松

Stroke order

松 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 木金戈 (DCI), four-corner 4893₂, composition ⿰木公)

• 倯, 凇, 㟣, 𢃓, 𢔋, 𢛒, 淞, 硹, 䘴, 蜙, 𱆳, 𡨭, 崧, 菘, 𣕙, 𥯆, 𩃭, 鬆, 𦦵, 𰉹, 𢃪, 𰑩, 𧌻, 𮪺, 𩸝, 𪁿(𬸔)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 514, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14516
• Dae Jaweon: page 901, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1173, character 5
• Unihan data for U+677E

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɢloŋ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 公 (OC *kloːŋ).

 

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 松 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• 松 (Cantonese)

Miyake (1997), apud Schuessler (2007), associated 松 (OC *sɢloŋ) with Old Japanese 杉 (sugi₂, “cryptomeria”); superficially similar to Thai สน (sǒn, “pine”).

The regular Mandarin pronunciation as predicted from Middle Chinese is sóng. The sound change to the yinping (陰平／阴平) pronunciation in Mandarin dialects is to avoid homophony with the word 㞞／𪨊 (sóng, “semen”).

松

1. pine tree

   • 淇水滺滺、檜楫松舟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     淇水滺滺、桧楫松舟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Qíshuǐ yóuyóu, guìjí sōngzhōu. [Pinyin]

     The waters of the Qi flow smoothly; there are the oars of juniper and boats of pine.

2. a surname, 216th in the Baijiaxing

• “松”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Shinjitai	松
Kyūjitai [1][2][3]	松󠄁 松+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	松󠄃 松+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

• Go-on: じゅ (ju)^{←じゆ (zyu, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←しよう (syou, historical)}
• Kun: まつ (matsu, 松, Jōyō)^{←まつ (matu, 松, historical)}
• Nanori: おお (ō)、しょ (sho)、ときわ (tokiwa)^{←ときは (tokifa, historical)}、ま (ma)、ます (masu)、まち (machi)、まっ (ma')

• 枩, 柗, 梥, 㮤

From Old Japanese. Attested in the Kojiki of 712 and the Man'yōshū of 759.^[4][5] In turn, from Proto-Japonic *matu.

Various theories exist regarding its ultimate origin:^[4]

• Might be a shift from 保つ (tamotsu, “to hold”). However, the accent of 保つ (tamotsu) in the Heian period is HHL, while 松 (matsu) is LH. It can be better derived from 持つ (motsu, “to hold, to carry”), which has LF accent in the Heian period.
• Might be from 待つ (matsu, “to wait”), either from the way that a pine tree must wait for leaves to fall to grow new ones, or from the way that it lasts ten thousand years and preserves its color. The accent of 待つ (matsu) is LF.
• Possibly derived from 全く (mataku, “entirely”), from 全い (matai, “complete”), because it spends its time in the snow for winter. However, the classical term 全し (matasi) is HHF in the Heian period.
• From 睫毛 (matsuge, “eyelashes”), since their leaves represent such. However, it requires deletion of the -ge, and matsuge is certainly from 目 (ma-, “eye”).
• From 真常木 (matonoki, “true eternal tree”), as the pine tree is an evergreen tree.
• From a place name 松のむらたち (MATSU no muratachi), as opposed to muratatsu.
• From 芽厚 (meatsu, literally “bud (that feels) hot”).
• From 纏わる (matsuwaru, “get wrapped around”), as the leaves are around the trunk.
• From 真 (ma-, “true”) + つ (tsu, abbreviation of 約まる (tsuzumaru, “to shrink”)).
• From 間千 (machi, literally “space (of) thousands”).
• A shift from 股 (mata, “crouch”), as the pine tree leaves split into two.

• (Tokyo) まつ [máꜜtsù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[4][6][7][8]
• IPA^(key): [ma̠t͡sɨ]

松(まつ) • (matsu) ^{←まつ (matu)?}

1. a pine tree
2. a pine branch decorated for the celebration of New Year
3. the highest rank of a 3-tier ranking system

   Hypernym: 松竹梅

   Coordinate terms: 松, 竹, 梅

4. a 家紋 (“crest”) in the shape of pine branches or needles
5. (card games) a suit in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of January

   Coordinate terms: 松, 梅, 桜, 藤, 菖蒲, 牡丹, 萩, 芒, 菊, 紅葉, 柳, 桐

6. (historical) Synonym of 松明 (taimastu, “torch made of a pine branch”)
7. (nyōbo kotoba) Synonym of 松茸 (“matsutake mushroom”)

松(まつ) • (Matsu) 

1. a surname

松 (eumhun 소나무 송 (sonamu song))

1. pine

• 송편 (松편, songpyeon)

松: Hán Nôm readings: tùng, thông, tòng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

松

1. Sawndip form of song