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Wiktionary

trucar

Catalan

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Etymology

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Inherited from Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre.[1]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truquí, past participle trucat)

  1. to hit
    Synonym: tustar
  2. to knock, to ring (at the door)
  3. to call, to ring on the telephone

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of trucar (first conjugation, c-qu alternation)
infinitive trucar
gerund trucant
past participle masculine feminine
singular trucat trucada
plural trucats trucades
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present truco truques truca truquem truqueu truquen
imperfect trucava trucaves trucava trucàvem trucàveu trucaven
future trucaré trucaràs trucarà trucarem trucareu trucaran
preterite truquí trucares trucà trucàrem trucàreu trucaren
conditional trucaria trucaries trucaria trucaríem trucaríeu trucarien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present truqui truquis truqui truquem truqueu truquin
imperfect truqués truquessis truqués truquéssim truquéssiu truquessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós 		vostès
affirmative — truca truqui truquem truqueu truquin
negative (no) — no truquis no truqui no truquem no truqueu no truquin

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*trūdicare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 13: To–Tyrus, page 329

Further reading

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Galician

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Etymology

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Perhaps from Old Occitan trucar,[1] from Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /tɾuˈkaɾ/ [t̪ɾuˈkɑɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Hyphenation: tru‧car

Verb

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trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truquei, past participle trucado)

  1. to bang head with head (for example, the rams during a fight)
  2. to knock
  3. to charge
  4. (figurative) to argue

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of trucar (c-qu alternation)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti) 		Third-person
(el / ela / Vde.) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal trucar
Personal trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucaren
Gerund
trucando
Past participle
Masculine trucado trucados
Feminine trucada trucadas
Indicative
Present truco trucas truca trucamos trucades trucan
Imperfect trucaba trucabas trucaba trucabamos trucabades trucaban
Preterite truquei trucaches trucou trucamos trucastes trucaron
Pluperfect trucara trucaras trucara trucaramos trucarades trucaran
Future trucarei trucarás trucará trucaremos trucaredes trucarán
Conditional trucaría trucarías trucaría trucariamos trucariades trucarían
Subjunctive
Present truque truques truque truquemos truquedes truquen
Imperfect trucase trucases trucase trucásemos trucásedes trucasen
Future trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucaren
Imperative
Affirmative truca truque truquemos trucade truquen
Negative (non) non truques non truque non truquemos non truquedes non truquen
    Reintegrated conjugation of trucar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti / tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal trucar
Personal trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucarem
Gerund
trucando
Past participle
Masculine trucado trucados
Feminine trucada trucadas
Indicative
Present truco trucas truca trucamos trucades, trucais trucam
Imperfect trucava trucavas trucava trucávamos trucávades, trucáveis, trucávais1 trucavam
Preterite truquei trucaste, trucache1 trucou trucamos trucastes trucárom, trucaram
Pluperfect trucara trucaras trucara trucáramos trucárades, trucáreis, trucárais1 trucaram
Future trucarei trucarás trucará trucaremos trucaredes, trucareis trucarám, trucarão
Conditional trucaria trucarias trucaria trucaríamos trucaríades, trucaríeis, trucaríais1 trucariam
Subjunctive
Present truque truques truque truquemos truquedes, truqueis truquem
Imperfect trucasse trucasses trucasse trucássemos trucássedes, trucásseis trucassem
Future trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucarem
Imperative
Affirmative truca truque truquemos trucade, trucai truquem
Negative (nom) nom truques nom truque nom truquemos nom truquedes, nom truqueis nom truquem

1Less recommended.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “trocar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Occitan

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Etymology

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    Inherited from Old Occitan trucar, from Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre, from Latin trūdō + -icō.

