-el

• IPA^(key): /əl/, /l̩/

From Middle English -el, from Old English -el, from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz.

• -le, -al

-el

2. Suffix forming nouns, originally denoting an instrument, from verbs, usually spelt -le except after n and e.

   runnel, shovel, dotel

4. Diminutive suffix in words of Germanic origin.

   hatchel, hovel, gomeral

From Middle English -el, a merger of two suffixes:

• Old English -el (diminutive suffix)
• Old French -el (diminutive suffix), from Latin -ellus

-el

1. Suffix, originally diminutive, in words of mostly Romance origin.

   cupel, chapel, tunnel

• -le, LE, Le, LαE, le

-el

1. Used on verbs, together with the prefix k-, to indicate that the first person singular (I) is the actor and the second person singular (you) is the object of the verb.

   n'kezalmô

   I love

   k'kezalmel

   I love you (singular)

The suffix is spelled -ol by some writers.

• -elba

Cf. French -el (e.g. sexuel, individuel, industriel)

-el

1. To make an adjective of a noun; -al

   ‎broad (“nation”) + ‎-el → ‎broadel (“national”)

• IPA^(key): [ ɛl]

-el f (noun-forming suffix)

1. forms nouns

   ‎koupat + ‎-el → ‎koupel

• -el in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

• IPA^(key): /el/, [ˈɛlˀ]

-el

1. -al

From Old Dutch *-el, from Proto-West Germanic *-il, from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. probably more than one etymology involved

• IPA^(key): /əl/

-el

1. A now-unproductive suffix forming diminutive and instrument nouns.

• Audio:

  (file)

-el

1. in [...] way

   -el is the ending for correlatives of manner or degree

• kiel (“in what way, in what manner, how”)
• tiel (“in that way, in that manner, thus”)
• ĉiel (“in every way, in every manner”)
• iel (“in some way, in some manner, somehow”)
• neniel (“in no way, nohow”)
• (nonce) aliel (“in another way, somehow else”)

-el f

1. postpositive form of el

Inherited from Old French -el, from Latin -ālis. Doublet of -al.

• IPA^(key): /ɛl/

• Audio:

  (file)

-el (feminine -elle, masculine plural -els, feminine plural -elles)

1. forms adjectives from nouns: -al

• → Danish: -el
• → Dutch: -eel
  • Afrikaans: -eel
  • → Indonesian: -il
• → German: -ell
• → Norwegian Bokmål: -ell
• → Norwegian Nynorsk: -ell
• → Swedish: -ell
• → Turkish: -el (learned)
• → Yiddish: ־על (-el)

• -al

From Middle High German -el, from Old High German -il, direct descendant of Proto-West Germanic *-il, from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz, or from dialectal variants of -lein, which as well ultimately go back to *-ilaz or to *-ilingaz.

• IPA^(key): /əl/

• Audio:

  (file)

-el

1. suffix in diminutives

   ‎Kind (“child”) + ‎-el → ‎Kindel (“little child, darling”)

   ‎Haus (“house”) + ‎-el → ‎Häusel (“little house”)

2. suffix in nouns indicating appurtenance

   ‎Arm (“arm”) + ‎-el → ‎Ärmel (“sleeve”)

   ‎Eiche (“oak”) + ‎-el → ‎Eichel (“acorn”)

3. suffix in agent and instrumental nouns

   Büttel, Meißel

• “-el” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

From -e- +‎ -l.

• IPA^(key): [ɛl]
• Rhymes: -ɛl

-el

2. (personal suffix) Forms the second-person singular present tense of verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).

   ‎keres (“to seek”) + ‎-el → ‎keresel (“you seek, you are seeking”)

4. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form a verb.

   ‎ebéd (“lunch”) + ‎-el → ‎ebédel (“to eat lunch”)

6. (noun-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form a noun. No longer productive in this role.

   ‎lep (“to cover”) + ‎-el → ‎lepel (“wrap”)

• (personal suffix) Variants:

  -sz added to verbs not in the categories listed below

  ‎vár (“to wait”) + ‎-sz → ‎vársz (“you wait, you are waiting”)

  -asz added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít

  ‎hall (“to hear”) + ‎-asz → ‎hallasz (“you hear, you are hearing”)

  ‎tanít (“to teach”) + ‎-asz → ‎tanítasz (“you teach, you are teaching”)

  -esz added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít

  ‎dönt (“to decide”) + ‎-esz → ‎döntesz (“you decide, you are deciding”)

  ‎segít (“to help”) + ‎-esz → ‎segítesz (“you help, you are helping”)

  -ol added to back-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz

  ‎olvas (“to read”) + ‎-ol → ‎olvasol (“you read, you are reading”)

  -el added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz

  ‎vesz (“to buy”) + ‎-el → ‎veszel (“you buy, you are buying”)

  -öl added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz

  ‎főz (“to cook”) + ‎-öl → ‎főzöl (“you cook, you are cooking”)

• (verb-forming suffix) Variants:

  -l is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-. Final long vowels may shorten, e.g. ű → ü.

  -ol is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -al is added to other back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -el is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -öl is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -ál is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

Note: Certain words take another, synonymous suffix, -z/-oz/-az/-ez/-öz/-áz or -zik/-ozik/-azik/-ezik/-özik.

