[go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/ijfiec/v27y2022i1p384-400.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A moving average heterogeneous autoregressive model for forecasting the realized volatility of the US stock market: Evidence from over a century of data

Author

Listed:
  • Afees A. Salisu
  • Rangan Gupta
  • Ahamuefula E. Ogbonna
Abstract
This study forecasts the monthly realized volatility of the US stock market covering the period of February 1885 to September 2019 using a recently developed novel approach – a moving average heterogeneous autoregressive (MAT‐HAR) model, which treats threshold as a moving average generated time‐varying parameter rather than as a fixed or unknown parameter. The significance of asymmetric information in realized volatility of stock market forecasting is also considered by examining the case of good and bad realized volatility. The Clark and West, Journal of Econometrics, 2007, 138, 291–311 forecast evaluation approach is employed to evaluate the forecast performance of the proposed predictive model vis‐à‐vis the conventional HAR and threshold HAR (T‐HAR) models. We find evidence in favour of the MAT‐HAR model relative to the HAR and T‐HAR models. Also observed is the significant role of asymmetry in modelling the realized volatility as good realized volatility and bad realized volatility yield dissimilar predictability results. Our results are not sensitive to the choice of sample periods and realized volatility measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Afees A. Salisu & Rangan Gupta & Ahamuefula E. Ogbonna, 2022. "A moving average heterogeneous autoregressive model for forecasting the realized volatility of the US stock market: Evidence from over a century of data," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(1), pages 384-400, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:ijfiec:v:27:y:2022:i:1:p:384-400
    DOI: 10.1002/ijfe.2158
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2158
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/ijfe.2158?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Andersen T. G & Bollerslev T. & Diebold F. X & Labys P., 2001. "The Distribution of Realized Exchange Rate Volatility," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 96, pages 42-55, March.
    2. Ole E. Barndorff-Nielsen & Neil Shephard, 2002. "Estimating quadratic variation using realized variance," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(5), pages 457-477.
    3. Robert F. Engle & Jose Gonzalo Rangel, 2008. "The Spline-GARCH Model for Low-Frequency Volatility and Its Global Macroeconomic Causes," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 21(3), pages 1187-1222, May.
    4. Salisu, Afees A. & Ogbonna, Ahamuefula E., 2019. "Another look at the energy-growth nexus: New insights from MIDAS regressions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 69-84.
    5. Oloko, Tirimisiyu F., 2018. "Portfolio diversification between developed and developing stock markets: The case of US and UK investors in Nigeria," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 219-232.
    6. Ma, Yan-Ran & Zhang, Dayong & Ji, Qiang & Pan, Jiaofeng, 2019. "Spillovers between oil and stock returns in the US energy sector: Does idiosyncratic information matter?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 536-544.
    7. Yang, Ke & Tian, Fengping & Chen, Langnan & Li, Steven, 2017. "Realized volatility forecast of agricultural futures using the HAR models with bagging and combination approaches," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 276-291.
    8. Whitney K. Newey & Kenneth D. West, 1994. "Automatic Lag Selection in Covariance Matrix Estimation," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 61(4), pages 631-653.
    9. Afees A. Salisu & Ahamuefula Ephraim Ogbonna, 2018. "Does time-variation matter in the stochastic volatility components for G7 stock returns," Working Papers 062, Centre for Econometric and Allied Research, University of Ibadan.
    10. José Rangel & Robert Engle, 2012. "The Factor–Spline–GARCH Model for High and Low Frequency Correlations," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(1), pages 109-124.
    11. Baruník, Jozef & Kočenda, Evžen & Vácha, Lukáš, 2016. "Asymmetric connectedness on the U.S. stock market: Bad and good volatility spillovers," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 55-78.
    12. Tian, Fengping & Yang, Ke & Chen, Langnan, 2017. "Realized volatility forecasting of agricultural commodity futures using the HAR model with time-varying sparsity," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 132-152.
    13. Degiannakis, Stavros & Filis, George, 2017. "Forecasting oil price realized volatility using information channels from other asset classes," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 28-49.
