姑娘
Chinese
edit| paternal aunt | mother; young lady | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (姑娘) | 姑 | 娘 | |
| simp. #(姑娘) | 姑 | 娘 | |
| alternative forms | 菇涼／菇凉 slang | ||
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gu1 noeng4 / gu1 noeng4-2
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): gu1 niang3
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gu1 noeng4 / gu1 noeng4-2
- Gan (Wiktionary): gu1 nyiong
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kû-ngiòng
- Jin (Wiktionary): gu1 nion3
- Eastern Min (BUC): gŭ-niòng
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ko͘-niû / ko͘-niô͘
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ku-gnian
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ ˙ㄋㄧㄤ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guniång
- Wade–Giles: ku1-niang5
- Yale: gū-nyang
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gu.niang
- Palladius: гунян (gunjan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ²/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (姑娘兒／姑娘儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ ˙ㄋㄧㄤㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guniångr
- Wade–Giles: ku1-niang5-ʼrh
- Yale: gū-nyangr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gu.niangl
- Palladius: гунянр (gunjanr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑ̃ɻ²/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ ㄋㄧㄤˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guniáng
- Wade–Giles: ku1-niang2
- Yale: gū-nyáng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guniang
- Palladius: гунян (gunjan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku⁵⁵ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Note:
- gūniangr - “prostitute”;
- gūniáng - “paternal aunt; sister-in-law”.
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гўнён (gwni͡on, I-I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku²⁴ niɑŋ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gu1 noeng4 / gu1 noeng4-2
- Yale: gū nèuhng / gū néung
- Cantonese Pinyin: gu1 noeng4 / gu1 noeng4-2
- Guangdong Romanization: gu1 nêng4 / gu1 nêng4-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹/, /kuː⁵⁵ nœːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: gu1 niang3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku³³ ⁿdiaŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: gu1 nyiong
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku⁴² n̠ʲiɔŋ²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kû-ngiòng
- Hakka Romanization System: guˊ ngiongˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gu1 ngiong2
- Sinological IPA: /ku²⁴ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: gu1 nion3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ku¹¹ niɒ̃⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gŭ-niòng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku⁵⁵ nˡuoŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Noun
edit姑娘
- girl; maiden; unmarried woman
- (Mandarin, Gan, Jin, colloquial) daughter
- (Jilu, Central Plains, Jianghuai and Southwestern Mandarin, Gan, Huizhou, Shaowu Min, Wu) paternal aunt (father's sister)
- (Jianghuai Mandarin, Yangjiang Yue, Wu) sister-in-law (husband's sister)
- (Southwestern Mandarin) wife
- (historical, obsolete) concubine
- (chiefly Cantonese, Southern Min, Christianity) nun or unmarried female preacher (often as a title)
- 還有，四位忠心的女傳道，三位姑娘和一位師奶 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
- From: 2014, 盧陳詠恩, 我在教會成長的點滴, in 九龍城浸信會75周年紀念特刊
- waan4 jau5, sei3 wai6-2 zung1 sam1 dik1 neoi5 cyun4 dou6, saam1 wai6-2 gu1 noeng4 wo4 jat1 wai6-2 si1 naai5-1 [Jyutping]
- In addition, four faithful female pastors, three unmarried and one married
还有，四位忠心的女传道，三位姑娘和一位师奶 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]- 另外，包括高姑娘在內有好幾位宣教師轉至南部服事。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 2015, 陳美玲, 淡水婦學堂的領航者--高哈拿姑娘, in 女宣雜誌 (Women Ministry), issue 418
- Lìngwài, bāokuò Gāo gūniang zàinèi yǒu hǎo jǐ wèi xuānjiàoshī zhuǎn zhì nánbù fúshì. [Pinyin]
- Furthermore, quite a few preachers including Miss Connell transferred to the South to serve.
另外，包括高姑娘在内有好几位宣教师转至南部服事。 [MSC, simp.]
- (Cantonese) female nurse, healthcare professional, social worker, etc.
- 病房入面得好少姑娘 但係就住咗好多病人 [Cantonese, trad.]
- From: 2016, 膠膠, 膠膠的姑娘 G 你今日膠咗未, page 12
- beng6 fong4-2 jap6 min6 dak1 hou2 siu2 gu1 noeng4, daan6 hai6 zau6 zyu6 zo2 hou2 do1 beng6 jan4 [Jyutping]
- There are just a few nurses in the sickroom, but many patients are living there.
病房入面得好少姑娘 但系就住咗好多病人 [Cantonese, simp.]
- (colloquial, dialectal) female prostitute
- 老實說，也不過像公子哥兒嫖姑娘一樣，吃著碗裡，瞧著碟裡 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1941, 曾樸 (Zeng Pu), 孽海花 (A Flower in a Sinful Sea)
- Lǎoshíshuō, yě bùguò xiàng gōngzǐgēr piáo gūniang yīyàng, chī zhe wǎn lǐ, qiáo zhe dié lǐ [Pinyin]
- To be honest, it's just like how the playboys visit prostitutes – eating from a bowl while looking at what's in the plate.
老实说，也不过像公子哥儿嫖姑娘一样，吃着碗里，瞧着碟里 [MSC, simp.]
- (Muping Mandarin) young sorceress; young witch
- (Northern Thai Mandarin) woman
- (Guangzhou Cantonese, dated) Ms.; Miss
- (Pingxiang Gan) young married woman
- Alternative name for 菇蔫 (gūniān, “bladder cherry”).
Synonyms
editDialectal synonyms of 姑娘 (“unmarried woman; maiden”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 閨女 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 閨女, 閨娘 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 閨女 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 姑娘 |
| Xuzhou | 閨女 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 女娃子, 女娃娃, 女娃兒 |
| Guiyang | 姑娘 young, 姑奶 dated, 娘娘 dated, face-to-face | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 姑娘 young |
| Yangzhou | 姑娘 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 姑娘, 閨女 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 姑娘 young |
| Suzhou | 姑娘 | |
| Danyang | 姑娘 | |
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 巫婆, 女巫, 師婆, 師婆子 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 神婆, 神媽媽 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 巫婆兒, 姑娘 young |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 神婆兒, 巫婆兒, 師婆兒 |
| Wanrong | 神婆子 | |
| Xi'an | 神婆子 | |
| Xining | 神娘娘 | |
| Xuzhou | 神嬤兒嬤兒 | |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 神婆子 |
| Ürümqi | 神婆子 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 觀仙婆兒, 巫婆 |
| Guiyang | 神婆 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 巫婆 |
| Yangzhou | 神婆子 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 神婆 |
| Hong Kong | 巫婆 | |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 巫婆 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 神婆子 |
| Xinzhou | 神婆子 | |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 神媽 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 神姐, 神婆, 紅姨 |
| Quanzhou | 神姐, 神婆 | |
| Hui'an | 揣神婆 | |
| Zhangzhou | 紅姨 | |
| Haikou | 神婆 | |
| Wu | Jinhua | 巫三姑娘, 三姊妹, 三姑, 仙姑 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 巫婆 |
- (Miss): 女士 (nǚshì)
Derived terms
editDescendants
editJapanese
edit| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 姑 | 娘 |
| くー Hyōgai |
にゃん Grade: S |
| irregular | |
Alternative forms
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Mandarin 姑娘 (gūniang).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editReferences
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