Edmund Burke

Edmund Burke
Edmund Burke
Karya terkenal	A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful Reflections on the Revolution in France
Era	Abad-abad ke-18/-19
Falsafah	falsafah Barat
Sekolah	Konservatisme liberal
Kepentingan utama	Falsafah-falsafah sosial dan politik
Idea cemerlang	Serapan estetika, Sublim kesusasteraan
	Dipengaruhi David Hume; Edward Coke; Joshua Reynolds; William Blackstone; Samuel Johnson; ;
	Mempengaruhi John Stuart Mill; Immanuel Kant; Lord Acton; William Ewart Gladstone; Russell Kirk; Friedrich Hayek; William Wordsworth; Samuel Taylor Coleridge; Joseph de Maistre; Winston Churchill; Peter Hitchens; Roger Scruton; Thomas Sowell; ;

The Right Honourable
Edmund Burke
The Right Honourable Edmund Burke
	Potret s. 1767,; lukisan Joshua Reynolds (1723–1792)
Maklumat peribadi
Lahir	12 Januari 1729; Dublin, Ireland
Mati	9 Julai 1797 (umur 68); Beaconsfield, England
Parti politik	Parti Whig puak Rockingham (Rockinghamite)
Pasangan	Jane Mary Nugent (k. 1757)
Anak	Richard Burke Jr.
Tempat belajar	Trinity College, Dublin
Pekerjaan	penulis, ahli politik, wartawan, filsuf

Edmund Burke ([éd-mund bĕk]; 12 Januari [NS] 1729^{[nota 1]} – 9 Julai 1797) ialah seorang negarawan, penulis, pemidato, pakar teori politik dan ahli falsafah kelahiran Dublin, Ireland.^[3]^[4]^[5] Beliau menjadi ahli parlimen United Kingdom mewakili Parti Whig dalam Dewan Rakyat Great Britain antara tahun-tahun 1766 dan 1794.

Pemikiran beliau diamati ramai sebagai asas kepada fahaman politik konservatisme moden sejak abad ke-20.^[6]^[7]

Biografi

Awal hidup dan pendidikan

Sebagai Ahli Parlimen Great Britain

Keterlibatan dalam politik luar negara

Senja hidup

Pemikiran

Mengenai demokrasi

Mengenai peranan agama dalam masyarakat

Bibliografi

A Vindication of Natural Society (1756)
A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful (1757)
An Account of the European Settlement in America (1757)
The Abridgement of the History of England (1757)
Tracts on the Popery Laws (awal tahun 1760-an)
On the Present State of the Nation (1769)
Thoughts on the Cause of the Present Discontents (1770)
On American Taxation (1774)
Conciliation with the Colonies (1775)
A Letter to the Sheriffs of Bristol (1777)
Reform of the Representation in the House of Commons (1782)
Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790)
Letter to a Member of the National Assembly (1791)
Appeal from the New to the Old Whigs (1791)
Thoughts on French Affairs (1791)
Remarks on the Policy of the Allies (1793)
Letters on a Regicide Peace (1795–97)
Letter to a Noble Lord (1796)

Beliau turut menjadi penyunting untuk makalah Annual Register selama 30 tahun dari tahun 1758.

Nota

^
Tarikh kelahiran beliau tidak dapat dipastikan dengan tepatnya (sama ada 1728, 1729 mahupun 1730), lebih-lebih lagi dengan peralihan takwim digunakan di Kepulauan British dari takwim Julius kepada takwim Gregorius pada tahun 1752. Rujuk juga untuk maklumat lanjut:
- F. P. Lock, Edmund Burke. Volume I: 1730–1784 (Clarendon Press, 1999), m/s. 16–17. Conor Cruise O'Brien (2008; m/s. 14)

