[go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ist/ibsimj/v0y2020i88p21-55.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Influence of Advertising on Brand Equity of Chabahar Free Zone Tourism Destination (Iran)

Author

Listed:
  • Esen ŞAHİN

    (Selcuk University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Business Administration Department, Konya, Turkey)

  • Melis ATTAR

    (Selcuk University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, International Trade Department, Konya, Turkey)

  • Aboobakr NIAVAND

    (Selcuk University, Institute of Social Sciences, Turkey)

Abstract
The present empirical research is principally aimed to show the impact of advertisement on the brand equity of Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone (CFZ) of Iran as a tourism destination. The primary data were collected via a 24-item questionnaire possessing a five-point Likert scale. The scales used for the questionnaire were constructed by adapting the expressions used in previous studies. A pilot survey with 20 participants of tourists in CFZ was primarily carried out to examine the suitability of questionnaire structure, content validity, content comprehensiveness, terminology, comprehensibility, convenience, and speed of completing the questionnaire. The statistical population in this study includes all tourists in the CFZ. Since the statistical population is unknown, the probability random sampling technique was used in this study. In total, 384 samples were considered and 155 questionnaires were received. Of the considered questionnaires, 136 valid ones were used for data analysis. To calculate the reliability and ensure the questionnaire’s internal consistency, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients and composite reliability were utilized. The questionnaire’s validity was verified and approved by the convergent and divergent validity method. In this study, the hypotheses and fitting of the model were examined utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM). Moreover, Smart PLS software was utilize for analyzing the gathered data. In this study, it was proved that advertising has a considerable effect on brand equity. Moreover, the findings showed the importance of advertising in creating brand equity and confirmed that the value of brand equity could be improved by focusing on advertising.