    14. Zhou, Weijie & Pan, Jiao & Wu, Xiaoli, 2019. "Forecasting the realized volatility of CSI 300," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 531(C).
    15. Degiannakis, Stavros, 2018. "Multiple days ahead realized volatility forecasting: Single, combined and average forecasts," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 41-61.
    16. Ma, Feng & Wahab, M.I.M. & Huang, Dengshi & Xu, Weiju, 2017. "Forecasting the realized volatility of the oil futures market: A regime switching approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 136-145.
    17. Degiannakis, Stavros, 2017. "The one-trading-day-ahead forecast errors of intra-day realized volatility," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 1298-1314.
    18. Fulvio Corsi, 2009. "A Simple Approximate Long-Memory Model of Realized Volatility," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 7(2), pages 174-196, Spring.
    19. Fengping Tian & Ke Yang & Langnan Chen, 2017. "Realized Volatility Forecasting of Agricultural Commodity Futures Using Long Memory and Regime Switching," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 36(4), pages 421-430, July.
    20. Gkillas, Konstantinos & Gupta, Rangan & Pierdzioch, Christian, 2020. "Forecasting realized gold volatility: Is there a role of geopolitical risks?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 35(C).
    21. Clark, Todd E. & West, Kenneth D., 2007. "Approximately normal tests for equal predictive accuracy in nested models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 138(1), pages 291-311, May.
    22. Yan‐ran Ma & Qiang Ji & Jiaofeng Pan, 2019. "Oil financialization and volatility forecast: Evidence from multidimensional predictors," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(6), pages 564-581, September.
    23. Robert F. Engle & Eric Ghysels & Bumjean Sohn, 2013. "Stock Market Volatility and Macroeconomic Fundamentals," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 95(3), pages 776-797, July.
    24. Yao, Xingzhi & Izzeldin, Marwan & Li, Zhenxiong, 2019. "A novel cluster HAR-type model for forecasting realized volatility," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 1318-1331.
    25. Salisu, Afees A. & Swaray, Raymond & Oloko, Tirimisiyu F., 2019. "Improving the predictability of the oil–US stock nexus: The role of macroeconomic variables," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 153-171.
    26. Mei, Dexiang & Liu, Jing & Ma, Feng & Chen, Wang, 2017. "Forecasting stock market volatility: Do realized skewness and kurtosis help?," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 481(C), pages 153-159.
    27. Zhiguang (Gerald) Wang, 2009. "Volatility Risk," Issue Briefs 2009513, South Dakota State University, Department of Economics.
    28. Massimiliano Caporin & Eduardo Rossi & Paolo Santucci de Magistris, 2016. "Volatility Jumps and Their Economic Determinants," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 14(1), pages 29-80.
    29. Ping, Yuan & Li, Rui, 2018. "Forecasting realized volatility based on the truncated two-scales realized volatility estimator (TTSRV): Evidence from China's stock market," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 222-229.
    30. John Y. Campbell & Samuel B. Thompson, 2008. "Predicting Excess Stock Returns Out of Sample: Can Anything Beat the Historical Average?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 21(4), pages 1509-1531, July.
    31. Ser-Huang Poon & Clive W.J. Granger, 2003. "Forecasting Volatility in Financial Markets: A Review," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 41(2), pages 478-539, June.
    32. Gong, Xu & Lin, Boqiang, 2019. "Modeling stock market volatility using new HAR-type models," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 516(C), pages 194-211.
    33. Peng, Huan & Chen, Ruoxun & Mei, Dexiang & Diao, Xiaohua, 2018. "Forecasting the realized volatility of the Chinese stock market: Do the G7 stock markets help?," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 501(C), pages 78-85.
    34. Bauer, Gregory H. & Vorkink, Keith, 2011. "Forecasting multivariate realized stock market volatility," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 160(1), pages 93-101, January.
    35. Salisu, Afees A. & Isah, Kazeem O., 2017. "Revisiting the oil price and stock market nexus: A nonlinear Panel ARDL approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 258-271.
