /jeˈzoʔʔ/ |
| 136 | to throw | رمى, يرمى | /ˈræmæ/, /ˈjermi/ |
| 137 | to tie | ربط, يربط | /ˈrɑbɑtˤ/; /ˈjerbotˤ, ˈjerbot/ |
| 138 | to sew | خيّط, يخيّط | /ˈxɑjjɑtˤ/, /jeˈxɑjjɑtˤ/ |
| 139 | to count | عد, يعد | /ʕædd/, /jeˈʕedd/ |
| 140 | to say | قال, يقول | /ʔæːl/, /jeˈʔuːl/ |
| 141 | to sing | غنّا, يغنّى | /ˈɣænna/, /jeˈɣænni/ |
| 142 | to play | لعب, يلعب | /ˈleʕeb/, /ˈjelʕæb/ |
| 143 | to float | عام, يعوم | /ʕæːm/, /jeˈʕuːm/ |
| 144 | to flow | جرى, يجرى | /ˈɡeri/, /ˈjeɡri/ |
| 145 | to freeze | تلّج, يتلّج, جمّد, يجمّد | /ˈtælleɡ/, /jeˈtælleɡ/, /ˈɡæmmed/, /jeˈɡæmmed/ |
| 146 | to swell | ورم, يورم | /ˈwerem/, /ˈjewrɑm/ |
| 147 | sun | شمس | /ʃæms/ |
| 148 | moon | قمر | /ˈʔɑmɑr/ |
| 149 | star | نجمة | /ˈneɡmæ/ |
| 150 | water | مية | /ˈmɑjjɑ/ |
| 151 | rain | مطرة, مطر | /ˈmɑtˤɑrɑ/, /ˈmɑtˤɑr/ |
| 152 | river | بحر, نهر | /bɑħr/, /nɑhr/ |
| 153 | lake | بحيرة, بركة | /boˈħeːræ/, /ˈberkæ/ |
| 154 | sea | بحر | /bɑħr/ |
| 155 | salt | ملح | /mælħ/ |
| 156 | stone | حجر, حجرة, طوبة | /ˈħɑɡɑr/; /ˈħɑɡɑrɑ/; /ˈtˤuːbɑ, ˈtuːbɑ/ |
| 157 | sand | رملة, رمل | /ˈrɑmlɑ, rɑml/ |
| 158 | dust | تراب | /toˈrɑːb/ |
| 159 | earth | ارض | /ʔɑrd/ |
| 160 | cloud | سحابة, غيمة | /seˈħæːbæ/, /ˈɣeːmæ/ |
| 161 | fog | شبورة, ضباب | /ʃɑbˈbuːrɑ/, /dɑˈbɑːb/ |
| 162 | sky | سما | /ˈsæmæ/ |
| 163 | wind | هوا | /ˈhæwæ/ |
| 164 | snow | تلج | /tælɡ/ |
| 165 | ice | تلج | /tælɡ/ |
| 166 | smoke | دخان | /doxˈxæːn/ |
| 167 | fire | نار | /nɑːr/ |
| 168 | ash | رماد | /rɑmɑːd/ |
| 169 | to burn | حرق, يحرق | /ˈħæræʔ/, /ˈjeħræʔ/ |
| 170 | road | طريق, سكة | /tˤɑˈriːʔ/, /ˈsekka/ |
| 171 | mountain | جبل | /ˈɡæbæl/ |
| 172 | red | احمر | /ˈʔɑħmɑr/ |
| 173 | green | اخضر | /ˈɑxdɑr/ |
| 174 | yellow | اصفر | /ˈɑsˤfɑr, ˈɑsˤfɑr/ |
| 175 | white | ابيض | /ˈɑbjɑd/ |
| 176 | black | اسود | /ˈeswed/ |
| 177 | night | ليلة | /ˈleːlæ/ |
| 178 | day | يوم, نهار | /joːm/, /nɑˈhɑːr/ |
| 179 | year | سنة | /ˈsænæ/ |
| 180 | warm | دافى | /ˈdæːfi/ |
| 181 | cold | برد, سقعان, ساقع | /bærd/, /sæʔˈʕæːn/, /ˈsæːʔeʕ/ |
| 182 | full | مليان | /mælˈjæːn/ |
| 183 | new | جديد | /ɡeˈdiːd/ |
| 184 | old | قديم | /ʔæˈdiːm/ |
| 185 | good | كويس, طيب | /koˈwæjjes/, /tˤɑjjeb / |
| 186 | bad | وحش | /ˈweħeʃ/ |
| 187 | rotten | معفن | /meˈʕæffen/ |
| 188 | dirty | وسخ | /ˈwesex/ |
| 189 | straight | عدل | /ˈʕedel/ |
| 190 | round | مدور | /meˈdɑwwɑr/ |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | حامى | /ˈħæːmi/ |
| 192 | dull (as a knife) | تلم | /ˈtelem/ |
| 193 | smooth | ناعم | /ˈnæːʕem/ |
| 194 | wet | مبلول | /mæbˈluːl/ |
| 195 | dry | ناشف | /ˈnæːʃef/ |
| 196 | correct | صح | /sɑħħ, sˤɑħħ/ |
| 197 | near | قريّب | /ʔoˈræjjeb, ʔoˈrɑjjeb/ |
| 198 | far | بعيد | /beˈʕiːd/ |
| 199 | right | يمين | /jeˈmiːn/ |
| 200 | left | شمال | /ʃeˈmæːl/ |
| 201 | at | عند | /ʕænd/ |
| 202 | in | فى | /fe-/ |
| 203 | with | مع, ب | /ˈmæʕæ/, /be-/ |
| 204 | and | و | /w(e)-/ |
| 205 | if | لو, اذا, ان | /læw/, /ˈezæ/, /ʔen/ |
| 206 | because | عشان, علشان | /ʕæˈʃæːn/, /ʕælæˈʃæːn/ |
| 207 | name | اسم | /ʔesm/ |
References
[edit]- Martin Hinds, El-Said Badawi: 1987, A Dictionary of Egyptian Arabic, puiblished by the French & European Pubns, →ISBN.