瓤

瓤	U+74E4, 瓤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-74E4

Translingual

Han character

瓤 (Kangxi radical 97, 瓜+17, 22 strokes, cangjie input 卜女竹女人 (YVHVO), four-corner 0271₀, composition ⿰襄瓜)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 747, character 30
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21429
Dae Jaweon: page 1156, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2657, character 16
Unihan data for U+74E4

Chinese

trad.		瓤
simp. ^#		瓤
alternative forms		穰

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (襄) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
囊	*naːŋ
蠰	naːŋ, sraŋ, hnjaŋs, njaŋʔ
曩	*naːŋʔ
灢	naːŋʔ, naːŋs
儾	*naːŋs
孃	naŋ, njaŋ
瓤	naŋ, njaŋ
鑲	naŋ, njaŋ
釀	*naŋs
瓖	snaŋ, snaŋ
驤	*snaŋ
襄	*snaŋ
纕	*snaŋ
忀	*snaŋ
欀	snaŋ, njaŋs
饟	hnjaŋ, hnjaŋʔ, *hnjaŋs
攘	njaŋ, njaŋʔ, *njaŋs
禳	*njaŋ
穰	njaŋ, njaŋʔ
躟	njaŋ, njaŋʔ
瀼	*njaŋ
獽	*njaŋ
儴	*njaŋ
蘘	*njaŋ
鬤	njaŋ, rnaːŋ
勷	*njaŋ
壤	*njaŋʔ
嚷	*njaŋʔ
讓	*njaŋs
懹	*njaŋs
攮	*rnoːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *naŋ, *njaŋ) : phonetic 襄 (OC *snaŋ) + semantic 瓜 (“gourd”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ráng (rang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): nong⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nông
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): nn̂g / liông / jiâng / jiông

(Teochew, Peng'im): neng⁵ / riang⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶naon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ráng
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ráng
  - Wade–Giles: jang²
  - Yale: ráng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rang
  - Palladius: жан (žan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (瓤兒／瓤儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: rángr
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄤˊㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: rángr
  - Wade–Giles: jang²-ʼrh
  - Yale: rángr
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rangl
  - Palladius: жанр (žanr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɑ̃ɻ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: nong⁴
  - Yale: nòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: nong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɔːŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nông
  - Hakka Romanization System: nong^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: nong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /noŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nn̂g
  - Tâi-lô: nn̂g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nngg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /nŋ̍²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /nŋ̍²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /nŋ̍¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông
  - Tâi-lô: liông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lioong
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /liɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiâng
  - Tâi-lô: jiâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jiaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziaŋ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiông
  - Tâi-lô: jiông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jioong
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziɔŋ²³/

Note:

nn̂g - vernacular (“flesh; layer of fat”);
liông/jiâng/jiông - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: neng⁵ / riang⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nṳ̂ng / jiâng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɯŋ⁵⁵/, /d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

neng5 - vernacular;
riang5 - literary.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶naon
  - MiniDict: naon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³naan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /nɑ̃²³/

Middle Chinese: nyang, nrjang

Rime
Character	瓤	瓤
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	汝陽切	女良切
Baxter	nyang	nrjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨɐŋ/	/ɳɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɐŋ/	/ɳiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑiɑŋ/	/niɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵɨaŋ/	/ɳɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/ȵiaŋ/	/niaŋ/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭaŋ/	/nĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯aŋ/	/ni̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ráng	niáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	joeng⁴	noeng⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*naŋ/, /*njaŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瓤	瓤
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13615	13630
Phonetic component	襄	襄
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	孃	穰
Old Chinese	/*naŋ/	/*njaŋ/
Notes	見漢賦	見漢賦

Definitions

瓤

flesh of fruits and nuts; pulp; pith
object wrapped inside of something; interior part (of certain things)
(dialect) bad (of skills); weak (of health)
(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) layer of fat between the skin and lean meat of livestock

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

瓤

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: にょう (nyō)、のう (nō)
Kan-on: じょう (jō)、どう (dō)
Kun: うりわた (uriwata, 瓤)