Mesinska kriza saliniteta

Hipoteza nastanka evaporata tijekom mesinske krize saliniteta u Sredozemlju

Mesinska kriza saliniteta (MKS), u posljednjoj fazi znana kao događaj Lago Mare, bio je geološki događaj tijekom kojeg je Sredozemno more prošlo kroz razdoblje djelomičnog ili gotovo potpuno isušivanja tijekom perioda mesina u miocenu, prije oko 5,96 do 5,33 milijuna godina. Taj proces je prekinula zanklijska poplava, kada se more iz Atlantika prelilo u mediteranski bazen, čime ga je spasilo.^[1]^[2]

Uzorci sedimenata ispod dubokog morskog dna Sredozemnog mora, koje uključuju minerale evaporata, tla i fosila biljaka, pokazuju da se prije oko 5,96 milijuna preteća gibraltarskog tjesnaca zatvorio te time prekinuo Sredozemno more od Atlantskog oceana. Sredozemlje je stoga s vremenom počelo isušivati i smanjivati se.^[3] Tjesnac se zatvorio po drugi puta prije oko 5,6 milijuna godina, a zbog suhih klimatskih prilika, Sredozemno more se gotovo potpuno isušilo za samo jedno tisućljeće, nakon čega je ostao suhi bazen koji je bio dubok i do 5 km ispod razine more, uz pojedine hiperslane džepove po uzoru na mrtvo more. Prije oko 5,5 milijuna godina, suha klima je prestala čime je taj bazen počeo dobivati više vode od rijeka, čime je voda postajala manje slana. Gibraltarski tjesnac se opet otvorio prije 5,33 milijuna godina, čime je nastala zanklijska poplava koja je obnovila Sredozemno more.^[4]

Čak i danas, Sredozemno more je slanije od sjevernog Atlantika zbog dugoročne izolacije i isparavanja. Vrlo je lako moguće da će se gibraltarski tjesnac opet zatvoriti u budućnosti, čime bi se opet mogla ponoviti situacija da Sredozemno more isuši za samo 1,000 godina.^[5] Nakon duga, u dalekoj budućnosti, nastavak micanja afričkog kontinenta prema sjeveru Europe mogao bi skroz izbrisati Sredozemno more.

Izvori

↑ Gautier, F., Clauzon, G., Suc, J.P., Cravatte, J., Violanti, D., 1994. Age and duration of the Messinian salinity crisis. C.R. Acad. Sci., Paris (IIA) 318, 1103–1109.
↑ Krijgsman, W.; Garcés, M.; Langereis, C.G.; Daams, R.; Van Dam, J.; Van Der Meulen, A.J.; Agustí, J.; Cabrera, L.; Langereis, C. G.; Daams, R.; Van Dam, J.; Van Der Meulen, A. J.; Agustí, J.; Cabrera, L. (1996). „A new chronology for the middle to late Miocene continental record in Spain”. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 142 (3–4): 367–380. Bibcode 1996E&PSL.142..367K. DOI:10.1016/0012-821X(96)00109-4. Pristupljeno 2008-03-01.
↑ Gargani J., Rigollet C. (2007). „Mediterranean Sea level variations during the Messinian Salinity Crisis.”. Geophysical Research Letters 34: L10405.
↑ Clauzon, Georges, Suc, Jean-Pierre, Gautier, François, Berger, André, Loutre, Marie-France; Suc; Gautier; Berger; Loutre (1996). „Alternate interpretation of the Messinian salinity crisis: Controversy resolved?” (abstract). Geology 24 (4): 363–366. Bibcode 1996Geo....24..363C. DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0363:AIOTMS>2.3.CO;2.
↑ "Only the inflow of Atlantic water maintains the present Mediterranean level. When that was shut off sometime between 6.5 to 6 MYBP, net evaporative loss set in at the rate of around 3,300 cubic kilometers yearly. At that rate, the 3.7 million cubic kilometres of water in the basin would dry up in scarcely more than a thousand years, leaving an extensive layer of salt some tens of meters thick and raising global sea level about 12 meters." Cloud, P. (1988). Oasis in space. Earth history from the beginning, New York: W.W. Norton & Co. Inc., 440. ISBN 0-393-01952-7

Eksterni linkovi

Arizona University: Geology 212, Lecture 17: "When the Mediterranean Dried Up Arhivirano 2010-05-23 na Wayback Machine-u". (Accessed 7/16/06)
The Messinian Salinity Crisis Ian West (Internet Archive copy)
A brief history of the Messinian on Sicily Rob Butler. Arhivirano 2011-08-11 na Wayback Machine-u
Messinian online Arhivirano 2009-03-02 na Wayback Machine-u

[1] Gautier, F., Clauzon, G., Suc, J.P., Cravatte, J., Violanti, D., 1994. Age and duration of the Messinian salinity crisis. C.R. Acad. Sci., Paris (IIA) 318, 1103–1109.

[Krijgsman1996-2] Krijgsman, W.; Garcés, M.; Langereis, C.G.; Daams, R.; Van Dam, J.; Van Der Meulen, A.J.; Agustí, J.; Cabrera, L.; Langereis, C. G.; Daams, R.; Van Dam, J.; Van Der Meulen, A. J.; Agustí, J.; Cabrera, L. (1996). „A new chronology for the middle to late Miocene continental record in Spain”. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 142 (3–4): 367–380. Bibcode 1996E&PSL.142..367K. DOI:10.1016/0012-821X(96)00109-4. Pristupljeno 2008-03-01.

[Gargani_J.,_Rigollet_C._2007_L10405-3] Gargani J., Rigollet C. (2007). „Mediterranean Sea level variations during the Messinian Salinity Crisis.”. Geophysical Research Letters 34: L10405.

[Clauzon1996-4] Clauzon, Georges, Suc, Jean-Pierre, Gautier, François, Berger, André, Loutre, Marie-France; Suc; Gautier; Berger; Loutre (1996). „Alternate interpretation of the Messinian salinity crisis: Controversy resolved?” (abstract). Geology 24 (4): 363–366. Bibcode 1996Geo....24..363C. DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0363:AIOTMS>2.3.CO;2.

[5] "Only the inflow of Atlantic water maintains the present Mediterranean level. When that was shut off sometime between 6.5 to 6 MYBP, net evaporative loss set in at the rate of around 3,300 cubic kilometers yearly. At that rate, the 3.7 million cubic kilometres of water in the basin would dry up in scarcely more than a thousand years, leaving an extensive layer of salt some tens of meters thick and raising global sea level about 12 meters." Cloud, P. (1988). Oasis in space. Earth history from the beginning, New York: W.W. Norton & Co. Inc., 440. ISBN 0-393-01952-7

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