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Is the Selfish Life-Cycle Model More Applicable in Japan and, If So, Why? A Literature Survey

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  • Yuji Horioka, Charles
Abstract
The selfish life-cycle model or hypothesis is, together with the dynasty or altruism model, the most widely used theoretical model of household behavior in economics, but does this model apply in the case of a country like Japan, which is said to have closer family ties than other countries? In this paper, we first provide a brief exposition of the simplest version of the selfish life-cycle model and then survey the literature on household saving and bequest behavior in Japan in order to answer this question. The paper finds that almost all of the available evidence suggests that the selfish life-cycle model applies to at least some extent in all countries but that there is more consistent support for this model in Japan than in the United States and other countries. It then explores possible explanations for why the life-cycle model is more consistently supported in Japan than in other countries, attributing this finding to government policies, institutional factors, economic factors, demographic factors, and cultural factors. Finally, it shows that the findings of the paper have many important implications for economic modeling and for government tax and expenditure policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuji Horioka, Charles, 2020. "Is the Selfish Life-Cycle Model More Applicable in Japan and, If So, Why? A Literature Survey," AGI Working Paper Series 2020-18, Asian Growth Research Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:agi:wpaper:00000182
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    Cited by:

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    2. R. Anton Braun & Daisuke Ikeda, 2021. "Monetary Policy over the Lifecycle," IMES Discussion Paper Series 21-E-09, Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies, Bank of Japan.
    3. Charles Yuji Horioka, 2024. "Household Saving in Japan: The Past, Present, and Future," NBER Working Papers 33181, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Uchida, Yuki & Ono, Tetsuo, 2021. "Generational conflict and education politics: Implications for growth and welfare," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    5. Horioka, Charles Yuji & Gahramanov, Emin & Hayat, Aziz & Tang, Xueli, 2021. "The impact of bequest motives on labor supply and retirement behavior in Japan: A theoretical and empirical analysis," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    6. Charles Yuji Horioka & Luigi Ventura, 2024. "Why Do Europeans Save? Micro-Evidence from the Household Finance and Consumption Survey," ISER Discussion Paper 1251, Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University.
    7. Charles Yuji Horioka, 2024. "The Feldstein–Horioka Puzzle or Paradox after 44 years: a fallacy of composition," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 75(3), pages 383-404, July.
    8. Jung, Haeil & Kim, Jun Hyung & Hong, Gihyeon, 2023. "Impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on single-person households in South Korea," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    9. Reona Hagiwara, 2022. "Welfare Effects of Health Insurance Reform: The Role of Elastic Medical Demand," IMES Discussion Paper Series 22-E-05, Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies, Bank of Japan.
    10. Reona Hagiwara, 2023. "Aging, Health Risk, and Interest Rates," Working Papers 2303, Waseda University, Faculty of Political Science and Economics.
    11. Savu Rovanto & Max Finne, 2023. "What Motivates Entrepreneurs into Circular Economy Action? Evidence from Japan and Finland," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 184(1), pages 71-91, April.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Age structure; altruism; bequest motives; borrowing constraints; consumption; culture; dissaving; dynasty model; elderly; family ties; household saving; inheritances; intergenerational transfers; Japan; life-cycle model; religiosity; retirement; Ricardian equivalence; saving motives; selfishness; social norms; D11; D12; D14; D15; D64; E21; J14;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D11 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Theory
    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • D14 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Household Saving; Personal Finance
    • D15 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Intertemporal Household Choice; Life Cycle Models and Saving
    • D64 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Altruism; Philanthropy; Intergenerational Transfers
    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • J14 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped; Non-Labor Market Discrimination

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