Mafarki

mafarki
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	mental process (en) da biological phenomenon (en)
Facet of (en)	Bacci
Karatun ta	oneirology (en) da Cognitive neuroscience of dreams (en)
Subject has role (en)	memory consolidation (en)

Mafarki shine jerin hotuna, ra'ayoyi, motsin zuciya, da kuma abubuwan da ke faruwa ba da gangan ba a cikin tunani yayin wasu matakan barci. Mutane suna shafe kimanin sa'o'i biyu suna yin mafarki a kowane dare, kuma kowane mafarki yana ɗaukar kusan mintuna 5 zuwa ishirin 20, kodayake mai mafarkin na iya ganin mafarkin ya fi wannan tsayi.

Abubuwan da ke cikin mafarkai da aikin mafarkai sun kasance batutuwan kimiyya, falsafa da sha'awar addini cikin tarihin da aka rubuta. Fassarar mafarki, waɗanda Babila suka yi a cikin ƙarni na uku KZ har ma a baya ta tsohuwar Sumerians, ƙididdiga masu mahimmanci a cikin rubutun addini a cikin labarai da yawa, kuma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ilimin halin dan Adam. ^{[1] [2]} Nazarin kimiyya na mafarki ana kiransa oneirology. ^[3] Yawancin nazarin mafarki na zamani yana mai da hankali kan ilimin neurophysiology na mafarki da kuma kan ba da shawara, gwada hasashen game da aikin mafarki. Ba a san inda mafarkin kwakwalwa ya samo asali ba.Idan akwai asali guda daya don mafarki ko kuma yankuna da yawa na kwakwalwa suna da hannu, ko menene manufar mafarkin ga jiki ko tunani.

Kwarewar mafarkin ɗan adam da abin da za a yi da shi sun sami sauye-sauye masu yawa a tsawon tarihin tarihi. ^[4] Tun da dadewa, bisa ga rubuce-rubucen daga Mesopotamiya da tsohuwar Masar, mafarkai sun nuna halayen bayan mafarki har zuwa ƙarshen shekaru millennia. Waɗannan tsoffin rubuce-rubucen game da mafarkai suna haskaka mafarkin ziyara, inda wani mutum mai mafarkin, yawanci abin allahntaka ko manyan magabata, ya umurci mai mafarkin ya ɗauki takamaiman ayyuka kuma yana iya faɗin abubuwan da za su faru a nan gaba. ^{[5] [6]} Ƙirƙirar ƙwarewar mafarki ya bambanta a cikin al'adu har ma da lokaci.

Mafarki da barci suna haɗuwa. Mafarki na faruwa ne musamman a matakin motsin ido (REM) na barci lokacin da aikin kwakwalwa ya yi yawa kuma yayi kama da na farke. Domin ana iya gano barcin REM a cikin nau'o'i da yawa, kuma saboda bincike ya nuna cewa duk dabbobi masu shayarwa suna samun REM, ^[7] haɗa mafarki da barci na REM ya haifar da zato cewa dabbobi suna mafarki. Duk da haka, mutane suna yin mafarki yayin barcin da ba REM ba, kuma ba duk farkawa na REM ba ne ke haifar da rahotannin mafarki. ^[8] Don yin nazari, dole ne a fara mayar da mafarki zuwa rahoto na magana, wanda shine lissafin abin tunawa da mafarkin, ba mafarkin abin da ya faru ba. Don haka, mafarkin wanda ba ɗan adam ba a halin yanzu ba shi da tabbas, kamar yadda mafarkin 'yan tayin ɗan adam da jariran da ba a taɓa magana ba.

1. ↑ Empty citation (help)"Dream". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. 2000. Retrieved 7 May 2009.
2. ↑ "Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep". National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. 2006. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 16 December 2007.Empty citation (help)
3. ↑ Lee Ann Obringer (2006). How Dream Works. Archived from the original on 18 April 2006. Retrieved 4 May 2006.Empty citation (help)
4. ↑ Krippner, Stanley; Bogzaran, Fariba; Carvalho, Andre Percia de (2002). Extraordinary Dreams and How To Work with Them. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. p. 9. ISBN 0-7914-5257-3. Clay tablets have been found, dating to about 2500 B.C.E., that contain interpretive material for Babylonian and Assyrian dreamers.Empty citation (help)
5. ↑ Seligman, K (1948). Magic, Supernaturalism and Religion. New York: Random House.Empty citation (help)
6. ↑ Dodds (1951), referring to the type of dream described by Macrobius: "This last type is not, I think, at all common in our own dream-experience. But there is considerable evidence that dreams of this sort were familiar in antiquity." (p. 107).
7. ↑ Freud, Sigmund (1965). James Strachey (ed.). The Interpretation of Dreams. Translated by James Strachey. New York: Avon.Empty citation (help)
8. ↑ Kavanau, J.L. (2000). "Sleep, memory maintenance, and mental disorders". Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 12 (2): 199–208. doi:10.1176/jnp.12.2.199. PMID 11001598.Empty citation (help)