[go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pre/wpaper/202419.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Can Municipal Bonds Hedge US State-Level Climate Risks?

Author

Listed:
  • Onur Polat

    (Department of Public Finance, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkiye)

  • Rangan Gupta

    (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa)

  • Oguzhan Cepni

    (Copenhagen Business School, Department of Economics, Porcelænshaven 16A, Frederiksberg DK-2000, Denmark; Ostim Technical University, Ankara, Turkiye)

  • Qiang Ji

    (Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China)

Abstract
Using daily data on municipal bonds and equity returns from the 50 US states over the period from May 2, 2006, to February 9, 2024, we find that barring extreme periods of financial, macroeconomic, and health crises, the underlying conditional correlation between these two assets is negative, as derived from the Asymmetric Dynamic Conditional Correlations (ADCC)-Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model. When we utilize the Quantile-on-Quantile (QQ) regression model to capture the effect of climate risk quantiles on the entire conditional distribution of the underlying time-varying stock-bond correlation, we generally observe a negative impact at different levels of climate risks, although this could turn positive in the event of extreme climate disasters. In summary, the role of municipal bonds as a hedge against climate risks cannot be denied, carrying important portfolio allocation implications for investors.

Suggested Citation

  • Onur Polat & Rangan Gupta & Oguzhan Cepni & Qiang Ji, 2024. "Can Municipal Bonds Hedge US State-Level Climate Risks?," Working Papers 202419, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:pre:wpaper:202419
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    To our knowledge, this item is not available for download. To find whether it is available, there are three options:
    1. Check below whether another version of this item is available online.
    2. Check on the provider's web page whether it is in fact available.
    3. Perform a search for a similarly titled item that would be available.

