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The Heterogeneous Impact of Market Size on Innovation:Evidence from French Firm-Level Exports

Author

Listed:
  • P. AGHION

    (Collège de France, LSE et PSE)

  • A. BERGEAUD

    (Banque de France et CEP)

  • M. LEQUIEN

    (Insee, Banque de France et PSE)

  • M.J. MELITZ

    (Harvard et NBER)

Abstract
We analyze how demand conditions faced by a firm in its export markets impact its innovation decisions. To disentangle the direction of causality between export demand and innovation, we construct a firm-level export demand shock which responds to aggregate conditions in a firm's export destinations but is exogenous to firm-level decisions. Using exhaustive data covering the French manufacturing sector, we show that French firms respond to exogenous growth shocks in their export destinations by patenting more; and that this response is entirely driven by the subset of initially more productive firms. The patent response arises 2 to 5 years after a demand shock, highlighting the time required to innovate. In contrast, the demand shock raises contemporaneous sales and employment for all firms, without any notable differences between high and low productivity firms. We show that this finding of a skewed innovation response to common demand shocks arises naturally from a model of endogenous innovation and competition with firm heterogeneity. The market size increase drives all firms to innovate more by increasing the innovation rents; yet by inducing more entry and thus more competition, it also discourages innovation by low productivity firms.

Suggested Citation

  • P. Aghion & A. Bergeaud & M. Lequien & M.J. Melitz, 2020. "The Heterogeneous Impact of Market Size on Innovation:Evidence from French Firm-Level Exports," Documents de Travail de l'Insee - INSEE Working Papers g2020-11, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques.
    • Handle: RePEc:nse:doctra:g2020-11
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Innovation; export; demand shocks; patents;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D21 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Theory
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics
    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence

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