希

See also: 稀

希	U+5E0C, 希 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E0C

← 帋
[U+5E0B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

帍 →
[U+5E0D]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

希 (Kangxi radical 50, 巾+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 大大中月 (KKLB), four-corner 4022₇, composition ⿱㐅布)

Derived characters

桸, 唏, 浠, 稀, 晞, 烯, 郗, 欷, 豨, 瓻, 鵗

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 329, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8813
Dae Jaweon: page 634, character 29
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 731, character 19
Unihan data for U+5E0C

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 希
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (希) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
桸	hral, hlɯl
郗	*l̥ʰɯl
絺	*l̥ʰɯl
脪	l̥ʰɯl, hrɯnʔ, *hlɯns
瓻	*l̥ʰɯl
希	*hlɯl
晞	*hlɯl
莃	*hlɯl
鵗	*hlɯl
稀	*hlɯl
睎	*hlɯl
豨	hlɯl, hlɯlʔ
悕	*hlɯl
俙	hlɯl, hlɯlʔ
欷	hlɯl, hlɯls
浠	*hlɯl
唏	hlɯlʔ, hlɯls

Originally 𢁫, ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 爻 + 巾 (“cloth”).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		希
alternative forms		𢁫㠻𠬹𢂞𭤔𢁫㠻𠬹𢂞𭤔𫯜

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xī (xi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xi¹

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): xǐ

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): xì
Cantonese (Jyutping): hei¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): hî

(Meixian, Guangdong): hi¹
Eastern Min (BUC): hĭ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hi

(Teochew, Peng'im): hi¹
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹shi

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xī
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: si
  - Wade–Giles: hsi¹
  - Yale: syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: xi¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: xǐ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi²¹/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: xì
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): xi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi³¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hei¹
  - Yale: hēi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hei¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: héi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hei̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hî
  - Hakka Romanization System: hi^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /hi²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hi¹
  - Sinological IPA: /hi⁴⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hi⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hi
  - Tâi-lô: hi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hy
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hi⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hi³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hi⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hi⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hi⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hi¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hi³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹shi
  - MiniDict: shi^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕi⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɕi⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /ɕi³³⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 希
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕi⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕi⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕi²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕi²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ɕi²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕi²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ɕi²¹/
	Xining	/ɕji⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕi⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ɕi³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɕi⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ɕi⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕi⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ɕi⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ɕi⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ɕi³¹/
	Hefei	/sz̩²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕi¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕi¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕi³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕi⁵³/
	Suzhou	/ɕi⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕi³³/
	Wenzhou	/sz̩³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕi³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/ɕi¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕi³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɕi³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕi⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/hi⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/hi²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hei⁵³/
	Nanning	/hi⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/hei⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hi⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/hi⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xi⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/hi³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hi²³/

Middle Chinese: xj+j

Rime
Character	希
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	微 (20)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	香衣切
Baxter	xj+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨi/
Pan Wuyun	/hɨi/
Shao Rongfen	/xiəi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hɨj/
Li Rong	/xiəi/
Wang Li	/xĭəi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xe̯i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hei¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰəj/

(Zhengzhang): /*hlɯl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	希
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī
Middle Chinese	‹ xjɨj ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰəj/
English	thin, sparse
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	希
Reading #	1/1
No.	13250
Phonetic component	希
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	希
Old Chinese	/*hlɯl/

Definitions

希

^† Original form of 稀 (xī, “rare; sparse”).
to hope; to expect; to strive for
to admire; to look up to
Synonym of 絺／𫄨

Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 希 – see 稀 (“rare; uncommon; scarce; sparse; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 稀).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

希

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

beg, request
hope
rare (also 稀)
Greece (short for 希臘 (Girishia))

Readings

Go-on: け (ke)
Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
Kun: まれ (mare, 希)、のぞみ (nozomi)、こいねがう (koinegau, 希う)
Nanori: の (no)、のぞ (nozo)、のぞみ (nozomi)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
希
き Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kʲi]

Affix

希(き) • (ki)

to hope

Compounds

希(き)求(きゅう) (kikyū)
希(き)望(ぼう) (kibō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
希
き Grade: 4
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
稀

希 is a daiyōji replacing 稀.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kʲi]
IPA^(key): [ke̞]

Affix

希(き) or 希(け) • (ki or ke)

rare; scarce
sparse; dilute

Compounds

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
希
まれ Grade: 4
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 希 – see the following entry.

【稀まれ】J

[adjective] rare

(This term, 希, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

希 • (hui) (hangeul 희)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

希: Hán Nôm readings: hơi, he, hê, hy, hây, hi, thu

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.