[go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/inm/oropre/v54y2006i6p1098-1109.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Monopolistic and Oligopolistic Stochastic Flow Revenue Management Model

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaowei Xu

    (Department of Management Science and Information Systems, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey 07102)

  • Wallace J. Hopp

    (Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208)

Abstract
This paper studies a one-shot inventory replenishment problem with dynamic pricing. The customer arrival rate is assumed to follow a geometric Brownian motion. Homogeneous customers have an isoelastic demand function and do not behave strategically. We find a closed-form optimal pricing policy, which utilizes current demand information. Under this pricing policy the inventory trajectory is deterministic, and a retailer sells all inventory. We show that dynamic pricing coordinated with the inventory decision achieves significantly higher profits than does static pricing. Furthermore, under oligopolistic competition we establish a weak perfect Bayesian equilibrium for the price and inventory replenishment game. We find the pricing equilibrium to be cooperative even in a noncooperative environment, but that inventory competition results in overstock and damages profits. Finally, we examine the trade-off between dynamic pricing and price precommitment and find that flexible pricing is still beneficial, provided competition is not too intense.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaowei Xu & Wallace J. Hopp, 2006. "A Monopolistic and Oligopolistic Stochastic Flow Revenue Management Model," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 54(6), pages 1098-1109, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:inm:oropre:v:54:y:2006:i:6:p:1098-1109
    DOI: 10.1287/opre.1060.0336
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.1060.0336
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1287/opre.1060.0336?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nicholas C. Petruzzi & Maqbool Dada, 1999. "Pricing and the Newsvendor Problem: A Review with Extensions," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 47(2), pages 183-194, April.
    2. J. Michael Harrison & Michael I. Taksar, 1983. "Instantaneous Control of Brownian Motion," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 8(3), pages 439-453, August.
    3. Piccione, Michele & Rubinstein, Ariel, 1997. "On the Interpretation of Decision Problems with Imperfect Recall," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 20(1), pages 3-24, July.
    4. Carl Davidson & Raymond Deneckere, 1986. "Long-Run Competition in Capacity, Short-Run Competition in Price, and the Cournot Model," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 17(3), pages 404-415, Autumn.
    5. Drew Fudenberg & David Levine & Eric Maskin, 2008. "The Folk Theorem With Imperfect Public Information," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Drew Fudenberg & David K Levine (ed.), A Long-Run Collaboration On Long-Run Games, chapter 12, pages 231-273, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    6. Fernando Bernstein & Awi Federgruen, 2004. "Dynamic inventory and pricing models for competing retailers," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 51(2), pages 258-274, March.
    7. Serguei Netessine & Robert A. Shumsky, 2005. "Revenue Management Games: Horizontal and Vertical Competition," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(5), pages 813-831, May.
    8. Guillermo Gallego & Garrett van Ryzin, 1994. "Optimal Dynamic Pricing of Inventories with Stochastic Demand over Finite Horizons," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 40(8), pages 999-1020, August.
    9. J. Michael Harrison & Thomas M. Sellke & Allison J. Taylor, 1983. "Impulse Control of Brownian Motion," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 8(3), pages 454-466, August.
    10. Bikhchandani, Sushil & Mamer, John W., 1993. "A duopoly model of pricing for inventory liquidation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(2), pages 177-186, September.
    11. Fernando Bernstein & Awi Federgruen, 2005. "Decentralized Supply Chains with Competing Retailers Under Demand Uncertainty," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(1), pages 18-29, January.
    12. Serguei Netessine & Nils Rudi, 2003. "Centralized and Competitive Inventory Models with Demand Substitution," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 51(2), pages 329-335, April.
    13. René Caldentey & Lawrence M. Wein, 2006. "Revenue Management of a Make-to-Stock Queue," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 54(5), pages 859-875, October.
