帆

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

帆 (Kangxi radical 50, 巾+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 中月竹弓戈 (LBHNI), four-corner 4721₀, composition ⿰巾凡)

Derived characters

𫁼

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 328, character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8787
Dae Jaweon: page 634, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 730, character 13
Unihan data for U+5E06

Chinese

simp. and trad.		帆
alternative forms		㠶忛𤖫䑺／𱼸𩗋㠶忛𤖫䑺／𱼸𩗋颿／帆篷 Min colloquial

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (凡) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
嵐	*b·ruːm
葻	*b·uːm
釩	*pʰomʔ
汎	pʰoms, bum
凡	*bom
帆	bom, boms
颿	bom, boms
軓	*bomʔ
梵	bloms, bum
芃	boːŋ, bum
風	plum, plums
飌	*plum
楓	*plum
猦	*plum
偑	*plum
檒	*plum
瘋	*plum
諷	*plums
堸	*blum
渢	*blum
鳳	*bums

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bom, *boms) : semantic 巾 (“cloth”) + phonetic 凡 (OC *bom).

Etymology 1

Related to 篷 (OC *boːŋ) (same word in the colloquial layer of Min), and probably related to 風 (OC *plum, “wind”) (Karlgren, 1957); if so, it may be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *buŋ (“wind”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): fān, fán

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢ, ㄈㄢˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fan²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): faan⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): fan³
Gan (Wiktionary): fan⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fàm

(Meixian, Guangdong): fam²
Jin (Wiktionary): fan¹
Northern Min (KCR): pông / uǎing
Eastern Min (BUC): pùng / huàng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): phâng / hoân

(Teochew, Peng'im): pang⁵ / huam⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶ve
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fan²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fān
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fan
  - Wade–Giles: fan¹
  - Yale: fān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fan
  - Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fán
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fán
  - Wade–Giles: fan²
  - Yale: fán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farn
  - Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: fan²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: faan⁴
  - Yale: fàahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: fan³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fan⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fàm
  - Hakka Romanization System: fam^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fam²
  - Sinological IPA: /fam¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fam²
  - Sinological IPA: /fam¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: fan¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /fæ̃¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pông / uǎing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔŋ³³/, /uaiŋ²¹/

Note:

pông - colloquial (篷);
uǎing - literary.

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: pùng / huàng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuŋ⁵³/, /huaŋ⁵³/

Note:

pùng - colloquial (篷);
huàng - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phâng / hoân
  - Tâi-lô: phâng / huân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phaang, hoaan
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pʰaŋ²⁴/, /huan²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰaŋ²⁴/, /huan²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰaŋ¹³/, /huan¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰaŋ²⁴/, /huan²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰaŋ²³/, /huan²³/

Note:

phâng - colloquial (篷);
hoân - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: pang⁵ / huam⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phâng / huâm
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaŋ⁵⁵/, /huam⁵⁵/

Note:

pang5 - colloquial (篷);
huam5 - literary.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ve
  - MiniDict: ve^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ve
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ve²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fan²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸan¹³/

Middle Chinese: bjom

Rime
Character	帆
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	凡 (146)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	符咸切
Baxter	bjom
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨɐm/
Pan Wuyun	/biɐm/
Shao Rongfen	/biɐm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buam/
Li Rong	/biɐm/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐm/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*bom/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	帆
Reading #	1/2
No.	2915
Phonetic component	凡
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	凡
Old Chinese	/*bom/
Notes	鹹手冊據切韻改䒦

Definitions

帆

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 帆 (“sail”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		帆, 船帆, 風帆
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	帆
	Harbin	帆
	Singapore	帆
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	帆
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	帆
Central Plains Mandarin	Xuzhou	帆
Central Plains Mandarin	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	風帳子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	帆
	Lanzhou	帆
	Ürümqi	船帆
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	帆
	Wuhan	篷
	Liuzhou	風篷, 篷
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	篷, 桅 suburbs
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	篷, 帆
Cantonese	Guangzhou	帆, 𢃇
	Hong Kong	帆, 𢃇
	Macau (Tanka)	𢃇
	Taishan	帆
	Kaiping (Chikan)	𢃇
	Dongguan	𢃇, 帆
Gan	Nanchang	篷
	Lichuan	風篷
	Pingxiang	篷, 風篷, 風篷子
Hakka	Meixian	風飛, 帆, 風篷
	Xingning	風篷
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	𢃇
	Huidong (Daling)	帆
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	風篷
	Changting	風篷
	Wuping	帆布
	Liancheng	風篷
	Ninghua	風篷
	Yudu	風篷
	Ruijin	風篷
	Shicheng	帆布
	Shangyou (Shexi)	帆
Jin	Taiyuan	篷
Jin	Xinzhou	帆
Northern Min	Jian'ou	篷
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	篷, 風篷
Southern Min	Xiamen	篷, 船篷
	Quanzhou	篷
	Zhangzhou	篷
	Dongshan	篷
	Tainan	篷
	Singapore (Hokkien)	篷
	Shantou	篷
	Jieyang	篷
	Leizhou	篷, 船篷
	Haikou	篷
Puxian Min	Putian	篷
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	帆, 𢃇
Wu	Shanghai	帆, 篷 dated
	Shanghai (Chongming)	船篷
	Suzhou	篷
	Danyang	篷
	Hangzhou	帆, 篷, 篷兒, 風篷兒
	Ningbo	篷, 風篷
	Wenzhou	篷
	Jinhua	風篷
Xiang	Changsha	風篷, 帆
Xiang	Loudi	風篷

Compounds

Descendants

→ Vietnamese: buồm (“sail”)

Etymology 2

Exoactive of etymology 1, increasing its transitivity.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): faan⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
  - Wade–Giles: fan⁴
  - Yale: fàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
  - Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: faan⁶
  - Yale: faahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn²²/

Middle Chinese: bjomH

Rime
Character	帆
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	凡 (146)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	扶泛切
Baxter	bjomH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨɐm^H/
Pan Wuyun	/biɐm^H/
Shao Rongfen	/biɐm^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buam^H/
Li Rong	/biɐm^H/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐm^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐm^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*boms/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	帆
Reading #	2/2
No.	2919
Phonetic component	凡
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	梵
Old Chinese	/*boms/
Notes	同梵見釋名

Definitions

帆

^† to sail; to drive a boat with a sail

Japanese

Kanji

帆

(Jōyō kanji)

sail

Readings

Go-on: ぼん (bon)^{←ぼん (bon, historical)}^{←ぼむ (bomu, ancient)}
Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)^{←はん (fan, historical)}^{←はむ (famu, ancient)}
Kun: ほ (ho, 帆, Jōyō)

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
帆
ほ Grade: S
kun'yomi

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

帆

Wikipedia ^ja

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ほ [hóꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
(Tokyo) ほ [hò] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ho̞]

Noun

帆(ほ) • (ho)

(nautical) sail

Derived terms

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

帆 • (beom) (hangeul 범, revised beom, McCune–Reischauer pŏm)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

帆: Hán Nôm readings: buồm, buồng, phàm

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 2.0 ^2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]