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Migration, Sozialstaat und Zuwanderungspolitik

Author

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  • Bauer, Thomas K.

    (RWI)

Abstract
Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags wird die Frage analysiert, ob ein großzügig ausgestalteter Sozialstaat zusätzliche Wanderungsanreize generieren kann, die eine nennenswerte Zuwanderung in das Sozialversicherungssystem zur Folge hat. Darüber hinaus werden verschiedene Politikoptionen zur Einschränkung derartiger Zuwanderungsströme diskutiert. Ein Überblick der relevanten empirischen Literatur zeigt, dass der derzeit keine gesicherten Aussagen hinsichtlich der Effekte von Sozialversicherungssystemen auf die Wanderungsentscheidung von Individuen möglich sind. Die empirische Evidenz lässt jedoch vermuten, dass starke Effekte unwahrscheinlich sind. Es wird weiterhin aufgezeigt, dass die gestiegene Sozialhilfequote unter Ausländern in Deutschland zu einem Großteil historisch bedingt ist und angesichts einer sich fundamental ändernden Immigrationspolitik nicht auf zukünftige Zuwanderungsströme projiziert werden kann. Empirische Studien zu den Determinanten des Sozialhilfebezugs implizieren, dass eine auf die Arbeitsmarkt- und Integrationsfähigkeit von Migranten ausgerichtete selektive Zuwanderungspolitik, wie sie teilweise im neuen Zuwanderungsgesetz vorgesehen ist, dazu beitragen kann, das Sozialhilferisiko zukünftiger Zuwanderer zu verringern.

Suggested Citation

  • Bauer, Thomas K., 2002. "Migration, Sozialstaat und Zuwanderungspolitik," IZA Discussion Papers 505, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp505
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Thomas Bauer & Mathias Sinning, 2011. "The savings behavior of temporary and permanent migrants in Germany," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 24(2), pages 421-449, April.
    2. Meyer, Susanne, 2003. "Sozialausgaben in OECD-Staaten: Ein Pull-Effekt der Migration?," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 37303, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    3. Wolfgang Ochel, 2007. "The Free Movement of Inactive Citizens in the EU – A Challenge for the European Welfare State?," CESifo Working Paper Series 1930, CESifo.
    4. Schmähl, Winfried, 2008. "Immigration from outside Europe: chance or challenge for social security? Dimensions of a complex topic," Working papers of the ZeS 05/2008, University of Bremen, Centre for Social Policy Research (ZeS).
    5. Meyer, Susanne, 2003. "Sozialausgaben der OECD-Staaten: Ein Pull-Effekt der Migration?," Darmstadt Discussion Papers in Economics 124, Darmstadt University of Technology, Department of Law and Economics.
    6. DeVoretz, Don J. & Hinte, Holger & Werner, Christiane, 2002. "How Much Language is Enough? Some Immigrant Language Lessons from Canada and Germany," IZA Discussion Papers 555, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Sozialversicherungssystem; Zuwanderungspolitik; Migration;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H53 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers

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