Suggested Citation

  • Esen ŞAHİN & Melis ATTAR & Aboobakr NIAVAND, 2020. "The Influence of Advertising on Brand Equity of Chabahar Free Zone Tourism Destination (Iran)," Istanbul Management Journal, Istanbul University Business School, vol. 0(88), pages 21-55, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:ist:ibsimj:v:0:y:2020:i:88:p:21-55
    DOI: 10.26650/imj.2020.88.0002
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1179943
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/imj/issue/55667/761422
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.26650/imj.2020.88.0002?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Aboobakr Niavand & Habibollah Salarzehi & Mohammad Nabi Shahiki Tash, 2014. "A Study of Strategic Role of Chabahar Free Zone on Tourism Industry Development Using SWOT Model in Iran," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 4(2), pages 202-216, February.
    2. Lee Cronbach, 1951. "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 16(3), pages 297-334, September.
    3. Yoganathan, Dhanushanthini & Jebarajakirthy, Charles & Thaichon, Paramaporn, 2015. "The influence of relationship marketing orientation on brand equity in banks," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 14-22.
    4. Lee, Sangjae & Jeon, Sungil & Kim, Doyoung, 2011. "The impact of tour quality and tourist satisfaction on tourist loyalty: The case of Chinese tourists in Korea," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 32(5), pages 1115-1124.
    5. Milgrom, Paul & Roberts, John, 1986. "Price and Advertising Signals of Product Quality," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 94(4), pages 796-821, August.
    6. Hosany, Sameer & Ekinci, Yuksel & Uysal, Muzaffer, 2006. "Destination image and destination personality: An application of branding theories to tourism places," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 59(5), pages 638-642, May.
    7. J. Ramsay, 1973. "The effect of number of categories in rating scales on precision of estimation of scale values," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 38(4), pages 513-532, December.
    8. Carol J. Simon & Mary W. Sullivan, 1993. "The Measurement and Determinants of Brand Equity: A Financial Approach," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 12(1), pages 28-52.
    9. Anand, Punam & Holbrook, Morris B & Stephens, Debra, 1988. "The Formation of Affective Judgments: The Cognitive-Affective Model versus the Independence Hypothesis," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 15(3), pages 386-391, December.
    10. Singfat Chu & Hean Keh, 2006. "Brand value creation: Analysis of the Interbrand-Business Week brand value rankings," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 323-331, December.
    11. Macdonald, Emma K. & Sharp, Byron M., 2000. "Brand Awareness Effects on Consumer Decision Making for a Common, Repeat Purchase Product:: A Replication," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 5-15, April.
    12. Kim, Kyung Hoon & Kim, Kang Sik & Kim, Dong Yul & Kim, Jong Ho & Kang, Suk Hou, 2008. "Brand equity in hospital marketing," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 61(1), pages 75-82, January.
    13. James Anderson & David Gerbing, 1984. "The effect of sampling error on convergence, improper solutions, and goodness-of-fit indices for maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 49(2), pages 155-173, June.
    14. García, Juan A. & Gómez, Mar & Molina, Arturo, 2012. "A destination-branding model: An empirical analysis based on stakeholders," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 646-661.
    15. Buil, Isabel & de Chernatony, Leslie & Martínez, Eva, 2013. "Examining the role of advertising and sales promotions in brand equity creation," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(1), pages 115-122.
    16. Chen, Ching-Fu & Chen, Fu-Shian, 2010. "Experience quality, perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intentions for heritage tourists," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 29-35.
    17. Kirmani, Amna & Wright, Peter, 1989. "Money Talks: Perceived Advertising Expense and Expected Product Quality," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 16(3), pages 344-353, December.
    18. Laroche, Michel & Kim, Chankon & Zhou, Lianxi, 1996. "Brand familiarity and confidence as determinants of purchase intention: An empirical test in a multiple brand context," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 115-120, October.
    19. Archibald, Robert B & Haulman, Clyde A & Moody, Carlisle E, Jr, 1983. "Quality, Price, Advertising, and Published Quality Ratings," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 9(4), pages 347-356, March.
    20. Rob Bailey & Stephen Ball, 2006. "An exploration of the meanings of hotel brand equity," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(1), pages 15-38, January.
    21. Barbara Carroll & Aaron Ahuvia, 2006. "Some antecedents and outcomes of brand love," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 79-89, April.
    22. Stefan Markovic & Oriol Iglesias & Jatinder Jit Singh & Vicenta Sierra, 2018. "How does the Perceived Ethicality of Corporate Services Brands Influence Loyalty and Positive Word-of-Mouth? Analyzing the Roles of Empathy, Affective Commitment, and Perceived Quality," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 148(4), pages 721-740, April.
    23. C. Clark & Ulrich Doraszelski & Michaela Draganska, 2009. "The effect of advertising on brand awareness and perceived quality: An empirical investigation using panel data," Quantitative Marketing and Economics (QME), Springer, vol. 7(2), pages 207-236, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Amin Ansary & Nik M. Hazrul Nik Hashim, 2018. "Brand image and equity: the mediating role of brand equity drivers and moderating effects of product type and word of mouth," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 969-1002, October.
    2. Buil, Isabel & de Chernatony, Leslie & Martínez, Eva, 2013. "Examining the role of advertising and sales promotions in brand equity creation," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(1), pages 115-122.
    3. Rajesh Sharma, 2017. "Building Customer-based Brand Equity of Domestic Brands: Role of Brand Equity Dimensions," Metamorphosis: A Journal of Management Research, , vol. 16(1), pages 45-59, June.
    4. Laurent Cavenaile & Pau Roldan-Blanco, 2021. "Advertising, Innovation, and Economic Growth," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 13(3), pages 251-303, July.
    5. Khaled Obaid & Kuntara Pukthuanthong, 2021. "Informativeness of mutual fund advertisements: Does advertising communicate fund quality to investors?," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 50(1), pages 203-236, March.
    6. Sarker, Moniruzzaman & Mohd-Any, Amrul Asraf & Kamarulzaman, Yusniza, 2021. "Validating a consumer-based service brand equity (CBSBE) model in the airline industry," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    7. Dirk Crass & Dirk Czarnitzki & Andrew A. Toole, 2019. "The Dynamic Relationship Between Investments in Brand Equity and Firm Profitability: Evidence Using Trademark Registrations," International Journal of the Economics of Business, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(1), pages 157-176, January.
    8. Homburg, Christian & Klarmann, Martin & Schmitt, Jens, 2010. "Brand awareness in business markets: When is it related to firm performance?," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 201-212.
    9. Bagwell, Kyle & Ramey, Garey, 1993. "Advertising as Information: Matching Products to Buyers," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 2(2), pages 199-243, Summer.
    10. Tsuen-Ho Hsu & Li-Chu Hung & Jia-Wei Tang, 2012. "An analytical model for building brand equity in hospitality firms," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 195(1), pages 355-378, May.
    11. Kuntner, Tobias, 2017. "Price promotions and brand equity: the role of brand types," EconStor Preprints 157296, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    12. Shu-Hsien Liao & Da-Chian Hu & Huan-Lun Chou, 2022. "Consumer Perceived Service Quality and Purchase Intention: Two Moderated Mediation Models Investigation," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(4), pages 21582440221, December.
    13. Chen, Ching-Fu & Phou, Sambath, 2013. "A closer look at destination: Image, personality, relationship and loyalty," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 269-278.
    14. Sandeep Kumar & Sidheswar Patra, 2017. "Does Promotion Mix Really Help to Enhance Brand Equity: A Literature Review," Indian Journal of Commerce and Management Studies, Educational Research Multimedia & Publications,India, vol. 8(2), pages 80-86, May.
    15. Rajesh Sharma, 2020. "Building Consumer-based Brand Equity for Fast Fashion Apparel Brands in the Indian Consumer Market," Management and Labour Studies, XLRI Jamshedpur, School of Business Management & Human Resources, vol. 45(3), pages 337-365, August.
    16. María Dolores Benítez-Márquez & Guillermo Bermúdez-González & Eva María Sánchez-Teba & Elena Cruz-Ruiz, 2021. "Exploring the Antecedents of Cruisers’ Destination Loyalty: Cognitive Destination Image and Cruisers’ Satisfaction," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-24, May.
    17. Rajesh Sharma, 2017. "Understanding the Role of Store Image in Influencing Customer-based Brand Equity and Its Dimensions in Indian Sportswear Industry," Management and Labour Studies, XLRI Jamshedpur, School of Business Management & Human Resources, vol. 42(3), pages 167-189, August.
    18. Régis Chenavaz & Sajjad M. Jasimuddin, 2017. "An analytical model of the relationship between product quality and advertising," Post-Print hal-01685892, HAL.
    19. José Álvarez-García & María del Carmen Cortés-Domínguez & María de la Cruz del Río-Rama & Biagio Simonetti, 2020. "Influence of brand equity on the behavioral attitudes of customers: Spanish Tourist Paradores," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 54(5), pages 1401-1427, December.
    20. Kilian, Karsten & Müller, Michael, 2016. "Markencontrolling: Markenerfolg messbar machen," PraxisWISSEN Marketing: German Journal of Marketing, AfM – Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Marketing, vol. 1(01/2016), pages 1-21.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ist:ibsimj:v:0:y:2020:i:88:p:21-55. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Ertugrul YASAR (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/isisttr.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.