Saul (rex)

*David et Saul,* imago a Iulio Kronberg anno 1885 picta

Saul (Hebraice: שאול Šā’ûl vel Sha'ul) secundum Biblia Sacra fuit primus rex Israelis a propheta Samuele unctus, id est consecratus.

Regnum eius, veri similiter XI saeculo a.C.n. ^[1], transitio Israëlitarum a societate tribuaria ad imperium ordinatum existimari solet.^[2] Cum non sint fontes extra Biblia, disputatur, num Saul re vera vixerit.^[3] Secundum Biblia Saul a Samuele unctus ex loco Gabaa regnavit. Proelio ad Gelboe montem commisso, quo tres filii eius interfecti sunt, "arripuit Saul gladium et irruit super eum" (id est: voluntariam mortem sibi conscivit), ne in manus Philistaeorum incideret (I Sam 31,4). Filius superstes Isbaal et gener David de regno certaverunt; David victor prodiit.

Etymologia

Nomen Saul (Hebraice שָׁאוּל) a radice שׁאל š’l repetit, quae „rogare“ valet. Nomen est Participium passivum, inde Saul „(a Deo) rogatus“ verti potest. Hoc nomine, ut videtur, Deo pro partu felici gratiae actae sunt.

Narrationes biblicae

Narrationes biblicae de Saul in primo libro Samuelis inveniuntur.

Saul in musica

Henricus Sagittarius: Saul, Saul, was verfolgst Du mich? motetus SWV 415.
Henricus Purcell: guilty night (Saul and the Witch of Endor) Z134.
Georgius Fridericus Handelius: Saul. oratorium HWV 53.

Bibliographia

Klaus-Peter Adam (2007). Saul und David in der judäischen Geschichtsschreibung. Studien zu 1 Samuel 16 – 2 Samuel 5. Mohr Siebeck, Tubingae. ISBN 978-3-16-148932-7 (= Forschungen zum Alten Testament, vol. 51).
Hannes Bezzel (2015). Saul. Israels König in Tradition, Redaktion und früher Rezeption. Mohr Siebeck, Tubingae. ISBN 978-3-16-153684-7.
Walter Dietrich (2003). Die Herrschaft Sauls und der Norden Israels. In: Cornelis G. den Hertog u. a. (ed.): Saxa loquentur. Studien zur Archäologie Palästinas / Israels. Ugarit-Verlag, Monasterii (Germaniae), p. 39–59, ISBN 3-934628-34-6.
Diana Vikander Edelman (1992). Saul. In: Anchor Bible Dictionary (ABD). Vol. 5, Doubleday, Novi Eboraci / Londoinii. ISBN 0-385-19363-7, p. 989–999.
Israel Finkelstein / Neil A. Silberman (2006). David und Salomo. C. H. Beck, Monaci. ISBN 3-406-54676-5.

Notae

↑ Finkelstein, Israel (2006). "The Last Labayu: King Saul and the Expansion of the First North Israelite Territorial Entity". In Amit, Yairah; Ben Zvi, Ehud; Finkelstein, Israel; et al. (edd.). Essays on Ancient Israel in Its Near Eastern Context: A Tribute to Nadav Naʼaman. Eisenbrauns. pp. 171 ss. ISBN 9781575061283. Visum 2022-03-30.
↑ Van der Toorn, Karel (1993). "Saul and the rise of Israelite state religion". Vetus Testamentum. XLIII (4): 519–542. JSTOR 1518499.
↑ Vide iterum Finkelstein, Israel (2006); et: Baruch Halpern (2003). David's Secret Demons: Messiah, Murderer, Traitor, King. Wm. B. Eerdmans. pp. 208–211.

Nexus externus

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Saul spectant.

Siegfried Kreuzer, "SAUL" in Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon vol. 8 (Herzberg, 1994. ISBN 3-88309-053-0) , columnae 1423–1429 (Theodisce)
Siegfried Kreuzer: Saul. In: Michaela Bauks, Klaus Koenen, Stefan Alkier (Hrsg.): Das wissenschaftliche Bibellexikon im Internet (WiBiLex), Stuttgart 2006 ff.

[1] Finkelstein, Israel (2006). "The Last Labayu: King Saul and the Expansion of the First North Israelite Territorial Entity". In Amit, Yairah; Ben Zvi, Ehud; Finkelstein, Israel; et al. (edd.). Essays on Ancient Israel in Its Near Eastern Context: A Tribute to Nadav Naʼaman. Eisenbrauns. pp. 171 ss. ISBN 9781575061283. Visum 2022-03-30.

[2] Van der Toorn, Karel (1993). "Saul and the rise of Israelite state religion". Vetus Testamentum. XLIII (4): 519–542. JSTOR 1518499.

[3] Vide iterum Finkelstein, Israel (2006); et: Baruch Halpern (2003). David's Secret Demons: Messiah, Murderer, Traitor, King. Wm. B. Eerdmans. pp. 208–211.

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