    Pronunciation

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    • Audio:(file)

    Verb

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    trucar

    1. to hit; to strike

    Conjugation

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          Lengadocian (Central Occitan)
    simple compound
    infinitive trucar aver trucat
    gerund trucant use gerund of aver + past participle
    past participle trucat —
    person singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
    present truqui trucas truca trucam trucatz trucan
    imperfect trucavi trucavas trucava trucàvem trucàvetz trucavan
    preterite truquèri truquères truquèt truquèrem truquèretz truquèron
    future trucarai trucaràs trucarà trucarem trucaretz trucaràn
    conditional trucariái trucariás trucariá trucariam trucariatz trucarián
    conditional 2nd form1 truquèra truquèras truquèra truqueram truqueratz truquèran
    compound
    tenses     		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
    pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
    past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
    future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
    conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
    subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
    present truque truques truque truquem truquetz truquen
    imperfect truquèssi truquèsses truquèsse truquèssem truquèssetz truquèsson
    compound
    tenses     		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
    pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
    imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
    truca truquem trucatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
          Auvernhàs
    simple compound
    infinitive trucar aver trucat
    gerund trucant use gerund of aver + past participle
    past participle trucat —
    person singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
    present truque truques truca trucam trucatz trucon
    imperfect trucave trucaves trucava trucaviam trucaviatz trucavon
    preterite truquere truqueres truquet truquem truquetz truqueron
    future trucarai trucaràs trucará trucarem trucaretz trucarán
    conditional trucariá trucariás trucariá trucariam trucariatz trucarián
    conditional 2nd form1 truquèra truquèras truquèra truqueram truqueratz truquèran
    compound
    tenses     		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
    pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
    past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
    future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
    conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
    subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
    present truque truques truque trucassiam trucassiatz trucon
    imperfect truquesse truquesses truquesse truquessiam truquessiatz truquesson
    compound
    tenses     		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
    pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
    imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
    truca trucassiam trucatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
          Gascon
    simple compound
    infinitive trucar aver trucat
    gerund trucant use gerund of aver + past participle
    past participle trucat —
    person singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
    present truqui trucas truca trucam trucatz trucan
    imperfect trucavi trucavas trucava trucàvam trucàvatz trucavan
    preterite truquèi truquès truquè truquèm truquètz truquèn
    future trucarèi trucaràs trucarà trucaram trucaratz trucaràn
    conditional trucarí trucarés trucaré trucarem trucaretz trucarén
    conditional 2nd form1 truquèra truquèras truquèra truqueram truqueratz truquèran
    compound
    tenses     		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
    pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
    past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
    future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
    conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
    subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
    present truqui truques truque truquem truquetz truquen
    imperfect truquèssi truquèsses truquèsse truquèssem truquèssetz truquèssen
    compound
    tenses     		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
    pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
    imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
    truca truquem trucatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
          Lemosin
    simple compound
    infinitive trucar aver trucat
    gerund trucant use gerund of aver + past participle
    past participle trucat —
    person singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
    present truque trucas truca trucam trucatz trucan
    imperfect trucava trucavas trucava trucàvam trucàvatz trucavan
    preterite truquei truqueras truquet truquèram truquèratz truqueran
    future trucarai trucaràs trucará trucarem trucaretz trucarán
    conditional trucariá trucariàs trucariá trucariam trucariatz trucarián
    conditional 2nd form1 truquèra truquèras truquèra truqueram truqueratz truquèran
    compound
    tenses     		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
    pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
    past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
    future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
    conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
    subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
    present truque truques truque truquem truquetz truquen
    imperfect truquèsse truquèsses truquèsse truquèssem truquèssetz truquèssen
    compound
    tenses     		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
    pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
    imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
    truca truquem trucatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
          Provençau
    simple compound
    infinitive trucar aver trucat
    gerund trucant use gerund of aver + past participle
    past participle trucat —
    person singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
    present truque truques truca trucam trucatz trucan
    imperfect trucavi trucavas trucava trucàvem trucàvetz trucavan
    preterite truquère truquères truquèt truqueriam truqueriatz truquèron
    future trucarai trucaràs trucarà trucarem trucaretz trucaràn
    conditional trucariáu trucariás trucariá trucariam trucariatz trucarián
    conditional 2nd form1 truquèra truquèras truquèra truqueram truqueratz truquèran
    compound
    tenses     		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
    pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
    past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
    future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
    conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
    subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
    present truque truques truque truquem truquetz trucan
    imperfect truquèsse truquèsses truquèsse truquessiam truquessiatz truquèsson
    compound
    tenses     		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
    pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
    imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
    truca truquem trucatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Synonyms

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    Old Occitan

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    Etymology 1

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      Inherited from Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre, from Latin trūdō + -icō.