    36. Salisu, Afees A. & Adediran, Idris A. & Oloko, Tirimisiyu O. & Ohemeng, William, 2020. "The heterogeneous behaviour of the inflation hedging property of cocoa," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    37. Newey, Whitney & West, Kenneth, 2014. "A simple, positive semi-definite, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 33(1), pages 125-132.
    38. Qu, Hui & Duan, Qingling & Niu, Mengyi, 2018. "Modeling the volatility of realized volatility to improve volatility forecasts in electricity markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 767-776.
    39. Wang Pu & Yixiang Chen & Feng Ma, 2016. "Forecasting the realized volatility in the Chinese stock market: further evidence," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(33), pages 3116-3130, July.
    40. Ma, Feng & Zhang, Yaojie & Huang, Dengshi & Lai, Xiaodong, 2018. "Forecasting oil futures price volatility: New evidence from realized range-based volatility," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 400-409.
    41. Alam, Md. Samsul & Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Ferrer, Román, 2019. "Causal flows between oil and forex markets using high-frequency data: Asymmetries from good and bad volatility," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    42. Gupta, Rangan & Pierdzioch, Christian & Selmi, Refk & Wohar, Mark E., 2018. "Does partisan conflict predict a reduction in US stock market (realized) volatility? Evidence from a quantile-on-quantile regression model☆," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 87-96.
    43. Salisu, Afees A. & Oloko, Tirimisiyu F., 2015. "Modeling oil price–US stock nexus: A VARMA–BEKK–AGARCH approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1-12.
    44. Ole E. Barndorff-Nielsen & Neil Shephard, 2002. "Estimating quadratic variation using realized variance," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(5), pages 457-477.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Oguzhan Cepni & Riza Demirer & Rangan Gupta & Christian Pierdzioch, 2024. "Political Geography and Stock Market Volatility: The Role of Political Alignment across Sentiment Regimes," Working Papers 202414, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    2. Rangan Gupta & Jacobus Nel & Christian Pierdzioch, 2023. "Investor Confidence and Forecastability of US Stock Market Realized Volatility: Evidence from Machine Learning," Journal of Behavioral Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(1), pages 111-122, January.
    3. Bonato, Matteo & Cepni, Oguzhan & Gupta, Rangan & Pierdzioch, Christian, 2023. "Climate risks and state-level stock market realized volatility," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    4. Rangan Gupta & Yuvana Jaichand & Christian Pierdzioch & Reneé van Eyden, 2023. "Realized Stock-Market Volatility of the United States and the Presidential Approval Rating," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-27, July.
    5. Ruipeng Liu & Rangan Gupta & Elie Bouri, 2021. "Conventional and Unconventional Monetary Policy Rate Uncertainty and Stock Market Volatility: A Forecasting Perspective," Working Papers 202178, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    6. Matteo Bonato & Oguzhan Cepni & Rangan Gupta & Christian Pierdzioch, 2024. "Business applications and state‐level stock market realized volatility: A forecasting experiment," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(2), pages 456-472, March.
    7. Demirer, Riza & Gupta, Rangan & Salisu, Afees A. & van Eyden, Reneé, 2023. "Firm-level business uncertainty and the predictability of the aggregate U.S. stock market volatility during the COVID-19 pandemic," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 295-302.
    8. Afees A. Salisu & Riza Demirer & Rangan Gupta, 2023. "Technological Shocks and Stock Market Volatility Over a Century: A GARCH-MIDAS Approach," Working Papers 202308, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    9. Riza Demirer & Rangan Gupta & He Li & Yu You, 2021. "Financial Vulnerability and Volatility in Emerging Stock Markets: Evidence from GARCH-MIDAS Models," Working Papers 202112, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    10. Riza Demirer & Rangan Gupta & Christian Pierdzioch, 2020. "Forecasting Realized Stock-Market Volatility: Do Industry Returns have Predictive Value?," Working Papers 2020107, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Luo, Jiawen & Ji, Qiang & Klein, Tony & Todorova, Neda & Zhang, Dayong, 2020. "On realized volatility of crude oil futures markets: Forecasting with exogenous predictors under structural breaks," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    2. Luo, Jiawen & Demirer, Riza & Gupta, Rangan & Ji, Qiang, 2022. "Forecasting oil and gold volatilities with sentiment indicators under structural breaks," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    3. Danyan Wen & Mengxi He & Yaojie Zhang & Yudong Wang, 2022. "Forecasting realized volatility of Chinese stock market: A simple but efficient truncated approach," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(2), pages 230-251, March.
