ri
Albanian • Anguthimri • Dalmatian • Danish • Esperanto • French • Galician • Guinea-Bissau Creole • Hausa • Igbo • Italian • Japanese • Javanese • Kabuverdianu • Lashi • Makasar • Mandarin • Nabi • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Javanese • Portuguese • Scottish Gaelic • Sumerian • Tocharian A • Tunica • Vietnamese • Welsh • Yoruba • Zazaki
Page categories
English
editEtymology
editFrom the McCune-Reischauer romanization of Korean 리 (ri), from Mandarin Chinese 里 (lǐ).
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ɹiː/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -iː
Noun
edit- (Units of measure) Synonym of li as a Korean unit of distance equivalent to about 393 m.
- (music) The solfeggio syllable used to indicate the sharp of the second note of a major scale, enharmonic to me.
Anagrams
editAlbanian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Albanian *(h)eríja- 'of this time, from this time, presently, of now > new, recent', a derivative of Alb. herë '(one) time, hour' etc., which is an old loan-word from Latin hōra 'time, hour' etc.; the Albanian substantive is historically not compatible with a reconstruction Proto-Indo-European *h₁r̥wo-, zero-grade of *h₁orwo- (compare Old English earu (“quick”), Tocharian B ārwer (“ready”), Avestan [script needed] (aruuant-, “quick, brave”)), as it has been proposed in the literature. According to R. Matasovic (A grammatical sketch of Albanian for students of Indo-European. Zadar 2018), the etymology of the adjective is controversial and has no accepted source or from substrate.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editi ri (feminine e re, masculine plural të rinj, feminine plural të reja)
References
editNeri, Sergio, Article ri (i), re (e) in: Bardhyl Demiraj, Olav Hackstein, Sergio Neri und Ania Omari. DPEWA, Digitales Philologisch-Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altalbanischen“ (15.-18. Jh.), München 2018-2021 (https://www.dpwa.gwi.uni-muenchen.de/dictionary/?lemmaid=14385)
Anguthimri
editNoun
editri
- (Mpakwithi) excrement
References
edit- Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 188
Dalmatian
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Latin reus. Compare Italian rio, Romanian rău.
Adjective
editri (feminine raja)
Danish
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Low German rigen (“to put in folds”), from or related to Old Saxon rekkian (“to extend”). Distantly related to Old Norse rekja (“to unfold, unwind”), hence a doublet of række (“to reach”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editri (imperative ri, present rir or rier, past riede, past participle riet)
Derived terms
editEsperanto
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editri (accusative rin, possessive ria)
- (gender-neutral, nonstandard) they (singular). A gender-neutral singular third-person personal pronoun.
- 2006, “Maldormemo mia”, in Eksenlime, performed by La Perdita Generacio:
- Najbaro laboranta en la sama laborejo / En la bela domo ri ne pentras plu
- A neighbor working in the same workplace / In the beautiful house they don't paint anymore
Usage notes
editIn 1976, the gender-neutral pronoun ri was presented for the first time alongside the pronouns li (he) and ŝi (she). Until about 2010, it remained a seldom used experimental word, but after 2010 its use has increased significantly, especially in youth circles in Western countries. Comparable to English epicene pronouns. Also read about gender reform in Esperanto. Alternatives include expanding the use of the demonstrative pronoun tiu (“that one”) or using the similarly proscribed ŝli.
Synonyms
edit- (neologism, non standard) ŝli
Holonyms
editDerived terms
edit- riismo (“ri-ism”)
French
editPronunciation
editParticiple
editri (feminine rie, masculine plural ris, feminine plural ries)
- past participle of rire
Galician
editVerb
editri
- inflection of rir:
- (reintegrationist norm) inflection of rir:
Guinea-Bissau Creole
editEtymology
editFrom Portuguese rir. Cognate with Kabuverdianu ri.
Verb
editri
- to laugh
Hausa
editPronunciation
editIdeophone
editr̃ī̀
Igbo
editPronunciation
editVerb
editri
Italian
editAdjective
editri m
Anagrams
editJapanese
editRomanization
editri
Javanese
editRomanization
editri
- Romanization of ꦫꦶ
Kabuverdianu
editEtymology
editFrom Portuguese rir.