    14. Kandori, Michihiro, 2002. "Introduction to Repeated Games with Private Monitoring," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 102(1), pages 1-15, January.
    15. Kalyan Raman & Rabikar Chatterjee, 1995. "Optimal Monopolist Pricing Under Demand Uncertainty in Dynamic Markets," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 41(1), pages 144-162, January.
    16. Gabriel Bitran & René Caldentey, 2003. "An Overview of Pricing Models for Revenue Management," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 5(3), pages 203-229, August.
    17. Siddharth Mahajan & Garrett van Ryzin, 2001. "Inventory Competition Under Dynamic Consumer Choice," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 49(5), pages 646-657, October.
    18. Wedad Elmaghraby & P{i}nar Keskinocak, 2003. "Dynamic Pricing in the Presence of Inventory Considerations: Research Overview, Current Practices, and Future Directions," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 49(10), pages 1287-1309, October.
    19. Steven A. Lippman & Kevin F. McCardle, 1997. "The Competitive Newsboy," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 45(1), pages 54-65, February.
    20. David M. Kreps & Jose A. Scheinkman, 1983. "Quantity Precommitment and Bertrand Competition Yield Cournot Outcomes," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 14(2), pages 326-337, Autumn.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ayelet Israeli & Fiona Scott-Morton & Jorge Silva-Risso & Florian Zettelmeyer, 2022. "How Market Power Affects Dynamic Pricing: Evidence from Inventory Fluctuations at Car Dealerships," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(2), pages 895-916, February.
    2. Ouardighi, Fouad El & Sim, Jeong Eun & Kim, Bowon, 2016. "Pollution accumulation and abatement policy in a supply chain," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 248(3), pages 982-996.
    3. Torsten J. Gerpott & Jan Berends, 2022. "Competitive pricing on online markets: a literature review," Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(6), pages 596-622, December.
    4. Jian Yang & Yusen Xia & Xiangtong Qi & Yifeng Liu, 2014. "A nonatomic‐game model for timing clearance sales under competition," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 61(5), pages 365-385, August.
    5. Sato, Kimitoshi, 2019. "Price Trends and Dynamic Pricing in Perishable Product Market Consisting of Superior and Inferior Firms," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 274(1), pages 214-226.
    6. Sato, Kimitoshi & Sawaki, Katsushige, 2013. "A continuous-time dynamic pricing model knowing the competitor’s pricing strategy," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 229(1), pages 223-229.
    7. Zhao, Xuan & Atkins, Derek & Hu, Ming & Zhang, Wensi, 2017. "Revenue management under joint pricing and capacity allocation competition," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 257(3), pages 957-970.
    8. Benny Mantin & Daniel Granot & Frieda Granot, 2011. "Dynamic pricing under first order Markovian competition," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 58(6), pages 608-617, September.
    9. Chua, Geoffrey A. & Mokhlesi, Reza & Sainathan, Arvind, 2017. "Optimal Discounting and Replenishment Policies for Perishable Products," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 8-20.
    10. Yuri Levin & Jeff McGill & Mikhail Nediak, 2009. "Dynamic Pricing in the Presence of Strategic Consumers and Oligopolistic Competition," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 55(1), pages 32-46, January.
    11. Mak, Vincent & Rapoport, Amnon & Gisches, Eyran J., 2012. "Competitive dynamic pricing with alternating offers: Theory and experiment," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 75(1), pages 250-264.
    12. Dasci, A. & Karakul, M., 2009. "Two-period dynamic versus fixed-ratio pricing in a capacity constrained duopoly," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 197(3), pages 945-968, September.
    13. Lingxiu Dong & Panos Kouvelis & Zhongjun Tian, 2009. "Dynamic Pricing and Inventory Control of Substitute Products," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 11(2), pages 317-339, December.
    14. Guillermo Gallego & Ming Hu, 2014. "Dynamic Pricing of Perishable Assets Under Competition," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 60(5), pages 1241-1259, May.
    15. Yi Zheng & Zehao Li & Peng Jiang & Yijie Peng, 2024. "Dual-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Pricing and Replenishment," Papers 2410.21109, arXiv.org.
    16. Qian Liu & Dan Zhang, 2013. "Dynamic Pricing Competition with Strategic Customers Under Vertical Product Differentiation," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 59(1), pages 84-101, August.