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cepni, Oguzhan & Demirer, Riza & Rognone, Lavinia, 2022. "Hedging climate risks with green assets," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    2. Lorenzo Cappiello & Robert F. Engle & Kevin Sheppard, 2006. "Asymmetric Dynamics in the Correlations of Global Equity and Bond Returns," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 4(4), pages 537-572.
    3. Darwin Choi & Zhenyu Gao & Wenxi Jiang, 2020. "Attention to Global Warming," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 33(3), pages 1112-1145.
    4. Michael Donadelli & Marcus Jüppner & Antonio Paradiso & Christian Schlag, 2021. "Computing Macro-Effects and Welfare Costs of Temperature Volatility: A Structural Approach," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 58(2), pages 347-394, August.
    5. Donadelli, M. & Jüppner, M. & Riedel, M. & Schlag, C., 2017. "Temperature shocks and welfare costs," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 331-355.
    6. Zintle Twala & Riza Demirer & Rangan Gupta, 2018. "Does Liquidity Risk Explain the Time-Variation in Asset Correlations? Evidence from Stocks, Bonds and Commodities," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 10(2), pages 120-132.
    7. George M. Korniotis & Alok Kumar, 2013. "State-Level Business Cycles and Local Return Predictability," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(3), pages 1037-1096, June.
    8. Michael Donadelli & Marcus Jüppner & Sergio Vergalli, 2022. "Temperature Variability and the Macroeconomy: A World Tour," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 83(1), pages 221-259, September.
    9. Gupta, Rangan & Kollias, Christos & Papadamou, Stephanos & Wohar, Mark E., 2018. "News implied volatility and the stock-bond nexus: Evidence from historical data for the USA and the UK markets," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 47, pages 76-90.
    10. Afees A. Salisu & Rangan Gupta & Ahamuefula E. Ogbonna, 2023. "Tail risks and forecastability of stock returns of advanced economies: evidence from centuries of data," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(4), pages 466-481, March.
    11. Mehmet Balcilar & David Gabauer & Rangan Gupta & Christian Pierdzioch, 2023. "Climate Risks and Forecasting Stock Market Returns in Advanced Economies over a Century," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-21, April.
    12. Afees A. Salisu & Christian Pierdzioch & Rangan Gupta & Reneé van Eyden, 2023. "Climate risks and U.S. stock‐market tail risks: A forecasting experiment using over a century of data," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 23(2), pages 228-244, June.
    13. Engle, Robert, 2002. "Dynamic Conditional Correlation: A Simple Class of Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity Models," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 20(3), pages 339-350, July.
    14. Painter, Marcus, 2020. "An inconvenient cost: The effects of climate change on municipal bonds," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(2), pages 468-482.
    15. Demirer, Riza & Gupta, Rangan, 2018. "Presidential cycles and time-varying bond–stock market correlations: Evidence from more than two centuries of data," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 36-39.
    16. Koenker, Roger W & Bassett, Gilbert, Jr, 1978. "Regression Quantiles," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(1), pages 33-50, January.
    17. Faccini, Renato & Matin, Rastin & Skiadopoulos, George, 2023. "Dissecting climate risks: Are they reflected in stock prices?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    18. Cepni, Oguzhan & Demirer, Riza & Pham, Linh & Rognone, Lavinia, 2023. "Climate uncertainty and information transmissions across the conventional and ESG assets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Rangan Gupta & Anandamayee Majumdar & Christian Pierdzioch & Onur Polat, 2024. "Climate Risks and Real Gold Returns over 750 Years," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-16, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Elie Bouri & Rangan Gupta & Asingamaanda Liphadzi & Christian Pierdzioch, 2024. "Forecasting Stock Returns Volatility of the G7 Over Centuries: The Role of Climate Risks," Working Papers 202424, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    2. Massimiliano Caporin & Petre Caraiani & Oguzhan Cepni & Rangan Gupta, 2024. "Predicting the Conditional Distribution of US Stock Market Systemic Stress: The Role of Climate Risks," Working Papers 202407, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    3. Rangan Gupta & Anandamayee Majumdar & Christian Pierdzioch & Onur Polat, 2024. "Climate Risks and Real Gold Returns over 750 Years," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-16, October.
    4. Matteo Foglia & Vasilios Plakandaras & Rangan Gupta & Qiang Ji, 2024. "Long-Span Multi-Layer Spillovers between Moments of Advanced Equity Markets: The Role of Climate Risks," Working Papers 202415, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    5. Pham, Linh & Kamal, Javed Bin, 2024. "Blessings or curse: How do media climate change concerns affect commodity tail risk spillovers?," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 34(C).
    6. Cepni, Oguzhan & Demirer, Riza & Pham, Linh & Rognone, Lavinia, 2023. "Climate uncertainty and information transmissions across the conventional and ESG assets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    7. Kejin Wu & Sayar Karmakar & Rangan Gupta & Christian Pierdzioch, 2023. "Climate Risks and Stock Market Volatility Over a Century in an Emerging Market Economy: The Case of South Africa," Working Papers 202326, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    8. Xin Sheng & Rangan Gupta & Wenting Liao & Oguzhan Cepni, 2024. "The Effects of Uncertainty on Economic Conditions across US States: The Role of Climate Risks," Working Papers 202410, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    9. Fava, Santino Del & Gupta, Rangan & Pierdzioch, Christian & Rognone, Lavinia, 2024. "Forecasting international financial stress: The role of climate risks," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    10. Polat, Onur & Demirer, Riza & Ekşi, İbrahim Halil, 2024. "What drives green betas? Climate uncertainty or speculation," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    11. Refk Selmi & Christos Kollias & Stephanos Papadamou & Rangan Gupta, 2017. "A Copula-Based Quantile-on-Quantile Regression Approach to Modeling Dependence Structure between Stock and Bond Returns: Evidence from Historical Data of India, South Africa, UK and US," Working Papers 201747, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    12. Dimic, Nebojsa & Piljak, Vanja & Swinkels, Laurens & Vulanovic, Milos, 2021. "The structure and degree of dependence in government bond markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    13. Badshah, Ihsan & Demirer, Riza & Suleman, Muhammad Tahir, 2019. "The effect of economic policy uncertainty on stock-commodity correlations and its implications on optimal hedging," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    14. Sebastien Valeyre & Sofiane Aboura & Denis Grebenkov, 2019. "The Reactive Beta Model," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 42(1), pages 71-113, March.
    15. Cepni, Oguzhan & Christou, Christina & Gupta, Rangan, 2023. "Forecasting national recessions of the United States with state-level climate risks: Evidence from model averaging in Markov-switching models," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    16. Oguzhan Cepni & Rangan Gupta & Wenting Liao & Jun Ma, 2024. "Climate risks and forecastability of the weekly state‐level economic conditions of the United States," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 24(1), pages 154-162, March.
    17. Filippo Natoli, 2023. "The macroeconomic effects of temperature surprise shocks," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1407, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    18. Long, Xiangdong & Su, Liangjun & Ullah, Aman, 2011. "Estimation and Forecasting of Dynamic Conditional Covariance: A Semiparametric Multivariate Model," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 29(1), pages 109-125.
    19. Nakagawa, Kei & Sakemoto, Ryuta, 2022. "Market uncertainty and correlation between Bitcoin and Ether," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    20. Semei Coronado & Rangan Gupta & Saban Nazlioglu & Omar Rojas, 2023. "Time‐varying causality between bond and oil markets of the United States: Evidence from over one and half centuries of data," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(3), pages 2239-2247, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Stocks and bonds returns; Time-varying conditional correlation; ADCC-GARCH; Climate risks; QQ regressions; US states;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • G10 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pre:wpaper:202419. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Rangan Gupta (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/decupza.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.