Verb
editri
- to laugh
Lashi
editPronunciation
editParticle
editri
- Turns the preceding word into an accusative.
References
edit- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[2], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
Makasar
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *di, from Proto-Austronesian *di.
Pronunciation
editPreposition
editri (Lontara spelling ᨑᨗ)
Mandarin
editRomanization
editri
- Nonstandard spelling of rī.
- Nonstandard spelling of rì.
Usage notes
edit- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Nabi
editNoun
editri
References
edit- transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66
Norwegian Bokmål
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editNoun
editri (definite singular, indefinite plural, definite plural)
Etymology 2
editAlternative forms
editVerb
editri (imperative ri, present tense rir, simple past red or rei, past participle ridd, present participle riende)
- to ride (an animal, e.g. a horse)
References
edit- “ri” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editAlternative forms
editNoun
editri f (definite singular ria, indefinite plural rier, definite plural riene)
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editFrom Old Norse ríða, from Proto-Germanic *rīdaną.
Alternative forms
editVerb
editri (present tense rir, past tense rei, past participle ridd or ridt or ride, present participle ridande, imperative ri)
- to ride (an animal)
Related terms
editReferences
edit- “ri” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams
editOld Javanese
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editInherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi, from Proto-Austronesian *duʀi
Noun
editri
Alternative forms
editDescendants
editEtymology 2
editInherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *di, from Proto-Austronesian *di. Compare Makasar ri (ᨑᨗ).
Particle
editri
- prepositional particle
Alternative forms
editDerived terms
editDescendants
editPortuguese
editPronunciation
edit
- Rhymes: -i
Verb
editri
Scottish Gaelic
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Irish fri (“towards, against”), from Old Irish fri. Cognates include Irish fré and Manx rish.
Pronunciation
editPreposition
editri (+ dative, no mutation, before the definite article ris)
- to, against, with
- ris a' ghaoith ― against the wind
- up
- chaidh iad ris an leathad ― they went up the hillside
- as (with cho)
- Used with a noun or verbal noun to express up to or involved in
- Bha a' chlann sin ri mì-mhodh. ― Those children were up to no good.
- Bha i an urra ris an losgadh anns a' Chròthais beagan bhliadhnachan an dèidh cogadh Iugoslabhach. ― She was responsible for the shooting in Croatia a few years after the Yugoslav War.
Usage notes
edit- In the Lewis dialect, ri is used instead of ag or a' before a verbal noun to form present participles:
- tha mi ri seinn ― I am singing (As opposed to tha mi a' seinn, which has the same meaning.)
- Followed by a prepositional pronoun takes a passive voice meaning:
- Tha na h-eòin tarraingeach rin amharc. ― The birds are attractive to watch. (literally, “The birds are attractive to their watching.”)
Inflection
editPersonal inflection of ri | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Person | Simple | Emphatic | ||||||
Singular | 1st | rium | riumsa | ||||||
2nd | riut | riutsa | |||||||
3rd m | ris | ris-san | |||||||
3rd f | rithe | rithese | |||||||
Plural | 1st | rinn | rinne | ||||||
2nd | ribh | ribhse | |||||||
3rd | riutha | riuthasan |
Derived terms
editSumerian
editRomanization
editri
- Romanization of 𒊑 (ri)
Tocharian A
editEtymology
editFrom Old Chinese 里 (*rɯʔ). Cognate with Tocharian B rīye.[1]
Noun
editri
References
edit- ^ 2003, Alexander Lubotsky, Sergey Starostin, “Turkic and Chinese loan words in Tocharian”, in Bauer, Brigitte L.M., Pinault, Georges-Jean, editors, Language in Time and Space: A Festschrift for Werner Winter on the Occasion of his 80th Birthday, pages 257-269:
Tunica
editNoun
editri
Vietnamese
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Adjective
editSee also
editEtymology 2
editPart of the r-series of demonstratives, along with rày, rứa, ru, sao.