    17. Li, Mengmeng & Mizuno, Shinji, 2022. "Comparison of dynamic and static pricing strategies in a dual-channel supply chain with inventory control," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    18. Jian Yang, 2015. "Analysis of Markovian Competitive Situations using Nonatomic Games," Papers 1510.06813, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2017.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dasci, A. & Karakul, M., 2009. "Two-period dynamic versus fixed-ratio pricing in a capacity constrained duopoly," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 197(3), pages 945-968, September.
    2. Evan L. Porteus & Hyoduk Shin & Tunay I. Tunca, 2010. "Feasting on Leftovers: Strategic Use of Shortages in Price Competition Among Differentiated Products," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 12(1), pages 140-161, November.
    3. Lin, Kyle Y. & Sibdari, Soheil Y., 2009. "Dynamic price competition with discrete customer choices," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 197(3), pages 969-980, September.
    4. Marcus, Benjamin & Anderson, Chris K., 2008. "Revenue management for low-cost providers," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 188(1), pages 258-272, July.
    5. Lingxiu Dong & Panos Kouvelis & Zhongjun Tian, 2009. "Dynamic Pricing and Inventory Control of Substitute Products," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 11(2), pages 317-339, December.
    6. Zhu, Chenbo & Hu, JianQiang, 2020. "Revenue management games with government mandate," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    7. Francis de Véricourt & Miguel Sousa Lobo, 2009. "Resource and Revenue Management in Nonprofit Operations," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 57(5), pages 1114-1128, October.
    8. Harborne W. Stuart, Jr., 2005. "Biform Analysis of Inventory Competition," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 7(4), pages 347-359, July.
    9. Wallace J. Hopp & Xiaowei Xu, 2008. "A Static Approximation for Dynamic Demand Substitution with Applications in a Competitive Market," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 56(3), pages 630-645, June.
    10. Vishal Gaur & Young-Hoon Park, 2007. "Asymmetric Consumer Learning and Inventory Competition," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 53(2), pages 227-240, February.
    11. Wei Shi Lim, 2009. "Overselling in a Competitive Environment: Boon or Bane?," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 28(6), pages 1129-1143, 11-12.
    12. Dongling Cai & Li Jiang, 2020. "The Bright and Dark Sides of Customer Switching," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 29(6), pages 1381-1396, June.
    13. Vettas, Nikolaos & Kotseva, Rossitsa & Christou, Charalambos, 2007. "Pricing, Investments and Mergers with Intertemporal Capacity Constraints," CEPR Discussion Papers 6433, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    14. Tamer Boyacı & Özalp Özer, 2010. "Information Acquisition for Capacity Planning via Pricing and Advance Selling: When to Stop and Act?," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 58(5), pages 1328-1349, October.
    15. Georgia Perakis & Melvyn Sim & Qinshen Tang & Peng Xiong, 2023. "Robust Pricing and Production with Information Partitioning and Adaptation," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(3), pages 1398-1419, March.
    16. Houyuan Jiang & Zhan Pang, 2011. "Network capacity management under competition," Computational Optimization and Applications, Springer, vol. 50(2), pages 287-326, October.
    17. Straubert, Christian & Sucky, Eric, 2023. "Inventory competition on electronic marketplaces – A competitive newsvendor problem with a unilateral sales commission fee," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 309(2), pages 656-670.
    18. Amr Farahat & Woonghee Tim Huh & Hongmin Li, 2019. "On the Relationship Between Quantity Precommitment and Cournot Games," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 67(1), pages 109-122, January.
    19. Wen Chen & Adam J. Fleischhacker & Michael N. Katehakis, 2015. "Dynamic pricing in a dual‐market environment," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 62(7), pages 531-549, October.
    20. Zhao, Xuan & Atkins, Derek & Hu, Ming & Zhang, Wensi, 2017. "Revenue management under joint pricing and capacity allocation competition," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 257(3), pages 957-970.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:inm:oropre:v:54:y:2006:i:6:p:1098-1109. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Chris Asher (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/inforea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.