      Verb

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      trucar

      1. to hit; to strike
      Derived terms
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      Descendants
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      • Occitan: trucar

      Etymology 2

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      Verb

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      trucar

      1. to trade; to exchange
      Derived terms
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      References

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      • “trucar”, in Dictionnaire de l’occitan médiéval en ligne (in German and French), Munich: LMU, 2013–2024
      • “trucar2”, in Dictionnaire de l’occitan médiéval en ligne (in German and French), Munich: LMU, 2013–2024

      Portuguese

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      Pronunciation

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      Etymology 1

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      From truco +‎ -ar.

      Verb

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      trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truquei, past participle trucado)

      1. (intransitive, card games) to make the first bid in the game of Truco
      Conjugation
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          Conjugation of trucar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
      Singular Plural
      First-person
      (eu)       		Second-person
      (tu)       		Third-person
      (ele / ela / você)       		First-person
      (nós)       		Second-person
      (vós)       		Third-person
      (eles / elas / vocês)
      Infinitive
      Impersonal trucar
      Personal trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucarem
      Gerund
      trucando
      Past participle
      Masculine trucado trucados
      Feminine trucada trucadas
      Indicative
      Present truco trucas truca trucamos trucais trucam
      Imperfect trucava trucavas trucava trucávamos trucáveis trucavam
      Preterite truquei trucaste trucou trucamos1, trucámos2 trucastes trucaram
      Pluperfect trucara trucaras trucara trucáramos trucáreis trucaram
      Future trucarei trucarás trucará trucaremos trucareis trucarão
      Conditional trucaria trucarias trucaria trucaríamos trucaríeis trucariam
      Subjunctive
      Present truque truques truque truquemos truqueis truquem
      Imperfect trucasse trucasses trucasse trucássemos trucásseis trucassem
      Future trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucarem
      Imperative
      Affirmative truca truque truquemos trucai truquem
      Negative (não) não truques não truque não truquemos não truqueis não truquem

      1Brazilian Portuguese.
      2European Portuguese.

      edit

      References

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      Etymology 2

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      From truca +‎ -ar.

      Verb

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      trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truquei, past participle trucado)

      1. (intransitive, film) to do trick photography
      Conjugation
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          Conjugation of trucar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
      Singular Plural
      First-person
      (eu)       		Second-person
      (tu)       		Third-person
      (ele / ela / você)       		First-person
      (nós)       		Second-person
      (vós)       		Third-person
      (eles / elas / vocês)
      Infinitive
      Impersonal trucar
      Personal trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucarem
      Gerund
      trucando
      Past participle
      Masculine trucado trucados
      Feminine trucada trucadas
      Indicative
      Present truco trucas truca trucamos trucais trucam
      Imperfect trucava trucavas trucava trucávamos trucáveis trucavam
      Preterite truquei trucaste trucou trucamos1, trucámos2 trucastes trucaram
      Pluperfect trucara trucaras trucara trucáramos trucáreis trucaram
      Future trucarei trucarás trucará trucaremos trucareis trucarão
      Conditional trucaria trucarias trucaria trucaríamos trucaríeis trucariam
      Subjunctive
      Present truque truques truque truquemos truqueis truquem
      Imperfect trucasse trucasses trucasse trucássemos trucásseis trucassem
      Future trucar trucares trucar trucarmos trucardes trucarem
      Imperative
      Affirmative truca truque truquemos trucai truquem
      Negative (não) não truques não truque não truquemos não truqueis não truquem

      1Brazilian Portuguese.
      2European Portuguese.

      References

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      Spanish

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      Alternative forms

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      Etymology

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      From truco +‎ -ar.

