GNAI2

Guanin nukleotid-vezujući protein (G protein), alfa inhibirajući polipeptid 2
Identifikatori
Simboli	GNAI2; GIP; GNAI2B; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1
Vanjski ID	OMIM: 139360 MGI: 95772 HomoloGene: 55539 GeneCards: GNAI2 Gene
Ontologija gena
Molekularna funkcija	• vezivanje nukleotida; • aktivnost GTPaze; • aktivnost prenosnika signala; • vezivanje proteina; • GTP vezivanje; • vezivanje guanil nukleotida;
Celularna komponenta	• heterotrimerni G-proteinski kompleks; • membrana plazme;
Biološki proces	• prenos signala; • signalni put G-protein spregnutog receptora; • G-protein signalizacija, put inhibicije adenilat ciklaze; • negativna regulacija aktivnosti adenilat ciklaze; • acetilholin receptorska signalizacija, muskarinski put; • respons na nutrijent; • ćelijska proliferacija;
Pregled RNK izražavanja
	podaci
Ortolozi

edit

GNAI2, Guanin nukleotid-vezujući protein G(i), alfa-2 podjedinica, je protein koji je kod ljudi kodiran GNAI2 genom.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Interakcije

Za GNAI2 je bilo pokazano da formira interakcije sa GPSM2,^[4]^[5] RIC8A,^[6] Interleukin 8 receptor, alpha,^[7]^[8] EYA2,^[9] RGS5^[10]^[11] i MDFI.^[12]

Literatura

↑ Didsbury JR, Ho YS, Snyderman R (Mar 1987). „Human Gi protein alpha-subunit: deduction of amino acid structure from a cloned cDNA”. FEBS Lett 211 (2): 160–4. DOI:10.1016/0014-5793(87)81428-X. PMID 3100330.
↑ Magovcevic I, Ang SL, Seidman JG, Tolman CJ, Neer EJ, Morton CC (Mar 1992). „Regional localization of the human G protein alpha i2 (GNAI2) gene: assignment to 3p21 and a related sequence (GNAI2L) to 12p12-p13”. Genomics 12 (1): 125–9. DOI:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90414-N. PMID 1733849.
↑ „Entrez Gene: GNAI2 Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2”.
↑ Marty, Caroline; Browning Darren D, Ye Richard D (June 2003). „Identification of tetratricopeptide repeat 1 as an adaptor protein that interacts with heterotrimeric G proteins and the small GTPase Ras”. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 23 (11): 3847–58. DOI:10.1128/MCB.23.11.3847-3858.2003. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 155206. PMID 12748287.
↑ Mochizuki, N; Cho G, Wen B, Insel P A (November 1996). „Identification and cDNA cloning of a novel human mosaic protein, LGN, based on interaction with G alpha i2”. Gene (NETHERLANDS) 181 (1-2): 39–43. DOI:10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00456-8. ISSN 0378-1119. PMID 8973305.
↑ Tall, Gregory G; Krumins Andrejs M, Gilman Alfred G (March 2003). „Mammalian Ric-8A (synembryn) is a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide exchange factor”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 278 (10): 8356–62. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M211862200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12509430.
↑ Damaj, B B; McColl S R, Neote K, Songqing N, Ogborn K T, Hébert C A, Naccache P H (October 1996). „Identification of G-protein binding sites of the human interleukin-8 receptors by functional mapping of the intracellular loops”. FASEB J. (UNITED STATES) 10 (12): 1426–34. ISSN 0892-6638. PMID 8903513.
↑ Damaj, B B; McColl S R, Mahana W, Crouch M F, Naccache P H (May 1996). „Physical association of Gi2alpha with interleukin-8 receptors”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 271 (22): 12783–9. DOI:10.1074/jbc.271.22.12783. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 8662698.
↑ Fan, X; Brass L F, Poncz M, Spitz F, Maire P, Manning D R (October 2000). „The alpha subunits of Gz and Gi interact with the eyes absent transcription cofactor Eya2, preventing its interaction with the six class of homeodomain-containing proteins”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 275 (41): 32129–34. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M004577200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10906137.
↑ Chen, C; Zheng B, Han J, Lin S C (March 1997). „Characterization of a novel mammalian RGS protein that binds to Galpha proteins and inhibits pheromone signaling in yeast”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (13): 8679–85. DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.13.8679. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9079700.
↑ Zhou, J; Moroi K, Nishiyama M, Usui H, Seki N, Ishida J, Fukamizu A, Kimura S (February 2001). „Characterization of RGS5 in regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling”. Life Sci. (England) 68 (13): 1457–69. DOI:10.1016/S0024-3205(01)00939-0. ISSN 0024-3205. PMID 11253162.
↑ Rual, Jean-François; Venkatesan Kavitha, Hao Tong, Hirozane-Kishikawa Tomoko, Dricot Amélie, Li Ning, Berriz Gabriel F, Gibbons Francis D, Dreze Matija, Ayivi-Guedehoussou Nono, Klitgord Niels, Simon Christophe, Boxem Mike, Milstein Stuart, Rosenberg Jennifer, Goldberg Debra S, Zhang Lan V, Wong Sharyl L, Franklin Giovanni, Li Siming, Albala Joanna S, Lim Janghoo, Fraughton Carlene, Llamosas Estelle, Cevik Sebiha, Bex Camille, Lamesch Philippe, Sikorski Robert S, Vandenhaute Jean, Zoghbi Huda Y, Smolyar Alex, Bosak Stephanie, Sequerra Reynaldo, Doucette-Stamm Lynn, Cusick Michael E, Hill David E, Roth Frederick P, Vidal Marc (October 2005). „Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network”. Nature (England) 437 (7062): 1173–8. DOI:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.

