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Untraditional caring arrangements among parents living apart

Author

Listed:
  • Ragni Hege Kitterød

    (Institutt for samfunnsforskning (Institute for Social Research))

  • Jan Lyngstad

    (Statistisk sentralbyrå (Statistics Norway))

Abstract
Background: In spite of quite symmetric parental roles in Norway, shared residence and father sole custody are still rare when parents split up. Several countries have witnessed an increase in shared residence for children recently, and this is also the case in Norway. Objective: We wish to add to the literature on untraditional caring arrangements among parents living apart by examining the determinants of shared residence and sole father custody in Norway, a country with high gender-equality ambitions. Methods: Based on a survey from 2004 with a unique sample of former couples, we ran multinomial logistic regressions estimating the odds of shared residence rather than mother sole custody, and the odds of father sole custody rather than mother sole custody. Results: Shared residence is particularly likely when the father has a reasonable income, the mother is highly educated, the mother is currently married, and the parents have no other children in their households. Father sole custody is most likely when the mother’s income is low and the father’s high, the child is a boy and at least ten years old, the father is single and there are other children in the mother’s household. Conclusions: Despite more equal parental roles in couples in recent decades, most children still live mainly with their mother when parents split up in Norway. However, visiting arrangements with fathers are extensive. More parents will probably opt for shared residence in the years to come.

Suggested Citation

  • Ragni Hege Kitterød & Jan Lyngstad, 2012. "Untraditional caring arrangements among parents living apart," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 27(5), pages 121-152.
    • Handle: RePEc:dem:demres:v:27:y:2012:i:5
    DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2012.27.5
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Elizabeth Cooksey & Patricia Craig, 1998. "Parenting from a distance: The effects of paternal characteristics on contact between nonresidential fathers and their children," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 35(2), pages 187-200, May.
    2. Maria Cancian & Daniel Meyer, 1998. "Who gets custody?," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 35(2), pages 147-157, May.
    3. Laurent Toulemon & Sophie Pennec, 2010. "Multi-residence in France and Australia," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 23(1), pages 1-40.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Lara Augustijn, 2023. "Mothers’ Economic Well-Being in Sole and Joint Physical Custody Families," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 44(1), pages 53-64, March.
    2. Elina Vinberg & Rannveig Kaldager Hart & Torkild H. Lyngstad, 2015. "Increasingly stable or more stressful? Children and union dissolution across four decades Evidence from Norway," Discussion Papers 814, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
    3. Mats Lillehagen & Martin Arstad Isungset, 2020. "New Partner, New Order? Multipartnered Fertility and Birth Order Effects on Educational Achievement," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 57(5), pages 1625-1646, October.
    4. Daniel R. Meyer & Marcia Carlson & Md Moshi Ul Alam, 2022. "Increases in shared custody after divorce in the United States," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 46(38), pages 1137-1162.
    5. Ragni Hege Kitterød & Jan Lyngstad, 2014. "Characteristics of parents with shared residence and father sole custody. Evidence from Norway 2012," Discussion Papers 780, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
    6. Carole Bonnet & Bertrand Garbinti & Anne Solaz, 2022. "Does Part-Time Mothering Help Get a Job? The Role of Shared Custody in Women’s Employment," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 38(5), pages 885-913, December.
    7. Ragni Hege Kitterød & Jan Lyngstad, 2013. "Comparing mothers' and fathers' reports on the non-resident father's contact with his children," Discussion Papers 744, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
    8. Jani Turunen & Maria Brandén & Karin Lundström, 2023. "Geographical distance between child and parent after a union dissolution in Sweden, 1974–2011," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 48(17), pages 439-482.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    divorce; gender equality; father sole custody; parents living apart; partnership dissolution; shared residence;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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