Adverb
editSee also
editProximal (*-iː) |
Distal 1 (*-iːʔ) |
Distal 2 (*-əːʔ) |
Distal 3/ Remote (*-ɔːʔ) |
Interrogative (rime was a rounded back vowel) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Place, attributive1 n- |
ni nì này/nầy nây |
nấy | nớ | nọ (nó) |
nào | |
Place, nominal2 đ- |
đây | đấy (ấy) |
— | đó | đâu | |
Manner r- |
ri rày |
— | rứa | — | ru sao3 | |
Extent 14 b- |
bây | bấy | — | — | bao | |
Extent 25 v- |
vầy | vậy | — | — | — | |
1 Originally can only follow a nominal (being used attributively), hence nơi này (“this place; here”), nơi nào (“where”) (no longer completely true in the modern language). 2 Can be used on its own/is itself nominal, hence đây (“here”), đâu (“where”). 3 From earlier *C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant). 4 Placed before the head: bây nhiêu (“this much”), bấy nhiêu (“that much”), bao nhiêu (“how much”). 5 Placed after the head: nhanh vầy (“this fast”), nhanh vậy (“that fast/so fast”). | ||||||
Visibility/evidentiality6 | ||||||
Distal (ngang) |
Remote (huyền) | |||||
Northern-Southern | kia (cơ) |
kìa (cờ) | ||||
Central | tê | tề | ||||
6 Originally, these demonstratives might have been used to assert that something is visible and/or verifiable. They have been bleached quite thoroughly and currently are usually used like other distal demonstratives. The biggest trace of their evidentiality might be in their usage as final particles, often in reduced forms cơ/cờ: [t]ừ đấy về tới Hà Nội, còn những ba cái cầu nữa cơ mà! ("From there to Hanoi, there're still three more bridges to cross!") (Ba ngày luân lạc, 1943). |
Welsh
editNoun
editri
- Soft mutation of rhi.
Mutation
editYoruba
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
editNoun
editrí
- The name of the Latin-script letter R/r.
See also
edit- (Latin-script letter names) lẹ́tà; á, bí, dí, é, ẹ́, fí, gí, gbì, hí, í, jí, kí, lí, mí, ní, ó, ọ́, pí, rí, sí, ṣí, tí, ú, wí, yí
Etymology 2
editProposed to derive from Proto-Yoruboid *lí, cognate with Igala lí
Pronunciation
editVerb
editrí
- (transitive) to see
- (intransitive) to look like
Synonyms
editYoruba Varieties and Languages - rí (“to see”) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
view map; edit data | ||||
Language Family | Variety Group | Variety/Language | Location | Words |
Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ào | Ìdóàní | rí |
Ìdànrè | Ìdànrè | í | ||
Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú Òde | rí | ||
Ìkòròdú | rí | |||
Ṣágámù | rí | |||
Ẹ̀pẹ́ | rí | |||
Ìkálẹ̀ | Òkìtìpupa | rí | ||
Ìlàjẹ | Mahin | rí | ||
Oǹdó | Oǹdó | í | ||
Usẹn | Usẹn | rí | ||
Ìtsẹkírì | Ìwẹrẹ | rí | ||
Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Àdó Èkìtì | rí |
Àkúrẹ́ | rí | |||
Ọ̀tùn Èkìtì | rí | |||
Ifẹ̀ | Ilé Ifẹ̀ | rí | ||
Ìgbómìnà | Ìlá Ọ̀ràngún | rí | ||
Ìfẹ́lódùn LGA | rí | |||
Ìrẹ́pọ̀dùn LGA | rí | |||
Ìsin LGA | rí | |||
Ìjẹ̀ṣà | Iléṣà | rí | ||
Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Èbúté Mẹ́tà | rí | |
Ẹ̀gbá | Abẹ́òkúta | rí | ||
Èkó | Èkó | rí | ||
Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | rí | ||
Ìbàràpá | Igbó Òrà | rí | ||
Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Òṣogbo | rí | ||
Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | rí | ||
Oǹkó | Ìtẹ̀síwájú LGA | rí | ||
Ìwàjówà LGA | rí | |||
Kájọlà LGA | rí | |||
Ìsẹ́yìn LGA | rí | |||
Ṣakí West LGA | rí | |||
Atisbo LGA | rí | |||
Ọlọ́runṣògo LGA | rí | |||
Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | rí | ||
Standard Yorùbá | Nàìjíríà | rí | ||
Bɛ̀nɛ̀ | rí | |||
Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Ìyàgbà | Yàgbà East LGA | rí | |
Owé | Kabba | rí | ||
Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ana | Sokode | rí | |
Ìcà | Agoua | rí | ||
Ìdàácà | Igbó Ìdàácà | rí | ||
Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí-Ìjè | Onigbolo | rí | ||
Yewa | rí | |||
Ifɛ̀ | Akpáré | rí | ||
Atakpamé | rí | |||
Boko | rí | |||
Moretan | rí | |||
Tchetti | rí | |||
Kura | Awotébi | lí | ||
Partago | rí | |||
Northern Nago | Kambole | í | ||
Manigri | í |
Derived terms
editEtymology 3
editPronunciation
editVerb
editrì
- (intransitive) to sink, to drown
- (transitive) to sink
Verb
editri
- Alternative form of rì (“to sink”) used before object nouns
Zazaki
editPronunciation
editNoun
editri
- English terms derived from Korean
- English terms derived from Mandarin
- English terms derived from Chinese