Dodatna literatura

Sidhu A, Niznik HB (2000). „Coupling of dopamine receptor subtypes to multiple and diverse G proteins.”. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 18 (7): 669–77. DOI:10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00033-2. PMID 10978845.
Offermanns S, Schultz G, Rosenthal W (1991). „Evidence for opioid receptor-mediated activation of the G-proteins, Go and Gi2, in membranes of neuroblastoma x glioma (NG108-15) hybrid cells.”. J. Biol. Chem. 266 (6): 3365–8. PMID 1671672.
Cormont M, Le Marchand-Brustel Y, Van Obberghen E, et al. (1991). „Identification of G protein alpha-subunits in RINm5F cells and their selective interaction with galanin receptor.”. Diabetes 40 (9): 1170–6. DOI:10.2337/diabetes.40.9.1170. PMID 1718802.
Bushfield M, Murphy GJ, Lavan BE, et al. (1990). „Hormonal regulation of Gi2 alpha-subunit phosphorylation in intact hepatocytes.”. Biochem. J. 268 (2): 449–57. PMC 1131453. PMID 2114093.
Lyons J, Landis CA, Harsh G, et al. (1990). „Two G protein oncogenes in human endocrine tumors.”. Science 249 (4969): 655–9. DOI:10.1126/science.2116665. PMID 2116665.
Osawa S, Dhanasekaran N, Woon CW, Johnson GL (1990). „G alpha i-G alpha s chimeras define the function of alpha chain domains in control of G protein activation and beta gamma subunit complex interactions.”. Cell 63 (4): 697–706. PMID 2121366.
McClue SJ, Milligan G (1990). „The alpha 2B adrenergic receptor of undifferentiated neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells, interacts directly with the guanine nucleotide binding protein, Gi2.”. FEBS Lett. 269 (2): 430–4. DOI:10.1016/0014-5793(90)81209-7. PMID 2169434.
Rudolph U, Koesling D, Hinsch KD, et al. (1989). „G-protein alpha-subunits in cytosolic and membranous fractions of human neutrophils.”. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 63 (1-2): 143–53. DOI:10.1016/0303-7207(89)90090-7. PMID 2502457.
Lang JC, Costa T (1990). „Distribution of the alpha-subunit of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gi2 and its comparison to G alpha o.”. J. Recept. Res. 9 (4-5): 313–29. PMID 2512386.
Itoh H, Toyama R, Kozasa T, et al. (1988). „Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs.”. J. Biol. Chem. 263 (14): 6656–64. PMID 2834384.
Weinstein LS, Spiegel AM, Carter AD (1988). „Cloning and characterization of the human gene for the alpha-subunit of Gi2, a GTP-binding signal transduction protein.”. FEBS Lett. 232 (2): 333–40. DOI:10.1016/0014-5793(88)80764-6. PMID 2837412.
Beals CR, Wilson CB, Perlmutter RM (1987). „A small multigene family encodes Gi signal-transduction proteins.”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (22): 7886–90. DOI:10.1073/pnas.84.22.7886. PMC 299440. PMID 3120178.
Williamson EA, Ince PG, Harrison D, et al. (1995). „G-protein mutations in human pituitary adrenocorticotrophic hormone-secreting adenomas.”. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 25 (2): 128–31. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1995.tb01537.x. PMID 7737262.
Takigawa M, Sakurai T, Kasuya Y, et al. (1995). „Molecular identification of guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins which couple to endothelin receptors.”. Eur. J. Biochem. 228 (1): 102–8. DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20236.x. PMID 7882989.
Grassie MA, Milligan G (1995). „Analysis of the relative interactions between the alpha 2C10 adrenoceptor and the guanine-nucleotide-binding proteins G(o)1 alpha and Gi 2 alpha following co-expression of these polypeptides in rat 1 fibroblasts.”. Biochem. J. 306 (Pt 2): 525–30. PMC 1136549. PMID 7887906.
Migeon JC, Thomas SL, Nathanson NM (1994). „Regulation of cAMP-mediated gene transcription by wild type and mutated G-protein alpha subunits. Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity by muscarinic receptor-activated and constitutively activated G(o) alpha.”. J. Biol. Chem. 269 (46): 29146–52. PMID 7961880.
Wennogle LP, Conder L, Winter C, et al. (1994). „Stabilization of C5a receptor--G-protein interactions through ligand binding.”. J. Cell. Biochem. 55 (3): 380–8. DOI:10.1002/jcb.240550316. PMID 7962171.
Valet P, Senard JM, Devedjian JC, et al. (1993). „Characterization and distribution of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in the human intestinal mucosa.”. J. Clin. Invest. 91 (5): 2049–57. DOI:10.1172/JCI116427. PMC 288203. PMID 8098045.