    4. Zhang, Yaojie & Lei, Likun & Wei, Yu, 2020. "Forecasting the Chinese stock market volatility with international market volatilities: The role of regime switching," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    5. Luo, Jiawen & Klein, Tony & Ji, Qiang & Hou, Chenghan, 2022. "Forecasting realized volatility of agricultural commodity futures with infinite Hidden Markov HAR models," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 51-73.
    6. Hossein Hassani & Mohammad Reza Yeganegi & Rangan Gupta & Riza Demirer, 2018. "Forecasting Stock Market (Realized) Volatility in the United Kingdom: Is There a Role for Economic Inequality?," Working Papers 201880, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    7. Hossein Hassani & Mohammad Reza Yeganegi & Rangan Gupta & Riza Demirer, 2022. "Forecasting stock market (realized) volatility in the United Kingdom: Is there a role of inequality?," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(2), pages 2146-2152, April.
    8. Chen, Yixiang & Ma, Feng & Zhang, Yaojie, 2019. "Good, bad cojumps and volatility forecasting: New evidence from crude oil and the U.S. stock markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 52-62.
    9. Liang, Chao & Luo, Qin & Li, Yan & Huynh, Luu Duc Toan, 2023. "Global financial stress index and long-term volatility forecast for international stock markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    10. Hardik A. Marfatia & Qiang Ji & Jiawen Luo, 2022. "Forecasting the volatility of agricultural commodity futures: The role of co‐volatility and oil volatility," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(2), pages 383-404, March.
    11. Lu, Xinjie & Ma, Feng & Wang, Jianqiong & Dong, Dayong, 2022. "Singlehanded or joint race? Stock market volatility prediction," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 734-754.
    12. Liu, Jing & Ma, Feng & Tang, Yingkai & Zhang, Yaojie, 2019. "Geopolitical risk and oil volatility: A new insight," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    13. Chao Liang & Feng Ma & Lu Wang & Qing Zeng, 2021. "The information content of uncertainty indices for natural gas futures volatility forecasting," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(7), pages 1310-1324, November.
    14. Lyócsa, Štefan & Molnár, Peter & Výrost, Tomáš, 2021. "Stock market volatility forecasting: Do we need high-frequency data?," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 1092-1110.
    15. Mei, Dexiang & Zhao, Chenchen & Luo, Qin & Li, Yan, 2022. "Forecasting the Chinese low-carbon index volatility," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    16. Chao Liang & Yi Zhang & Yaojie Zhang, 2022. "Forecasting the volatility of the German stock market: New evidence," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(9), pages 1055-1070, February.
    17. Liang, Chao & Li, Yan & Ma, Feng & Wei, Yu, 2021. "Global equity market volatilities forecasting: A comparison of leverage effects, jumps, and overnight information," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    18. Riza Demirer & Rangan Gupta & Christian Pierdzioch, 2020. "Forecasting Realized Stock-Market Volatility: Do Industry Returns have Predictive Value?," Working Papers 2020107, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    19. Chen, Zhonglu & Liang, Chao & Umar, Muhammad, 2021. "Is investor sentiment stronger than VIX and uncertainty indices in predicting energy volatility?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    20. Liu, Jing & Ma, Feng & Zhang, Yaojie, 2019. "Forecasting the Chinese stock volatility across global stock markets," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 525(C), pages 466-477.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C53 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Forecasting and Prediction Models; Simulation Methods
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:ijfiec:v:27:y:2022:i:1:p:384-400. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1076-9307/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.