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The Power of the IUD: Effects of Expanding Access to Contraception Through Title X Clinics

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  • Andrea M. Kelly
  • Jason M. Lindo
  • Analisa Packham
Abstract
We estimate the effect of Colorado's Family Planning Initiative, the largest program to have focused on long-acting-reversible contraceptives in the United States, which provided funds to Title X clinics so that they could make these contraceptives available to low-income women. We find substantial effects on birth rates, concentrated among women in zip codes within 7 miles of clinics: the initiative reduced births by approximately 20 percent for 15-17 year olds and 18-19 year olds living in such zip codes. We also examine how extensive media coverage of the initiative in 2014 and 2015 altered its reach. After information spread about the availability and benefits of LARCs, we find a substantial increase in LARC insertions, extended effects on births among 15-17 year olds living greater than 7 miles from clinics, and significant reductions in births among 20–24 and 25–29 year olds.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea M. Kelly & Jason M. Lindo & Analisa Packham, 2019. "The Power of the IUD: Effects of Expanding Access to Contraception Through Title X Clinics," NBER Working Papers 25656, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:25656
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    Cited by:

    1. Melissa S. Kearney & Phillip B. Levine, 2023. "The US COVID-19 baby bust and rebound," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 36(4), pages 2145-2168, October.
    2. Zuleika Ferre & Patricia Triunfo & José‐Ignacio Antón, 2023. "Subdermal contraceptive implants and repeat teenage motherhood: Evidence from a major maternity hospital‐based program in Uruguay," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(12), pages 2679-2693, December.
    3. Lindo, Jason M. & Pineda-Torres, Mayra, 2021. "New Evidence on the Effects of Mandatory Waiting Periods for Abortion," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    4. Luca, Dara Lee & Stevens, Jack & Rotz, Dana & Goesling, Brian & Lutz, Robyn, 2021. "Evaluating teen options for preventing pregnancy: Impacts and mechanisms," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    5. Mookerjee, Mehreen & Ojha, Manini & Roy, Sanket, 2023. "Family planning practices: Examining the link between contraception and child health," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    6. Dench, Daniel & Pineda-Torres, Mayra & Myers, Caitlin Knowles, 2023. "The Effects of the Dobbs Decision on Fertility," IZA Discussion Papers 16608, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Dench, Daniel & Pineda-Torres, Mayra & Myers, Caitlin, 2024. "The effects of post-Dobbs abortion bans on fertility," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    8. Flynn, James, 2024. "Contraceptive Access Creates Positive Selection in Infant Health," IZA Discussion Papers 17320, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    9. Flynn, James, 2024. "Can Expanding Contraceptive Access Reduce Adverse Infant Health Outcomes?," IZA Discussion Papers 17146, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Pfeifer, Gregor & Stockburger, Mirjam, 2023. "The morning after: Prescription-free access to emergency contraceptive pills," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    11. Aaron M. Gamino, 2024. "The impact of juvenile curfews on teenage birth rates," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(7), pages 1528-1545, July.
    12. Lemont, Bethany, 2024. "The impact of Medicaid expansion and travel distance on access to transplantation," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J18 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Public Policy

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