[pmid3100330-1] Didsbury JR, Ho YS, Snyderman R (Mar 1987). „Human Gi protein alpha-subunit: deduction of amino acid structure from a cloned cDNA”. FEBS Lett 211 (2): 160–4. DOI:10.1016/0014-5793(87)81428-X. PMID 3100330.

[pmid1733849-2] Magovcevic I, Ang SL, Seidman JG, Tolman CJ, Neer EJ, Morton CC (Mar 1992). „Regional localization of the human G protein alpha i2 (GNAI2) gene: assignment to 3p21 and a related sequence (GNAI2L) to 12p12-p13”. Genomics 12 (1): 125–9. DOI:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90414-N. PMID 1733849.

[3] „Entrez Gene: GNAI2 Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2”.

[pmid12748287-4] Marty, Caroline; Browning Darren D, Ye Richard D (June 2003). „Identification of tetratricopeptide repeat 1 as an adaptor protein that interacts with heterotrimeric G proteins and the small GTPase Ras”. Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 23 (11): 3847–58. DOI:10.1128/MCB.23.11.3847-3858.2003. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 155206. PMID 12748287.

[pmid8973305-5] Mochizuki, N; Cho G, Wen B, Insel P A (November 1996). „Identification and cDNA cloning of a novel human mosaic protein, LGN, based on interaction with G alpha i2”. Gene (NETHERLANDS) 181 (1-2): 39–43. DOI:10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00456-8. ISSN 0378-1119. PMID 8973305.

[pmid12509430-6] Tall, Gregory G; Krumins Andrejs M, Gilman Alfred G (March 2003). „Mammalian Ric-8A (synembryn) is a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide exchange factor”. J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 278 (10): 8356–62. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M211862200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12509430.

[pmid8903513-7] Damaj, B B; McColl S R, Neote K, Songqing N, Ogborn K T, Hébert C A, Naccache P H (October 1996). „Identification of G-protein binding sites of the human interleukin-8 receptors by functional mapping of the intracellular loops”. FASEB J. (UNITED STATES) 10 (12): 1426–34. ISSN 0892-6638. PMID 8903513.

[pmid8662698-8] Damaj, B B; McColl S R, Mahana W, Crouch M F, Naccache P H (May 1996). „Physical association of Gi2alpha with interleukin-8 receptors”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 271 (22): 12783–9. DOI:10.1074/jbc.271.22.12783. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 8662698.

[pmid10906137-9] Fan, X; Brass L F, Poncz M, Spitz F, Maire P, Manning D R (October 2000). „The alpha subunits of Gz and Gi interact with the eyes absent transcription cofactor Eya2, preventing its interaction with the six class of homeodomain-containing proteins”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 275 (41): 32129–34. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M004577200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10906137.

[pmid9079700-10] Chen, C; Zheng B, Han J, Lin S C (March 1997). „Characterization of a novel mammalian RGS protein that binds to Galpha proteins and inhibits pheromone signaling in yeast”. J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (13): 8679–85. DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.13.8679. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9079700.

[pmid11253162-11] Zhou, J; Moroi K, Nishiyama M, Usui H, Seki N, Ishida J, Fukamizu A, Kimura S (February 2001). „Characterization of RGS5 in regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling”. Life Sci. (England) 68 (13): 1457–69. DOI:10.1016/S0024-3205(01)00939-0. ISSN 0024-3205. PMID 11253162.

[pmid16189514-12] Rual, Jean-François; Venkatesan Kavitha, Hao Tong, Hirozane-Kishikawa Tomoko, Dricot Amélie, Li Ning, Berriz Gabriel F, Gibbons Francis D, Dreze Matija, Ayivi-Guedehoussou Nono, Klitgord Niels, Simon Christophe, Boxem Mike, Milstein Stuart, Rosenberg Jennifer, Goldberg Debra S, Zhang Lan V, Wong Sharyl L, Franklin Giovanni, Li Siming, Albala Joanna S, Lim Janghoo, Fraughton Carlene, Llamosas Estelle, Cevik Sebiha, Bex Camille, Lamesch Philippe, Sikorski Robert S, Vandenhaute Jean, Zoghbi Huda Y, Smolyar Alex, Bosak Stephanie, Sequerra Reynaldo, Doucette-Stamm Lynn, Cusick Michael E, Hill David E, Roth Frederick P, Vidal Marc (October 2005). „Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network”. Nature (England) 437 (7062): 1173–8. DOI:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]