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Le tissu productif numérique en France

Author

Listed:
  • Cyrielle Gaglio

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po, GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UniCA - Université Côte d'Azur)

  • Sarah Guillou

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

Abstract
Amorcée clairement au début des années 2000, la transformation numérique fait l'objet de nombreuses études qui en soulignent le caractère prometteur et exaltant (Brynjolfsson et MacAfee, 2014) bien que bouleversant et polarisant, appelant donc des adaptations des politiques publiques (Haskel et Westlake, 2018). Dans ce Policy brief, on s'intéresse à la dimension productive de cette transformation numérique. Cette dernière est au centre des débats sur les transformations du tissu productif, du marché de l'emploi, de la concentration du pouvoir économique et de l'énigme de la productivité. Pour en saisir les enjeux, il faut commencer par l'évaluer. Ce Policy brief propose une évaluation de la numérisation du tissu productif français en utilisant une grille sectorielle mais en doublant l'évaluation de la production de numérique par celle de la consommation des branches en numérique. Par l'entrée de la production, on capture la création de « matières premières » numériques : les ordinateurs, les puces, les éléments électroniques mais aussi les services d'ingénierie informatique, les logiciels, les services de télécommunications, etc. Par l'entrée de la consommation, nous mesurons l'intensité numérique par secteur qui rapporte la consommation intermédiaire du secteur en « matières premières » numérique au total de la consommation intermédiaire du secteur. Des comparaisons internationales permettent de situer la France relativement à ses principaux partenaires. Cette approche de la dimension numérique du tissu productif français permet d'établir que la France se situe dans une position médiane qui appelle une plus forte mobilisation des acteurs pour rejoindre les pays de tête. Comme ailleurs, le tissu productif français a profité, depuis le début des années 2000, de la baisse des prix des services des télécommunications et des prix du manufacturier numérique. L'accélération de la numérisation de l'économie passera par une augmentation de l'intensité numérique du tissu productif en services d'ingénierie informatique et numérique, ce qui contribuera à développer le secteur lui-même ainsi que les exportations de services. De la vitalité de ces services et de leur capacité à répondre aux besoins des autres secteurs dépendra la numérisation du tissu productif.

Suggested Citation

  • Cyrielle Gaglio & Sarah Guillou, 2018. "Le tissu productif numérique en France," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03471590, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-03471590
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://sciencespo.hal.science/hal-03471590
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gaulier, Guillaume & Zignago, Soledad, 2004. "Notes on BACI (analytical database of international trade). 1989-2002 version," MPRA Paper 32401, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Marcel P. Timmer & Erik Dietzenbacher & Bart Los & Robert Stehrer & Gaaitzen J. Vries, 2015. "An Illustrated User Guide to the World Input–Output Database: the Case of Global Automotive Production," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(3), pages 575-605, August.
    3. David M. Byrne & Carol Corrado, 2017. "ICT Asset Prices : Marshaling Evidence into New Measures," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2017-016, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    4. Cyrielle Gaglio & Sarah Guillou, 2018. "Le tissu productif numérique en France," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03471590, HAL.
    5. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/19151plnj79csrgmrv585qvrvn is not listed on IDEAS
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    Cited by:

    1. Raphaël Chiappini & Cyrielle Gaglio, 2024. "Digital intensity, trade costs and exports' quality upgrading," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(2), pages 709-747, February.
    2. Cyrielle Gaglio & Sarah Guillou, 2018. "Le tissu productif numérique en France," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03471590, HAL.
    3. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/19151plnj79csrgmrv585qvrvn is not listed on IDEAS
    4. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/19151plnj79csrgmrv585qvrvn is not listed on IDEAS

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