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Las Reformas Estructurales en América Latina: Qué Se Ha Reformado y Cómo Medirlo

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  • Lora, Eduardo
Abstract
Este documento es una actualización del trabajo original, y tiene como objeto describir y medir el avance de las reformas estructurales, utilizando para ello un índice de políticas estructurales que resume el estado de progreso de las políticas en las áreas comercial, financiera, tributaria, privatizaciones y laboral. Un artículo paralelo utiliza este índice para evaluar el efecto de las reformas estructurales sobre el crecimiento, la productividad y la inversión en América Latina. El índice se basa directamente en variables de política como las mencionadas. El índice permite comparar el estado de las distintas áreas de política dentro de un mismo país o de cada política entre países. En una escala que va de 0 a 1, el índice promedio para todos los países y todas las áreas de política estructural se encontraba en un nivel de 0,34 en 1985.Al terminar la década de los noventa llegaba a 0,58. Este cambio implica un progreso apreciable, pero también refleja el hecho de que aún queda un potencial importante por explotar.

Suggested Citation

  • Lora, Eduardo, 2001. "Las Reformas Estructurales en América Latina: Qué Se Ha Reformado y Cómo Medirlo," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 2152, Inter-American Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:brikps:2152
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eduardo Lora, 1997. "A Decade of Structural Reform in Latin America: What Has Been Reformed and How to Measure It," Research Department Publications 4074, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    2. Carmen Pagés-Serra, 2000. "The Cost of Job Security Regulation: Evidence from Latin American Labor Markets," Economía Journal, The Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association - LACEA, vol. 0(Fall 2000), pages 109-154, August.
    3. Eduardo Lora & Ugo Panizza, 2002. "Structural Reforms in Latin America under Scrutiny," Research Department Publications 4303, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
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    9. Jeffrey D. Sachs & Andrew Warner, 1995. "Economic Reform and the Process of Global Integration," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 26(1, 25th A), pages 1-118.
    10. Francisco Rodríguez & Dani Rodrik, 2001. "Trade Policy and Economic Growth: A Skeptic's Guide to the Cross-National Evidence," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2000, Volume 15, pages 261-338, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    12. Easterly, William & Loayza, Norman & Montiel, Peter, 1997. "Has Latin America's post-reform growth been disappointing?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(3-4), pages 287-311, November.
    13. Eduardo Lora, 1997. "A Decade of Structural Reform in Latin America: What Has Been Reformed and How to Measure It," Research Department Publications 4074, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    14. Jong-Wha Lee, 1993. "International Trade, Distortions, and Long-Run Economic Growth," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 40(2), pages 299-328, June.
    15. Eduardo Lora & Felipe Barrera, 1997. "El crecimiento económico en América Latina después de una década de reformas estructurales," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, September.
    16. Dani Rodrik, 1996. "Understanding Economic Policy Reform," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 34(1), pages 9-41, March.
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    4. Joaquín Vial & Cristobal Aninat & John Landregan & Patricio Navia, 2006. "Political Institutions, Policymaking Processes and Policy Outcomes in Chile," Research Department Publications 3222, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    5. Rhenals M., Remberto & Castano, Elkin & López, Hugo, 2004. "La reforma laboral de 2002 y sus impactos: in medio stat virtus," Perfil de Coyuntura Económica, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, November.
    6. Hernando Zuleta & Orlando Gracia, 2004. "The Free Trade Agreement between Colombia and USA: What can happen to Colombia?," Investigación Económica en Colombia 3594, Fundación Pondo.
    7. Daniel Toro González & Martha Elena Doria, 2010. "La curva de Laffer y la optimización del recaudo tributario en Cartagena, Colombia," Revista Economía y Región, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, vol. 4(1), pages 73-100, June.
    8. Orlando Gracia & Hernando Zuleta, 2009. "Tratado de Libre Comercio entre Colombia y Estados Unidos: ¿Qué impacto puede tener en Colombia?," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, June.
    9. Joaquín Vial & Cristobal Aninat & John Landregan & Patricio Navia, 2006. "Instituciones políticas, procesos de diseño de políticas y resultados de las políticas en Chile," Research Department Publications 3223, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    10. Schweickert, Rainer & Thiele, Rainer, 2004. "From Washington to post-Washington? Consensus policies and divergent developments in Latin America and Asia," Kiel Discussion Papers 408, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    11. Liliana Rojas-Suarez, 2002. "Towards a Sustainable FTAA: DOes Latin America Meet the Necessary Financial Preconditions?," Working Paper Series WP02-4, Peterson Institute for International Economics.
    12. Toro González, Daniel & Doria, Martha, 2007. "La Curva de Laffer y la optimización del recaudo tributario en Cartagena de Indias [The Laffer Courve and government optimization of the tax revenues: The Cartagena de Indias case]," MPRA Paper 2703, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Miguel Székely & Pamela Mendoza, 2017. "Declining inequality in Latin America: structural shift or temporary phenomenon?," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(2), pages 204-221, April.

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