• (noun-forming suffix) Variants:

  -al is added to back-vowel words

  -el is added to front-vowel words

• Category:Hungarian verb forms
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

From Middle Low German -el, from Old Saxon -il, from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz.

-el m

1. Suffix forming nouns originally denoting an agent from verbs.

   Lepel, Snavel, Stickel

From Middle Low German -ling. Result of resegmentation of nouns with -el and -ing suffixes. See the English suffix -ling. Akin to English, Dutch and German -ling.

-el m

1. A suffix that describes a male person (or other creature) in terms of a place of origin or a quality, as defined by the root to which it is added. Now often replaced by a compound with Jung for a male person, and Deern for a female person such as Lehrjung, Lehrdeern (male/female pupil).

• Bückel
• Stickel

From Old English -el, -ol, from Proto-West Germanic *-ul, from Proto-Germanic *-ulaz.

• -le

• IPA^(key): /-əl/

-el

1. Forms adjectives meaning "tending to" or "able to" from verbs.

• English: -le
• Scots: -le

• “-el, suf.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

From Old English -el, -ol, from Proto-West Germanic *-il, from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz.

• -ell, -il, -ill, -le, -ul, -yl, -yll, -ylle

• IPA^(key): /-əl/

-el

1. Forms diminutives from verbs or other nouns.
2. Forms agent nouns from verbs or other nouns.

• English: -le, -el
• Scots: -le, -el

• “-el, suf.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

From Old French -el, -ele, from Latin -ālis and -ellus, -ella.

• -ele, -ell, -elle, -eylle, -le, -yll, -ylle

• IPA^(key): /-ˈɛːl(ə)/, /-ɛl(ə)/

-el

1. Forms diminutives from verbs or other nouns.

• English: -el, -le

-el

1. Alternative form of -al

-el

1. Alternative form of -elen

From Old French -el, from Latin -ālis.

-el

1. makes an adjectival form of a noun; -al

• IPA^(key): /el/

From Proto-Germanic *-a-l-.

-el

1. Alternative form of -ol

From Proto-Germanic *-ilaz.

• -il

-el

1. (causes i-mutation) agent and instrumental suffix creating nouns from verbs

   ‎crēopan (“to creep”) + ‎-el → ‎crypel (“cripple”)

   ‎bēodan (“to command”) + ‎-el → ‎bydel (“herald, messenger”)

   ‎spittan (“to dig”) + ‎-el → ‎spitel (“shovel”)

   ‎hladan (“to lade”) + ‎-el → ‎hlædel (“ladle”)

   ‎þrēapian (“to reprove, reprehend”) + ‎-el → ‎þrīpel (“instrument of punishment, cross”)

• Middle English: -el
  • English: -le, -el
  • Scots: -le, -el

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛl/

From Latin -ālis.

-el

1. used to form an adjective

• French: -el

From Latin -ellus.

-el

1. used to form a diminutive

• French: -eau
• → Middle English: -el, -ele, -ell, -elle, -eylle, -le, -yll, -ylle
  • English: -el, -le

Template:pl-p

-el m

1. forms masculine agent nouns

   ‎śmierdzieć + ‎-el → ‎śmierdziel

Masculine personal:

Masculine animate:

Masculine inanimate:

• -el in Polish dictionaries at PWN

-el

1. Forms the third-person singular present indicative of consonantal oikoclitic verbs

Inherited from Latin -ellus.

• IPA^(key): /el/

-el m (plural -ei, feminine -ea, feminine plural -ele)

1. used to form a masculine diminutive of a word (e.g. ‎băiat (“boy”) + ‎-el → ‎băiețel (“little boy”)

   Synonyms: -uș, -aș, -uț, -șor

• -ea

• IPA^(key): /ɛl/

preceding vowel
A / I / O / U	E / İ / Ö / Ü
-al	-el

Learned borrowing from French -el.^[1]

-el

1. Derives adjectives from nouns and verbs.

   özel (“private, special”) from öz (“self”)

preceding vowel
A / I / O / U	E / İ / Ö / Ü
-al	-el

From Ottoman Turkish ـال (-al, -el) or ـل (-l), a combination of Proto-Turkic *-(g)a (verb-forming suffix) and *-il (passive suffix).^[2][3]

-el

2. Derives intransitive verbs from adjectives.

   ‎ince (“thin”) + ‎-l → ‎(int.) incelmek (“to thin”)

   ‎dar (“narrow”) + ‎-al → ‎(int.) daralmak (“to narrow”)

   ‎çok (“many, much”) + ‎-al → ‎(int.) çoğalmak (“to multiply”)

   ‎düz (“straight”) + ‎-el → ‎(int.) düzelmek (“to straighten”)

   ‎kısa (“short”) + ‎-al → ‎(int.) kısalmak (“to shorten”)

   ‎yön (“direction”) + ‎-el → ‎(int.) yönelmek (“to face, to turn towards”)

   ‎diri (“alive, not dead”) + ‎-l → ‎(int.) dirilmek (“to come alive, to come back to life”)

-el

1. Used to indicate a maker of a certain thing.