-ünk
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]- See -unk.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ünk
- (personal suffix) Forms the first-person plural present tense of verbs (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).
- (possessive suffix) our (first-person plural, single possession)
- (personal-pronoun suffix) of us (appended to a numeral or a pronoun)
Usage notes
[edit]- (personal suffix) Variants:
- -unk is added to back-vowel verbs
- -ünk is added to front-vowel verbs
Present tense indefinite – personal suffixes
| Person | Back vowel |
Front vowel | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||
| én | 1st person singular | -ok | -ek | -ök |
| -ik verbs (optional) | -om | -em | -öm | |
| te | 2nd person singular | -sz | ||
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -asz | -esz | ||
| after s, sz, z, dz | -ol | -el | -öl | |
| ő maga ön |
3rd person singular | – | ||
| -ik verbs | -ik | |||
| mi | 1st person plural | -unk | -ünk | |
| ti | 2nd person plural | -tok | -tek | -tök |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -otok | -etek | -ötök | |
| ők maguk önök |
3rd person plural | -nak | -nek | |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anak | -enek | ||
| See also: present-tense definite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing. | ||||
- (possessive suffix) Variants:
Possessive suffixes
| Person | Single possession | Plural possession | |
|---|---|---|---|
| én | 1st person singular | -m/-om/-am/-em/-öm | -im/-aim/-eim/-jaim/-jeim |
| te | 2nd person singular | -d/-od/-ad/-ed/-öd | -id/-aid/-eid/-jaid/-jeid |
| ő maga ön |
3rd person singular | -a/-e/-ja/-je | -i/-ai/-ei/-jai/-jei |
| mi | 1st person plural | -nk/-unk/-ünk | -ink/-aink/-eink/-jaink/-jeink |
| ti | 2nd person plural | -tok/-tek/-tök/-otok/-atok/-etek/-ötök | -itok/-itek/-aitok/-eitek/-jaitok/-jeitek |
| ők maguk önök |
3rd person plural | -uk/-ük/-juk/-jük | -ik/-aik/-eik/-jaik/-jeik |
- (personal-pronoun suffix) Variants:
Personal-pronoun suffixes
Declension
[edit](possessive suffix and personal-pronoun suffix):
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front rounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -ünk | — |
| accusative | -ünket | — |
| dative | -ünknek | — |
| instrumental | -ünkkel | — |
| causal-final | -ünkért | — |
| translative | -ünkké | — |
| terminative | -ünkig | — |
| essive-formal | -ünkként | — |
| essive-modal | -ünkül | — |
| inessive | -ünkben | — |
| superessive | -ünkön | — |
| adessive | -ünknél | — |
| illative | -ünkbe | — |
| sublative | -ünkre | — |
| allative | -ünkhöz | — |
| elative | -ünkből | — |
| delative | -ünkről | — |
| ablative | -ünktől | — |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
-ünké | — |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
-ünkéi | — |