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Technology-Induced Trade Shocks? Evidence from Broadband Expansion in France

Author

Listed:
  • Clément Malgouyres

    (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement)

  • Thierry Mayer

    (ECON - Département d'économie (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de recherche de la Banque de France - Banque de France, CEPII - Centre d'Etudes Prospectives et d'Informations Internationales - Centre d'analyse stratégique, CEPR - Center for Economic Policy Research)

  • Clément Mazet-Sonilhac

    (ECON - Département d'économie (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de recherche de la Banque de France - Banque de France)

Abstract
In this paper, we document the presence of "technology-induced" trade in France between 1997 and 2007 and assess its impact on consumer welfare. We use the staggered roll-out of broadband internet to estimate its causal effect on the importing behavior of affected firms. Using an event-study design, we find that broadband expansion increases firm-level imports by around 25%. The effect on domestic sales is positive but smaller, suggesting that the impact on trade is not limited to a scale effect. We further find that the "sub-extensive" margin (number of products and sourcing countries per firm) is the main channel of adjustment. Finally, we develop a model where firms optimize over their import strategy which yields a sufficient statistics formula for the quantification of the effects of broadband on consumer welfare. Interpreted within this model, our reduced-form estimates imply that broadband internet reduced the consumer price index by 2.22% and that the import-channel, i.e. the enhanced access to foreign goods that is allowed by broadband, accounts for about 33% of that effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Clément Malgouyres & Thierry Mayer & Clément Mazet-Sonilhac, 2021. "Technology-Induced Trade Shocks? Evidence from Broadband Expansion in France," Post-Print halshs-03325831, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-03325831
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2021.103520
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03325831
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    3. Philippe Aghion & Antonin Bergeaud & Matthieu Lequien & Marc J. Melitz, 2024. "The Heterogeneous Impact of Market Size on Innovation: Evidence from French Firm-Level Exports," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 106(3), pages 608-626, May.
    4. Eichengreen, Barry & Lafarguette, Romain & Mehl, Arnaud & Ferrari Minesso, Massimo, 2023. "Technology and the geography of the foreign exchange market," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
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    6. Cusato, Antonio & Castillo, José Luis & IDB Invest, 2023. "Access to Credit and the Expansion of Broadband Internet in Peru," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 12922, Inter-American Development Bank.
    7. Antonin Bergeaud & Clément Malgouyres & Clément Mazet-Sonilhac & Sara Signorelli, 2021. "Technological Change and Domestic Outsourcing," PSE Working Papers halshs-03265792, HAL.
    8. Wache, Benjamin, 2021. "Information Frictions, Global Capital Markets, and the Telegraph," VfS Annual Conference 2021 (Virtual Conference): Climate Economics 242444, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    9. Gilbert Cette & Sandra Nevoux & Loriane Py, 2022. "The impact of ICTs and digitalization on productivity and labor share: evidence from French firms," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(8), pages 669-692, November.
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    11. Ariu, Andrea, 2022. "Foreign workers, product quality, and trade: Evidence from a natural experiment," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    12. Xiong, Tingting, 2023. "The effect of technological intensity on international trade," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    13. Gigout, Timothee, 2019. "Firm dynamics in an global and uncertain economy," MPRA Paper 96569, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 16 Oct 2019.
    14. Carter, Colin A. & Steinbach, Sandro & Zhuang, Xiting, 2022. "Global Shipping Container Disruptions and U.S. Agricultural Exports," Working Papers 320397, International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium.
    15. Aksel Erbahar & Ömer Tarık Gençosmanoğlu, 2023. "Migrants and imports: Evidence from Dutch firms," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 90(360), pages 1204-1228, October.
    16. Houngbonon,Georges Vivien & Mensah,Justice Tei & Traore,Nouhoum-000531164, 2022. "The Impact of Internet Access on Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Africa," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9945, The World Bank.
    17. Zi, Yuan & Chen, Zhiyuan & Erbahar, Aksel, 2020. "Made and Created in China: The Role of Processing Trade," CEPR Discussion Papers 14486, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    18. Zhiyuan Chen & Aksel Erbahar & Yuan Zi, 2019. "Made and Created in China: Super Processors and Two-way Heterogeneity," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 19-080/VI, Tinbergen Institute.
    19. Antonin Bergeaud & Clément Mazet-Sonilhac, 2022. "Health crisis: French companies maintained their repayment capacity in 2020 [Changement technologique et externalisation : illustration par l’accès à l’Internet haut débit en France]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 239.
    20. Carter, Colin A. & Steinbach, Sandro & Zhuang, Xiting, 2022. "Global Container Trade Disruptions and U.S. Agricultural Exports," 2022 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Anaheim, California 322364, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Internet; Trade Imports; Consumer welfare;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • F61 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Microeconomic Impacts
    • F66 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Labor
    • L23 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Organization of Production
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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