航

Translingual

Han character

航 (Kangxi radical 137, 舟+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹卜卜竹弓 (HYYHN), four-corner 2041₇, composition ⿰舟亢)

Derived characters

𦶢

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1009, character 27
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30385
Dae Jaweon: page 1467, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3058, character 2
Unihan data for U+822A

Chinese

trad.		航
simp. ^#		航

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (亢) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
笐	kaːŋ, ɡaːŋs
亢	kaːŋ, kʰaːŋs
牨	*kaːŋ
苀	kaːŋ, ɡaːŋ
魧	kaːŋ, ɡaːŋ
迒	kaːŋ, ɡaːŋ
邟	kʰaːŋ, kʰaːŋs, *ɡaːŋ
忼	kʰaːŋʔ, qʰaːŋ
骯	kʰaːŋʔ, ɡaːŋʔ, *qaːŋ
抗	kʰaːŋs, ɡaːŋ
炕	kʰaːŋs, qʰaːŋ
伉	*kʰaːŋs
閌	*kʰaːŋs
犺	*kʰaːŋs
蚢	kʰaːŋs, ɡaːŋ, *ɡaːŋʔ
砊	kʰaːŋs, kʰraːŋ
阬	kʰaːŋs, kʰraːŋ
頏	kʰaːŋs, ɡaːŋ
航	*ɡaːŋ
杭	*ɡaːŋ
沆	ɡaːŋ, ɡaːŋʔ
肮	*ɡaːŋ
吭	ɡaːŋ, ɡaːŋʔ, *ɡaːŋs
秔	*kraːŋ
坑	*kʰraːŋ
劥	*kʰraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːŋ) : semantic 舟 (“boat”) + phonetic 亢 (OC *kaːŋ, *kʰaːŋs).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): háng (hang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hong⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hòng
Eastern Min (BUC): hòng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hâng / hông

(Teochew, Peng'im): hang⁵ / pang⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶ghaon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: háng
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: háng
  - Wade–Giles: hang²
  - Yale: háng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harng
  - Palladius: хан (xan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hong⁴
  - Yale: hòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: hong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: hong^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hong²
  - Sinological IPA: /hoŋ¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /houŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâng
  - Tâi-lô: hâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: haang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /haŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /haŋ²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /haŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông
  - Tâi-lô: hông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoong
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /hɔŋ²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hang⁵ / pang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hâng / phâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haŋ⁵⁵/, /pʰaŋ⁵⁵/

Note: pang5 - vernacular (俗) (etymological character may be 帆 (pang5)).

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶ghaon
  - MiniDict: ghaon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhaan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦɑ̃²³/

Middle Chinese: hang

Rime
Character	航
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡郎切
Baxter	hang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaŋ/
Li Rong	/ɣɑŋ/
Wang Li	/ɣɑŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	háng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hong⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	航
Reading #	1/1
No.	7378
Phonetic component	亢
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	航
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːŋ/

Definitions

航

ship; boat
to sail; to navigate; (of airplane) to fly

Compounds

主航道
停航 (tíngháng)
出航 (chūháng)
北洋航線／北洋航线
南洋航線／南洋航线
回航
境外直航
夜航
宇航 (yǔháng)
密航
封航 (fēngháng)
導航／导航 (dǎoháng)
導航器／导航器
導航衛星／导航卫星
引航 (yǐnháng)
慈航
慈航普渡
慣性導航／惯性导航
指揮導航／指挥导航
啟航／启航 (qǐháng)
梯山航海 (tīshānhánghǎi)
梯航
棧山航海／栈山航海
民航 (mínháng)
民航飛機／民航飞机
滑航
滑航艇
空中護航／空中护航
續航／续航 (xùháng)
續航力／续航力
續航器／续航器
航務／航务
航向
航太 (hángtài)
航太工業／航太工业
航天站 (hángtiānzhàn)
航天飛機／航天飞机 (hángtiān fēijī)
航拍 (hángpāi)
航政
航業／航业
航標／航标 (hángbiāo)
航權／航权 (hángquán)
航次
航海 (hánghǎi)
航海家 (hánghǎijiā)
航海日誌／航海日志
航海曆／航海历
航海梯山
航海節／航海节
航班 (hángbān)
航發中心／航发中心
航程 (hángchéng)
航空 (hángkōng)
航空信 (hángkōngxìn)
航空公司 (hángkōng gōngsī)
航空包裹
航空器 (hángkōngqì)
航空學校／航空学校
航空工程
航空攝影／航空摄影
航空母艦／航空母舰 (hángkōng mǔjiàn)
航空版
航空病
航空站 (hángkōngzhàn)
航空線／航空线
航空郵遞／航空邮递
航空醫學／航空医学
航線／航线 (hángxiàn)
航船 (hángchuán)
航行 (hángxíng)
航行燈／航行灯
航路 (hánglù)
航路標識／航路标识
航途
航速
航運／航运 (hángyùn)
航道 (hángdào)
航郵／航邮
處女航／处女航
衛星導航／卫星导航
裴航
試航／试航 (shìháng)
護航／护航 (hùháng)
起航 (qǐháng)
巡航 (xúnháng)
返航 (fǎnháng)
迷航
通航 (tōngháng)
開航／开航 (kāiháng)
領航／领航 (lǐngháng)
領航員／领航员 (lǐnghángyuán)
風航／风航
飛航／飞航 (fēiháng)
首航 (shǒuháng)

References

“航”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

航

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Compounds

航空(こうくう) (kōkū): aviation
- 航空便(こうくうびん) (kōkūbin): airmail
- 航空郵便(こうくうゆうびん) (kōkūyūbin): airmail
- 航空機(こうくうき) (kōkūki): aircraft
- 航空母艦(こうくうぼかん) (kōkūbokan): aircraft carrier

Proper noun

航(わたる) • (Wataru)

a male given name

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ha̠ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [항]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

航

Wikisource

航 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang, Yale hang)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

航: Hán Nôm readings: hàng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.