Sto dana
| Rat Sedme koalicije | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deo Napoleonskih ratova i koalicionih ratova | |||||||
 Bitka kod Vaterloa, slika Vilijama Sadlera II | |||||||
| |||||||
| Sukobljene strane | |||||||
| Jačina | |||||||
| 800.000—1.000.000[1] | 280.000[1] | ||||||
Sto dana (fr. les Cent-Jours IPA: [le sɑ̃ ʒuʁ]), takođe poznatо kao Rat Sedme koalicije, obeležilo je period između Napoleonovog povratka iz egzila sa ostrva Elbe u Pariz 20. marta 1815. i drugog vraćanja kralja Luja XVIII, 8. jula 1815. (period od 111 dana).[а] U ovom periodu se dogodio rat Sedme koalicije, koji uključuje Vaterlo kampanju,[2] Napuljski rat, kao i nekoliko drugih manjih kampanja. Izraz les Cent Jours (sto dana) prvi je upotrebio pariski prefekt grof Gaspar de Šabrolj, u svom govoru pri izražavanju dobrodošlice kralju po povratku kralja u Pariz 8. jula.[б]
Napoleon se vratio dok je zasedeo Kongres u Beču. Dana 13. marta, sedam dana pre nego što je Napoleon stigao do Pariza, vlasti na Bečkom kongresu proglasile su ga progranikom, a 25. marta Austrija, Pruska, Rusija i Velika Britanija, četiri velike sile i ključni članovi Sedme koalicije, su se obavezale da stave po 150.000 ljudi na teren svaka, kako bi okončali njegovu vladavinu.[5] Ovo je postavilo osnovu za poslednji sukob u Napoleonskim ratovima, poraz Napoleona u bici kod Vaterloa, drugo obnavljanje Francuskog kraljevstva i trajno izgnanstvo Napoleona na daleko ostrvo Sveta Jelena, gde je umro u maju 1821.
Vidi još
[уреди | уреди извор]Napomene
[уреди | уреди извор]- ^ Istorije se razlikuje u datumima početka i završetka Sto dana; drugi popularni period je od 1. marta, kada je Napoleon I sligao u Francusku, do svog poraza u Vaterlou 18. juna.
- ^ Luj XVIII je pobegao iz Pariza 19. marta.[3] Kada je 8. jula ušao u Pariz, grof Šabrolj, prefekt departmenta Sine, u pratnji opštinskog tela, obratio se Luju XVIII u ime svojih pratilaca, u govoru koji je započeo „Visočanstvo” - prošlo je stotinu dana od kada je vaše veličanstvo, bilo primorano da se odvoji od svojih najdražih naklonosti, napustilo prestonicu praćeno suzama i javnom preneraženošću. ...".[4]
Reference
[уреди | уреди извор]- ^ а б Chandler 1966, стр. 1015.
- ^ Beck 1911, "Waterloo Campaign".
- ^ Townsend 1862, стр. 355.
- ^ Gifford 1817, стр. 1511.
- ^ Hamilton-Williams 1996, стр. 59.
Literatura
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- Chandler, David (1966). The Campaigns of Napoleon. New York: Macmillan.
- Chandler, David (1981) [1980]. Waterloo: The Hundred Days. Osprey Publishing.
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- Chartrand, Rene (1998). British Forces in North America 1793–1815. Osprey Publishing.
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- Hofschroer, Peter (2006). 1815 The Waterloo Campaign: Wellington, his German allies and the Battles of Ligny and Quatre Bras. 1. Greenhill Books.
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- Овај чланак укључује текст из публикације која је сада у јавном власништву: Beck, Archibald Frank (1911). „Waterloo Campaign”. Ур.: Chisholm, Hugh. Encyclopædia Britannica (на језику: енглески). 28 (11 изд.). Cambridge University Press. стр. 371—381.
- Овај чланак укључује текст из публикације која је сада у јавном власништву: Rose, John Holland (1911). „Napoleon I.”. Ур.: Chisholm, Hugh. Encyclopædia Britannica (на језику: енглески). 19 (11 изд.). Cambridge University Press. стр. 190—211.
Spoljašnje veze
[уреди | уреди извор]
- Haweis, James Walter (1908), The campaign of 1815, chiefly in Flanders, Edinburgh and London, W. Blackwood and sons
- Booth, John (1815), The Battle of Waterloo: Containing the Accounts Published by Authority, British and Foreign, and Other Relative Documents, with Circumstantial Details, Previous and After the Battle, from a Variety of Authentic and Original Sources: to which is Added an Alphabetical List of the Officers Killed and Wounded, from 15th to 26th June, 1815, and the Total Loss of Each Regiment, London
- Hyde, Kelly, William (1905), The battle of Wavre and Grouchy's retreat: a study of an obscure part of the Waterloo campaign, London: J. Murray battle of Wavre
- Hooper, George (1862), Waterloo, the downfall of the first Napoleon: A History of the Campaign of 1815 (with maps and plans изд.), London: Smith, Elder and Company
