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The Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks in Bangladesh: An Agnostic Identification Procedure

Author

Listed:
  • Ataur Rahaman

    (Bangladesh Bank (Central Bank of Bangladesh), Dhaka, Bangladesh.)

  • Roberto Leon-Gonzalez

    (National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS), Tokyo, Japan.)

Abstract
This paper analyzes the macroeconomic effects of fiscal shocks in Bangladesh using the sign restriction approach in a Bayesian structural vector autoregression (SVAR) framework. We identify a generic business cycle shock to deal with the endogenous movement of fiscal variables along with a monetary policy shock to absorb the variations due to those shocks. Both unanticipated and anticipated fiscal shocks, that is, government expenditure and revenue shocks, are also identified by minimal sign restrictions. In identifying those shocks, we do not impose any restrictions on the sign of the key variable of interest. We find that private investment and consumption significantly increase due to expansionary government expenditure shock. Such an increase in private consumption is consistent with neo-Keynesian prediction. The fall in output due to the tax increase shock is highly robust. Private consumption also decreases due to a tax increase, although investment does not. The results suggest that fiscal policy, especially tax policy, is more effective than monetary policy in stabilizing output. Moreover, the fiscal authority could increase government expenditure without hurting private investment.

Suggested Citation

  • Ataur Rahaman & Roberto Leon-Gonzalez, 2020. "The Effects of Fiscal Policy Shocks in Bangladesh: An Agnostic Identification Procedure," GRIPS Discussion Papers 20-08, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies.
    • Handle: RePEc:ngi:dpaper:20-08
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    3. Jianqing Zhang & Enze Gong & Fangheng Tong & Shuting Li, 2022. "Is a Pleasant Policy Environment Conducive to Green Growth of Central China?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-22, June.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Fiscal policy; Monetary policy; Business cycle; Bayesian VAR; Sign restrictions; Bangladesh; Fiscal shocks; Tax policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • H20 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - General
    • H30 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - General
    • H50 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - General

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