Дур

Дур у музици означава класу музичких лествица чија су оба тетракорда велика тј. једини полустепени им се налазе измећу трећег и четвртог, и између седмог и осмог (првог) тона.^[1] Квинтакорд дурске лествице чине једна велика терца и чиста квинта, у односу на први степен лествице.

Структура

Образац целих и полустепена карактеристичан за дурску скалу

Интервали од тоникске кључне ноте у правцу нагоре до другог, до трећег, до шестог и до седмог степена скале дурске лествице називају се дур.^[2]

Дур лествица је дијатонска лествица. Редослед интервала између нота дурске лествице је:

цело, цело, пола, цело, цело, цело, пола

где „цело“ означава цео тон (црвена крива у облику слова „U” на слици), а „пола“ означава полутон (црвена угаона линија на слици).^[3]

Однос према главним кључевима

Бројеви унутар круга показују број оштрица или равнина у потпису кључа, при чему оштре ноте иду у смеру казаљке на сату, а равне ноте у супротном смеру од казаљке на сату од Ц-дура (који нема оштрина или равнина.) Кружни распоред зависи од енхармонских односа у кругу, који се обично рачуна на шест оштрица или равнина за дурске тонове F♯ = G♭ и D♯ = E♭ за молске тонове.^[4] Седам оштрих тонова или равнина чине дурске тонове (C♯-дур или C♭-дур) који се могу погодније писати са пет равнина или оштрица (као D♭-дур или B-дур).

Шири смисао

Термин „дур лествица“ се користи и у називима неких других лествица чији први, трећи и пети степен чине дурски трозвук.

Хармонијска дурска лествица^[5]^[6] има молску шестину. Од хармонијске молске лествице се разликује само по подизању трећег степена.

${ \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \relative c' { \clef treble \time 7/4 c4^\markup { Harmonic major scale } d e f g aes b c } }$

Мелодична дурска лествица је комбинована лествица која иде као јонска узлазна и као еолска доминантна силазна. Разликује се од мелодијске молске лествице само по подизању трећег степена до дурске терце.^[7]

${ \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \relative c' { \clef treble \time 7/4 c4^\markup { Melodic major (ascending and descending) } d e f g a b c bes aes g f e d c } }$

Двострука хармонијска дурска лествица^[8] има молску секунду и молску шестину. То је пети мод мађарске молске лествице.

${ \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \relative c' { \clef treble \time 7/4 c4^\markup { Double harmonic major scale } des e f g aes b c } }$

Пример

Це-Дур лествица

Референце

^ Yamaguchi, Masaya (2006). The Complete Thesaurus of Musical Scales (Revised изд.). New York: Masaya Music Services. ISBN 0-9676353-0-6.
^ Benward, Bruce & Saker, Marilyn (2003). Music: In Theory and Practice, Vol. I, p. 52. Seventh Edition. ISBN 978-0-07-294262-0.
^ „Major scale | music”.
^ Drabkin, William (2001). „Circle of Fifths”. Ур.: Sadie, Stanley; Tyrrell, John. The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2nd изд.). London: Macmillan Publishers.
^ Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai (2005). Practical Manual of Harmony. Carl Fischer, LLC. ISBN 978-0-8258-5699-0.
^ Tymoczko, Dmitri (2011). „Chapter 4”. A Geometry of Music. New York: Oxford.
^ „Musicstudents.com - Free Sheet Music and Play-Along Soundfiles”. Архивирано из оригинала 2014-03-11. г. Приступљено 2014-03-13.
^ Stetina, Troy (1999). The Ultimate Scale Book. стр. 59. ISBN 0-7935-9788-9.

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