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Does the EU ETS Cause Carbon Leakage in European Manufacturing?

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  • Helene Naegele
  • Aleksandar Zaklan
Abstract
Carbon leakage is an issue of major interest in both academic and policy debates about the effectiveness of unilateral climate policy addressing global externalities. The debate is particularly salient in Europe, where the EU Emissions TradingSystem (EU ETS) covers emissions of many traded sectors. In a first step, we review how carbon leakage and the pollution haven effect are defined and identified in the literature. In a second step, we evaluate whether the emission cost introduced by the EU ETS has caused carbon leakage in European manufacturing. We compute trade flows in embodied carbon and value, using GTAP trade and input-output data and administrative data from the EU ETS. We evaluate theeffect of four measures of environmental stringency on both net trade flows and bilateral trade flows. We do not find evidence that the EU ETS has caused carbon leakage.

Suggested Citation

  • Helene Naegele & Aleksandar Zaklan, 2017. "Does the EU ETS Cause Carbon Leakage in European Manufacturing?," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1689, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwpp:dp1689
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Carbon leakage; pollution haven; EU ETS; cap-and-trade; CO2 emissions; policy evaluation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment
    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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