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/iː
- Rhymes:English/iː/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Music
- en:Units of measure
- Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Albanian
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Albanian
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Albanian terms derived from substrate languages
- Albanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian adjectives
- Albanian terms with usage examples
- Anguthimri lemmas
- Anguthimri nouns
- Dalmatian terms inherited from Latin
- Dalmatian terms derived from Latin
- Dalmatian lemmas
- Dalmatian adjectives
- Danish terms borrowed from Middle Low German
- Danish terms derived from Middle Low German
- Danish terms derived from Old Saxon
- Danish doublets
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish lemmas
- Danish verbs
- da:Sewing
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Esperanto terms with audio pronunciation
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto pronouns
- Esperanto gender-neutral terms
- Esperanto nonstandard terms
- Esperanto terms with quotations
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French non-lemma forms
- French past participles
- Galician non-lemma forms
- Galician verb forms
- Guinea-Bissau Creole terms derived from Portuguese
- Guinea-Bissau Creole lemmas
- Guinea-Bissau Creole verbs
- Hausa terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hausa lemmas
- Hausa ideophones
- Igbo terms with IPA pronunciation
- Igbo lemmas
- Igbo verbs
- Igbo terms with quotations
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian adjective forms
- Japanese non-lemma forms
- Japanese romanizations
- Javanese non-lemma forms
- Javanese romanizations
- Kabuverdianu terms derived from Portuguese
- Kabuverdianu lemmas
- Kabuverdianu verbs
- Lashi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lashi lemmas
- Lashi particles
- Makasar terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Makasar terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Makasar terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Makasar terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Makasar terms with IPA pronunciation
- Makasar lemmas
- Makasar prepositions
- Hanyu Pinyin
- Mandarin non-lemma forms
- Mandarin nonstandard forms
- Nabi lemmas
- Nabi nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Bokmål terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk feminine nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk strong verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk class 1 strong verbs
- Old Javanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Javanese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Old Javanese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Old Javanese terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Old Javanese terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Old Javanese lemmas
- Old Javanese nouns
- Old Javanese particles
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Portuguese/i
- Rhymes:Portuguese/i/1 syllable
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese verb forms
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Middle Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Middle Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Old Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Old Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scottish Gaelic lemmas
- Scottish Gaelic prepositions
- Scottish Gaelic prepositions governing the dative
- Scottish Gaelic terms with usage examples
- Sumerian non-lemma forms
- Sumerian romanizations
- Tocharian A terms borrowed from Old Chinese
- Tocharian A terms derived from Old Chinese
- Tocharian A lemmas
- Tocharian A nouns
- Tunica lemmas
- Tunica nouns
- Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese adjectives
- Vietnamese adverbs
- Central Vietnamese
- Vietnamese terms with usage examples
- Welsh non-lemma forms
- Welsh mutated nouns
- Welsh soft-mutation forms
- Yoruba terms with IPA pronunciation
- Yoruba lemmas
- Yoruba nouns
- yo:Latin letter names
- Yoruba terms inherited from Proto-Yoruboid
- Yoruba terms derived from Proto-Yoruboid
- Yoruba verbs
- Yoruba transitive verbs
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- Zazaki terms with IPA pronunciation
- Zazaki lemmas
- Zazaki nouns