rust
English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English rust, rost, roust, from Old English rust, rūst (“rust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rudʰso- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).
Cognate with Scots roust (“rust”), Saterland Frisian rust (“rust”), West Frisian roast (“rust”), Dutch roest (“rust”), German Rost (“rust”), Danish rust (“rust”), Swedish rost (“rust”), Norwegian rust, ryst (“rust”), Finnish ruoste, Estonian rooste. Related to red.
Noun
[edit]rust (countable and uncountable, plural rusts)
- The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation.
- The rust on my bicycle chain made cycling to work very dangerous.
- A similar substance based on another metal.
- copper rust
- A reddish-brown color.
- rust:
- A disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus.
- (philately) Damage caused to stamps and album pages by a fungal infection.
Derived terms
[edit]- anti-rust
- black rust
- cedar-apple rust
- coffee leaf rust
- coffee rust
- [[front-runner-itis
runs: rust: myrtle rust#English|front-runner-itis runs:
rust: myrtle rust]] - gooseberry rust
- mayapple rust
- myrtle rust
- nab the rust
- Rust
- Rust Belt
- rust belt
- rust-belt
- rust bucket
- rust-bucket
- rustbucket, bucket of rust
- rust fungus
- rust joint
- rust mitebank-run drug-runner
- rustproof
- rust through
- rusty
- soybean rust
- spinning rust
- stem rust
- wheat rust
- white pine blister rust
- white rust
Translations
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Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle English rusten, from the noun (see above).
Verb
[edit]rust (third-person singular simple present rusts, present participle rusting, simple past and past participle rusted)
- (intransitive) To oxidize, especially of iron or steel.
- The patio furniture had rusted in the wind-driven spray.
- 1946, International Council of Religious Education, The New Covenant, Commonly Called the New Testament of Our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ: Revised Standard Version, James 5:3, page 490
- Your gold and silver have rusted, and their rust will be evidence against you and will eat your flesh like fire.
- (transitive) To cause to oxidize.
- The wind-driven spray had thoroughly rusted the patio furniture.
- (intransitive) To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust.
- 1902 January 3, “Mapstone Oats: Further Experiences”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record[1], volume 4, number 22, page 688:
- I am sorry to say that, contrary to the majority, I have to report that the forage rusted rather badly.
- (transitive, intransitive, figuratively) To (cause to) degenerate in idleness; to make or become dull or impaired by inaction.
- 1692, John Dryden, Cleomenes, the Spartan Hero, a Tragedy:
- Must I rust in Egypt? never more / Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece?
- (intransitive) Of a black cat or its fur, to turn rust-coloured following long periods of exposure to sunlight.
- It's very common for black cats to rust during the summer.
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Translations
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See also
[edit]References
[edit]- “rust”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
Anagrams
[edit]Danish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Swedish rost (“rust”), from Old Norse *rustr, possibly borrowed from Old Saxon rost, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rustaz.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rust c (singular definite rusten, not used in plural form)
Verb
[edit]rust
- imperative of ruste
Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Dutch ruste, from Old Dutch *rusta, from Proto-Germanic *rustijō. Cognate with German Low German Rüst (“rest”), German Rüste (“end, sunset”).
Noun
[edit]rust f (plural rusten)
- rest, calm, peace
- Waarom laat je me niet met rust?
- Why don't you leave me alone?
- (literally, “Why don't you leave me at rest?”)
- (sports) half-time
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]rust
- inflection of rusten:
Further reading
[edit]- “rust” in Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling, Nederlandse Taalunie. [the official spelling word list for the Dutch language]
Middle English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old English rust, rūst, from Proto-West Germanic *rust, *rost, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rust (uncountable)
- rust (oxidisation of iron or steel)
- (figurative) Moral degeneration.
- (horticulture) A fungal disease of plants.
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “rū̆st, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]rust
- Alternative form of rusten
Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Noun
[edit]rust m or f (definite singular rusta or rusten) (uncountable)
Derived terms
[edit]Verb
[edit]rust
- imperative of ruste
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *rustaz.
Alternative forms
[edit]- røst (Trøndelag dialect)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rust f (definite singular rusta) (uncountable)
Verb
[edit]rust
- imperative of rusta
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]rust
- past participle of rusa
References
[edit]- “rust” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rudʰso- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rust m
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- English: rust
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ʌst
- Rhymes:English/ʌst/1 syllable
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rewdʰ-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with collocations
- en:Philately
- English verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with quotations
- en:Iron
- en:Browns
- en:Reds
- en:Fungi
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Danish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rewdʰ-
- Danish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish terms derived from Old Saxon
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- Danish non-lemma forms
- Danish verb forms
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ʏst
- Rhymes:Dutch/ʏst/1 syllable
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch feminine nouns
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- nl:Sports
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch verb forms
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle English uncountable nouns
- enm:Horticulture
- Middle English verbs
- enm:Fungi
- enm:Metallurgy
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rewdʰ-
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål feminine nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns with multiple genders
- Norwegian Bokmål uncountable nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål verb forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rewdʰ-
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk feminine nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk uncountable nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk verb forms
- Norwegian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rewdʰ-
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English lemmas
- Old English nouns
- Old English masculine nouns
- ang:Iron