      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): /tɾuˈkaɾ/ [t̪ɾuˈkaɾ]
      • Rhymes: -aɾ
      • Syllabification: tru‧car

      Verb

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      trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truqué, past participle trucado)

      1. to tune up, soup up (modify a motor vehicle)
      2. to rig
      3. (reflexive, LGBTQ, of a drag queen, trans woman, etc.) to tuck (to conceal one’s penis and testicles)[1]

      Conjugation

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          Conjugation of trucar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
      infinitive trucar
      gerund trucando
      past participle masculine feminine
      singular trucado trucada
      plural trucados trucadas
      singular plural
      1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
      indicative yo tú
      vos       		él/ella/ello
      usted       		nosotros
      nosotras       		vosotros
      vosotras       		ellos/ellas
      ustedes
      present truco trucastú
      trucásvos       		truca trucamos trucáis trucan
      imperfect trucaba trucabas trucaba trucábamos trucabais trucaban
      preterite truqué trucaste trucó trucamos trucasteis trucaron
      future trucaré trucarás trucará trucaremos trucaréis trucarán
      conditional trucaría trucarías trucaría trucaríamos trucaríais trucarían
      subjunctive yo tú
      vos       		él/ella/ello
      usted       		nosotros
      nosotras       		vosotros
      vosotras       		ellos/ellas
      ustedes
      present truque truquestú
      truquésvos2       		truque truquemos truquéis truquen
      imperfect
      (ra)       		trucara trucaras trucara trucáramos trucarais trucaran
      imperfect
      (se)       		trucase trucases trucase trucásemos trucaseis trucasen
      future1 trucare trucares trucare trucáremos trucareis trucaren
      imperative — tú
      vos       		usted nosotros
      nosotras       		vosotros
      vosotras       		ustedes
      affirmative trucatú
      trucávos       		truque truquemos trucad truquen
      negative no truques no truque no truquemos no truquéis no truquen

      1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
      2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

          Selected combined forms of trucar (c-qu alternation)

      These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

      singular plural
      1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
      with infinitive trucar
      dative trucarme trucarte trucarle, trucarse trucarnos trucaros trucarles, trucarse
      accusative trucarme trucarte trucarlo, trucarla, trucarse trucarnos trucaros trucarlos, trucarlas, trucarse
      with gerund trucando
      dative trucándome trucándote trucándole, trucándose trucándonos trucándoos trucándoles, trucándose
      accusative trucándome trucándote trucándolo, trucándola, trucándose trucándonos trucándoos trucándolos, trucándolas, trucándose
      with informal second-person singular tú imperative truca
      dative trúcame trúcate trúcale trúcanos not used trúcales
      accusative trúcame trúcate trúcalo, trúcala trúcanos not used trúcalos, trúcalas
      with informal second-person singular vos imperative trucá
      dative trucame trucate trucale trucanos not used trucales
      accusative trucame trucate trucalo, trucala trucanos not used trucalos, trucalas
      with formal second-person singular imperative truque
      dative trúqueme not used trúquele, trúquese trúquenos not used trúqueles
      accusative trúqueme not used trúquelo, trúquela, trúquese trúquenos not used trúquelos, trúquelas
      with first-person plural imperative truquemos
      dative not used truquémoste truquémosle truquémonos truquémoos truquémosles
      accusative not used truquémoste truquémoslo, truquémosla truquémonos truquémoos truquémoslos, truquémoslas
      with informal second-person plural imperative trucad
      dative trucadme not used trucadle trucadnos trucaos trucadles
      accusative trucadme not used trucadlo, trucadla trucadnos trucaos trucadlos, trucadlas
      with formal second-person plural imperative truquen
      dative trúquenme not used trúquenle trúquennos not used trúquenles, trúquense
      accusative trúquenme not used trúquenlo, trúquenla trúquennos not used trúquenlos, trúquenlas, trúquense

      Derived terms

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      References

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      1. ^ “Cómo trucarse: Guía para las mujeres trans, las personas trans femeninas y las personas a las que se asignó sexo masculino al nacer”, in Trans Lifeline (in Spanish), 2024 January 27 (last accessed)

      Further reading

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