仗

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

仗 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人十大 (OJK), four-corner 2520₀, composition ⿰亻丈)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 92, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 371
Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 113, character 2
Unihan data for U+4ED7

Chinese

simp. and trad.		仗

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (丈) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
丈	*daŋʔ
杖	*daŋʔ
仗	daŋʔ, daŋs

Etymology

Derived from 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) "cane, staff", with suffix *-s → *-h → 去聲／去声 (qùshēng), attested in Zuozhuan as 杖 (zhàng) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for etymology.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhàng (zhang⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄤˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җон (žon, III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng⁶ / zoeng³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tiǒng / tiōng / tiāng

(Teochew, Peng'im): ziang⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhàng
  - Wade–Giles: chang⁴
  - Yale: jàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: janq
  - Palladius: чжан (čžan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җон (žon, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zoeng⁶ / zoeng³
  - Yale: jeuhng / jeung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng⁶ / dzoeng³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêng⁶ / zêng³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœːŋ²²/, /t͡sœːŋ³³/

Note: zoeng3 - "battle" (e.g. 打仗 (daa2 zoeng3)).

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiǒng
  - Tâi-lô: tiǒng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiōng
  - Tâi-lô: tiōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diong
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiāng
  - Tâi-lô: tiāng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiaŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ziang⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiăng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siaŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: drjangX, drjangH

Rime
Character	仗	仗
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	直兩切	直亮切
Baxter	drjangX	drjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋ^X/	/ɖɨɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋ^X/	/ɖiɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋ^X/	/ȡiɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋ^X/	/ɖɨaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋ^X/	/ȡiaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋ^X/	/ȡĭaŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋ^X/	/ȡʱi̯aŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhàng	zhàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoeng⁶	zoeng⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*daŋʔ/, /*daŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	仗	仗
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16838	16839
Phonetic component	丈	丈
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	丈	仗
Old Chinese	/*daŋʔ/	/*daŋs/

Definitions

仗

weaponry; weapons; arms
to hold a weapon
war; battle
打仗 ― dǎzhàng ― to fight a battle; to go to war
(obsolete) guard; escort
to depend; to rely
仗著自己的權力為所欲為 [MSC, trad.]
仗着自己的权力为所欲为 [MSC, simp.]
zhàng zhe zìjǐ de quánlì wéisuǒyùwéi [Pinyin]
to rely on one's power to do whatever one wants

Compounds

References

“仗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

仗

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: じょう (jō)^{←ぢやう (dyau, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
Kun: つえ (tsue, 仗)^{←つゑ (twe, 仗, historical)}、つわもの (tsuwamono, 仗)、よる (yoru, 仗る)

Usage notes

This character is not used much in modern Japanese.

Etymology 1

Alternative spelling of 杖 (tsue). See that entry for details.

Noun

仗(つえ) • (tsue) ^{←つゑ (twe)^?}

Alternative spelling of 杖 (“a cane, a crook, a walking stick”)

Etymology 2

Alternative spelling of 兵 (tsuwamono). See that entry for details.

Noun

仗(つわもの) • (tsuwamono) ^{←つはもの (tufamono)^?}

Alternative spelling of 兵 (“weaponry; a soldier, a warrior; a courageous person, a brave; someone who is very confident, even obstinate”)

Etymology 3

Alternative spelling of 回り, 周り, 廻り (mawari). See those entries for details.

Noun

仗(まわり) • (mawari) ^{←まはり (mafari)^?}

Alternative spelling of 回り, etc.: surroundings; around; turning

Etymology 4

From Middle Chinese 仗. Compare modern Mandarin 仗 (zhàng).

Affix

仗(じょう) • (jō) ^{←ぢやう (dyau)^?}

Derived terms

仗旗 (じょうき, jōki): in medieval times, a special imperial flag marking occasions of special dignity, such as the first day of a new emperor's reign
仗議, 仗儀 (じょうぎ, jōgi): in the Nara period, a kind of codified conference before the imperial court, whereby nobles below the rank of minister would discuss the business of government
仗座 (じょうざ, jōza): the seats of the Imperial Guard; where nobles would sit to offer counsel to the court
仗身 (じょうしん, jōshin): in the Nara period, the court-appointed bodyguard of officials of fifth or higher rank

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕa̠ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [장]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

仗

Wikisource

仗 (eum 장 (jang))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

仗: Hán Nôm readings: trượng, dượng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation