桅

Translingual

Han character

桅 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 木弓一山 (DNMU), four-corner 4791₂, composition ⿰木危)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 525, character 6
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14759
Dae Jaweon: page 914, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1203, character 1
Unihan data for U+6845

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (危) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
鮠	*ŋuːl
峞	ŋuːl, ŋuːlʔ
頠	ŋuːlʔ, ŋrolʔ
詭	*krolʔ
垝	krolʔ, krols
陒	*krolʔ
觤	*krolʔ
恑	*krolʔ
蛫	*krolʔ
祪	*krolʔ
洈	krolʔ, ŋrol
姽	krolʔ, ŋrolʔ
桅	*krolʔ
佹	*krolʔ
跪	kʰrolʔ, ɡrolʔ
危	*ŋrol
峗	*ŋrol
硊	*ŋrolʔ
卼	*kʰruls

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krolʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 危 (OC *ŋrol).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		桅

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wéi (wei²)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wei²

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): wéi
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wai⁴ / ngai⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): vei³
Gan (Wiktionary): ui⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ngùi

(Meixian, Guangdong): ngui²
Jin (Wiktionary): vei¹
Northern Min (KCR): ngṳ̌
Eastern Min (BUC): ùi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): gûi / ûi

(Teochew, Peng'im): ui⁵ / ngui⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶we
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): uei²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wéi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wéi
  - Wade–Giles: wei²
  - Yale: wéi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wei
  - Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: wei²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ui
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uei²¹/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: wéi
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): wei²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uəi²⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wai⁴ / ngai⁴
  - Yale: wàih / ngàih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wai⁴ / ngai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wei⁴ / ngei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯²¹/, /ŋɐi̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: vei³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vei²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ui⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngùi
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngui^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngui²
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋu̯i¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ngui²
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋuɪ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: vei¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /vei¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngṳ̌
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋy²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ùi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gûi
  - Tâi-lô: guî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: guii
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡui¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /ɡui²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡui²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûi
  - Tâi-lô: uî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uii
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /ui²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ui⁵ / ngui⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ûi / ngûi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui⁵⁵/, /ŋui⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶we
  - MiniDict: we^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhue
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦue²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: uei²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u̯e̞i̯¹³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 桅
Mandarin	Beijing	/uei³⁵/
	Harbin	/uei²¹³/
	Tianjin	/vei⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/vei⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/ve⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/uei⁴²/
	Xi'an	/uei²⁴/
	Xining	/uɨ²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/vei⁴⁴/ /vei⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/vei³¹/
	Ürümqi	/vei⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/uei²¹³/
	Chengdu	/uei³¹/
	Guiyang	/uei²¹/
	Kunming	/uei³¹/
	Nanjing	/uəi²⁴/
	Hefei	/ue⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/vei¹¹/
	Pingyao
	Hohhot	/vei³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦue²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦue̞¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦui²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/vai³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/ue⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/uei¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/uəi³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ui⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/ŋui¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wɐi²¹/
	Nanning	/ŋɐi²¹/
	Hong Kong	/wɐi²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/gui³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/uoi⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ŋy³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/ui⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ŋui³¹/

Middle Chinese: ngwoj

Rime
Character	桅
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五灰切
Baxter	ngwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋuʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋuoi/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋuɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋwəj/
Li Rong	/ŋuᴀi/
Wang Li	/ŋuɒi/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋuɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wéi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngoi⁴

Definitions

桅

mast (of a ship)
(suburban Nanjing Mandarin) sail

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 桅杆 (“mast”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		桅, 檣, 桅檣
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		桅杆, 桅檣, 船桅
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	桅杆
Northeastern Mandarin	Harbin	桅杆
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	桅杆
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	桅杆
Central Plains Mandarin	Xuzhou	桅杆
Lanyin Mandarin	Lanzhou	桅杆
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	桅杆
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	桅杆
	Wuhan	桅杆
	Liuzhou	桅桿
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	桅杆
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	桅杆
Cantonese	Dongguan	桅杆
Gan	Nanchang	桅杆
Gan	Lichuan	桅杆
Hakka	Yudu	桅杆
Jin	Taiyuan	桅杆
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	船桅杆
Southern Min	Xiamen	桅杆, 船桅, 篷桅, 大桅
	Quanzhou	桅杆
	Zhangzhou	桅杆
	Dongshan	桅
	Tainan	船桅
	Leizhou	船檣
	Haikou	檣, 船檣
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	桅桿
Wu	Shanghai	桅杆
	Suzhou	檣子
	Danyang	桅杆
	Hangzhou	桅杆
	Ningbo	桅杆
	Wenzhou	桅
	Jinhua	桅
Xiang	Changsha	桅杆
Xiang	Loudi	桅子

Dialectal synonyms of 帆 (“sail”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		帆, 船帆, 風帆
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	帆
	Harbin	帆
	Singapore	帆
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	帆
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	帆
Central Plains Mandarin	Xuzhou	帆
Central Plains Mandarin	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	風帳子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	帆
	Lanzhou	帆
	Ürümqi	船帆
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	帆
	Wuhan	篷
	Liuzhou	風篷, 篷
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	篷, 桅 suburbs
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	篷, 帆
Cantonese	Guangzhou	帆, 𢃇
	Hong Kong	帆, 𢃇
	Macau (Tanka)	𢃇
	Taishan	帆
	Kaiping (Chikan)	𢃇
	Dongguan	𢃇, 帆
Gan	Nanchang	篷
	Lichuan	風篷
	Pingxiang	篷, 風篷, 風篷子
Hakka	Meixian	風飛, 帆, 風篷
	Xingning	風篷
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	𢃇
	Huidong (Daling)	帆
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	風篷
	Changting	風篷
	Wuping	帆布
	Liancheng	風篷
	Ninghua	風篷
	Yudu	風篷
	Ruijin	風篷
	Shicheng	帆布
	Shangyou (Shexi)	帆
Jin	Taiyuan	篷
Jin	Xinzhou	帆
Northern Min	Jian'ou	篷
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	篷, 風篷
Southern Min	Xiamen	篷, 船篷
	Quanzhou	篷
	Zhangzhou	篷
	Dongshan	篷
	Tainan	篷
	Singapore (Hokkien)	篷
	Shantou	篷
	Jieyang	篷
	Leizhou	篷, 船篷
	Haikou	篷
Puxian Min	Putian	篷
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	帆, 𢃇
Wu	Shanghai	帆, 篷 dated
	Shanghai (Chongming)	船篷
	Suzhou	篷
	Danyang	篷
	Hangzhou	帆, 篷, 篷兒, 風篷兒
	Ningbo	篷, 風篷
	Wenzhou	篷
	Jinhua	風篷
Xiang	Changsha	風篷, 帆
Xiang	Loudi	風篷

Compounds

桅杆 (wéigān)
桅桿／桅杆
桅檣／桅樯 (wéiqiáng)
桅燈／桅灯
桅竿
桅索
檣桅／樯桅
眠桅
船桅 (chuánwéi)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		桅
alternative forms		𥍨

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guǐ (gui³)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄟˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guěi
  - Wade–Giles: kuei³
  - Yale: gwěi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goei
  - Palladius: гуй (guj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴/

Middle Chinese: kjweX

Rime
Character	桅
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	支 (14)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	過委切
Baxter	kjweX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiuᴇ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷᵚiɛ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuɛ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kjwiə̆^X/
Li Rong	/kjue^X/
Wang Li	/kǐwe^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/kwie̯^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwai²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*krolʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	桅
Reading #	1/1
No.	12776
Phonetic component	危
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	詭
Old Chinese	/*krolʔ/

Definitions

桅

^† short spear

Japanese

Kanji

桅

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): がい (gai)
Kun: くちなし (kuchinashi)

Vietnamese

Han character

桅: Hán Nôm readings: ngôi

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation