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Fiscal Union in Europe? Redistributive and Stabilising Effects of a European Tax-Benefit System and Fiscal Equalisation Mechanism

Author

Listed:
  • Olivier Bargain

    (Aix-Marseille School of Economics, IZA and CEPS/INSTEAD)

  • Mathias Dolls

    (IZA and University of Cologne)

  • Clemens Fuest

    (University of Oxford, University of Cologne, CESifo and IZA)

  • Dirk Neumann

    (IZA and University of Cologne)

  • Andreas Peichl

    (IZA, University of Cologne, ISER and CESifo)

  • Nico Pestel

    (IZA and University of Cologne)

  • Sebastian Siegloch

    (IZA and University of Cologne)

Abstract
The current debt crisis has given rise to a debate about deeper fiscal integration in Europe. The view is widespread that moving towards a ‘fiscal union’ would have a stabilising effect in the event of macroeconomic shocks. In this paper we study the economic effects of introducing two elements of a fiscal union: Firstly, an EU-wide tax and transfer system and secondly, an EU-wide system of fiscal equalisation. Using the European tax-benefit calculator EUROMOD, we exploit representative household micro data from 11 Eurozone countries to simulate these policy reforms and to study their effects on the distribution of income as well as their impact on automatic fiscal stabilisers. We find that replacing one third of the national tax and transfer systems by a European system would lead to significant redistributive effects both within and across countries. These effects depend on income levels and the structures of the existing national tax and transfer systems. The EU system would improve fiscal stabilisation especially in credit constrained countries. It would absorb between 10 and 15 per cent of a macroeconomic income shock. Introducing a fiscal equalisation system based on taxing capacity would redistribute revenues from high to low income countries. The stabilisation properties of this system, however, are ambiguous. This suggests that not all forms of fiscal integration will improve macroeconomic stability in the Eurozone.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Bargain & Mathias Dolls & Clemens Fuest & Dirk Neumann & Andreas Peichl & Nico Pestel & Sebastian Siegloch, 2012. "Fiscal Union in Europe? Redistributive and Stabilising Effects of a European Tax-Benefit System and Fiscal Equalisation Mechanism," Working Papers 1222, Oxford University Centre for Business Taxation.
    • Handle: RePEc:btx:wpaper:1222
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    European income tax; automatic stabilisation; fiscal union;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H2 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
    • H3 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply

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