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The jobs at risk from globalization: the French case

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  • Catherine Laffineur
  • El Mouhoud
Abstract
This article analyzes the effect of outward foreign direct investment (FDI) on the workforce composition in French firms. We use a detailed employer-employee database constructed with four comprehensive datasets of French manufacturing firms over the period 2002–2007, in order to analyze changes in the workforce composition in terms of skills and tasks. To deal with endogeneity issues, we propose an IV strategy where the level of infrastructure and GDP per capita in the host countries are used as instruments. The fixed effect results show that FDI to low-income countries raises significantly the share of executives and reduces the share of blue-collar workers in company workforces in France. Outward FDI to high-income countries affects negatively the share of workers performing non-routine manual tasks. When controlling for endogeneity, the IV results further show an overall positive effect of offshoring for employees performing interactive and analytical tasks, such as engineers and managers. Copyright Kiel Institute 2015

Suggested Citation

  • Catherine Laffineur & El Mouhoud, 2015. "The jobs at risk from globalization: the French case," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 151(3), pages 477-531, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:weltar:v:151:y:2015:i:3:p:477-531
    DOI: 10.1007/s10290-015-0221-1
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    2. Galbis, Eva Moreno, 2020. "Differences in work conditions between natives and immigrants: preferences vs. outside employment opportunities," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    3. Borrs, Linda & Eppelsheimer, Johann, 2020. "The effects of foreign direct investment on job stability: Upgrades, downgrades, and separations," IAB-Discussion Paper 202024, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    4. Hugues Jennequin & Luis Miotti & El Mouhoub Mouhoud, 2017. "Measurement and anticipation of territorial vulnerability to offshoring risks : An analysis on sectoral data for France," Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE), issue 497-498, pages 123-144.
    5. Catherine Laffineur & Alexandre Gazaniol, 2019. "Foreign direct investment and wage dispersion: Evidence from French employer-employee data," International Economics, CEPII research center, issue 157, pages 203-226.
    6. Eva Moreno‐Galbis & Jeremy Tanguy & Ahmed Tritah & Catherine Laffineur, 2019. "Immigrants’ Wage Performance in a Routine Biased Technological Change Era: France 1994–2012," Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 58(4), pages 623-673, October.
    7. Liao, Hongwei & Yang, Liangping & Dai, Shuanping & Van Assche, Ari, 2021. "Outward FDI, industrial structure upgrading and domestic employment: empirical evidence from the Chinese economy and the belt and road initiative," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    8. Eva Moreno Galbis & Felipe Trillos Carranza, 2023. "The birthplace bias of teleworking: Consequences for working conditions," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 37(2), pages 280-318, June.
    9. Charlie Joyez & Raja Kali & Catherine Laffineur, 2023. "Occupational Coherence and Local Labor Market Performance: Evidence from France," GREDEG Working Papers 2023-20, Groupe de REcherche en Droit, Economie, Gestion (GREDEG CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur, France.
    10. Koerner, Konstantin & Borrs, Linda & Eppelsheimer, Johann, 2023. "FDI and onshore job stability: Upgrades, downgrades, and separations in multinationals," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    11. Teruyama, Hiroshi & Goto, Yasuo & Lechevalier, Sebastien, 2018. "Firm-level labor demand for and macroeconomic increases in non-regular workers in Japan," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 90-105.
    12. Yongmin Zhang & Yong Chen & Renyi Zhang & Wenjun Tu & Yingxue Zhao, 2024. "Outward foreign direct investment productivity along the belt and road," Economics and Politics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(2), pages 959-988, July.
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    14. Antonia Lòpez-Villavicencio & Luis Antonio Reyes Ortiz, 2018. "Is globalisation taking away jobs? An empirical assessment for advanced economies," Working Papers halshs-01895223, HAL.
    15. Eva Moreno Galbis & Felipe Trillos Carranza, 2023. "The birthplace bias of teleworking: Consequences for working conditions," Post-Print hal-04167186, HAL.
    16. Sébastien Lechevalier, 2015. "Globalization and labor market outcomes: de-industrialization, job security, and wage inequalities—introduction by guest editor," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 151(3), pages 405-408, August.

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    15. Schäffler, Johannes, 2016. "German Direct Investments in the Czech Republic – Employment Effects on German Multinational Enterprises," VfS Annual Conference 2016 (Augsburg): Demographic Change 145526, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    16. Eliasson, Kent & Hansson, Pär & Lindvert, Markus, 2018. "Decomposing value chains within Swedish multinationals," Working Papers 2018:9, Örebro University, School of Business.
    17. Konstantin Koerner & Mathilde Le Moigne, 2023. "FDI and onshore task composition: evidence from German firms with affiliates in the Czech Republic," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 57(1), pages 1-42, December.
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    19. Ronald B Davies & Rodolphe Desbordesz, 2012. "Greenfield FDI and Skill Upgrading," Working Papers 201209, School of Economics, University College Dublin.
    20. Schäffler, Johannes & Moritz, Michael, 2018. "German FDI in the Czech Republic - Employment effects in the home country," IAB-Discussion Paper 201806, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].

    More about this item

    Keywords

    FDI; Tasks; Inequality; Trade and labor market; J21; J24; F16; F14;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade

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