Rujukan

^ "Edmund Burke". Library Ireland. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 20 Oktober 2017. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan)
^ Lakoff, Sandoff. "Tocqueville, Burke, and the Origins of Liberal Conservatism". The review of politics. 60 (3): 435–46year=1998. doi:10.1017/S003467050002742X.
^ Clark 2001, p. 25: "Edmund Burke was an Irishman, born in Dublin but in an age before 'Celtic nationalism' had been constructed to make Irishness and Englishness incompatible: he was therefore free also to describe himself, without misrepresentation, as 'a loyalist being loyal to England' to denote his membership of the wider polity. He never attempted to disguise his Irishness (as some ambitious Scots in eighteenth-century England tried to anglicise their accents), did what he could in the Commons to promote the interests of his native country and was bitterly opposed to the Penal Laws against Irish Catholics."
^ Hitchens, Christopher (April 2004). "Reactionary Prophet". The Atlantic. Edmund Burke was neither an Englishman nor a Tory. He was an Irishman, probably a Catholic Irishman at that (even if perhaps a secret sympathiser), and for the greater part of his life he upheld the more liberal principles of the Whig faction.
^ "BBC - History - Edmund Burke". BBC. Dicapai pada May 18, 2018.
^ Heywood, Andrew (2003). Political Ideologies: An Introduction. edition=ke-3. Palgrave Macmillan. m/s. 74. Missing pipe in: |title= (bantuan)
^ F. P. Lock, Edmund Burke. Volume II: 1784–1797 (Clarendon Press, 2006), m/s. 585.

Bacaan lanjut

Lock, F. P. Edmund Burke. Volume I: 1730–1784 (Clarendon Press, 1999).
Lock, F. P. Edmund Burke. Volume II: 1784–1797 (Clarendon Press, 2006).
Conor Cruise O'Brien, The Great Melody. A Thematic Biography of Edmund Burke (1992).
Norman, Jesse. "www.ft.com Edmund Burke: The Visionary who Invented Modern Politics". William Collins, 2014.

Pautan luar

Karya-karya nukilan Burke dalam The Online Library of Liberty
Karya-karya oleh Edmund Burke di Projek Gutenberg
Karya oleh atau tentang Edmund Burke di Internet Archive
Karya oleh Edmund Burke di LibriVox (buku audio domain awam)
BBC – History – Edmund Burke

[3] Tarikh kelahiran beliau tidak dapat dipastikan dengan tepatnya (sama ada 1728, 1729 mahupun 1730), lebih-lebih lagi dengan peralihan takwim digunakan di Kepulauan British dari takwim Julius kepada takwim Gregorius pada tahun 1752. Rujuk juga untuk maklumat lanjut:
F. P. Lock, Edmund Burke. Volume I: 1730–1784 (Clarendon Press, 1999), m/s. 16–17. Conor Cruise O'Brien (2008; m/s. 14)

[2] F. P. Lock, Edmund Burke. Volume I: 1730–1784 (Clarendon Press, 1999), m/s. 16–17. Conor Cruise O'Brien (2008; m/s. 14)

[1] "Edmund Burke". Library Ireland. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 20 Oktober 2017. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan)

[2] Lakoff, Sandoff. "Tocqueville, Burke, and the Origins of Liberal Conservatism". The review of politics. 60 (3): 435–46year=1998. doi:10.1017/S003467050002742X.

[4] Clark 2001, p. 25: "Edmund Burke was an Irishman, born in Dublin but in an age before 'Celtic nationalism' had been constructed to make Irishness and Englishness incompatible: he was therefore free also to describe himself, without misrepresentation, as 'a loyalist being loyal to England' to denote his membership of the wider polity. He never attempted to disguise his Irishness (as some ambitious Scots in eighteenth-century England tried to anglicise their accents), did what he could in the Commons to promote the interests of his native country and was bitterly opposed to the Penal Laws against Irish Catholics."

[5] Hitchens, Christopher (April 2004). "Reactionary Prophet". The Atlantic. Edmund Burke was neither an Englishman nor a Tory. He was an Irishman, probably a Catholic Irishman at that (even if perhaps a secret sympathiser), and for the greater part of his life he upheld the more liberal principles of the Whig faction.

[6] "BBC - History - Edmund Burke". BBC. Dicapai pada May 18, 2018.

[7] Heywood, Andrew (2003). Political Ideologies: An Introduction. edition=ke-3. Palgrave Macmillan. m/s. 74. Missing pipe in: |title= (bantuan)

[8] F. P. Lock, Edmund Burke. Volume II: 1784–1797 (Clarendon Press, 2006), m/s. 585.

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