良

良 U+826F, 良 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-826F ← 艮 [U+826E] CJK Unified Ideographs 艰 → [U+8270]

良 U+F97C, 良 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F97C ← 糧 [U+F97B] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 諒 → [U+F97D]

Stroke order

良 (Kangxi radical 138, 艮+1, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈日女 (IAV), four-corner 3073₂, composition ⿱丶艮(GHT) or ⿱丨艮(JK) or ⿱一艮(V))

1. good, virtuous, respectable

• 俍 哴 埌 娘 㟍 悢 𢭗 浪 狼 斏 㫰 朖 桹 㱢 烺 琅 䀶 硠 稂 𧚅 粮 羪 艆 蜋 誏 踉 躴 䡙 酿 鋃(锒) 𫝥 駺 䯖 𩷕(鿶) 郞 食 㝗 崀 莨 䆡 䍚 筤 飬 籑 㢃 㾗 閬(阆)
• 剆 㓪 朗 欴 郎 郒 飠

• ら
• ラ

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1013, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30597
• Dae Jaweon: page 1472, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3170, character 2
• Unihan data for U+826F

• Unihan data for U+F97C

simp. and trad.		良
alternative forms		𡰩 𡆨 𥭣 𣌣 𣌩 𡰩 𡆨 𥭣 𣌣 𣌩 𥭷

Pictogram (象形) . Possibly depicts corridors and a room, in which case it would be the original form of 廊. See also the top component of 复. Unrelated to 食 and 即.

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l(j)a(k/ŋ) (“good, beautiful”).

良

1. good; fine; well
2. good; virtuous; respectable
3. good person; virtuous person
4. (literary) innate; inherent; natural
5. very; very much; quite
6. (literary) really; certainly; surely
7. (obsolete) term of address used by a woman for her husband
8. a surname: Liang
9. (Catholicism) Leo (papal name)

• (good, fine):

• (very):

良

1. Only used in 方良, alternative form of 魍魎／魍魉 (wǎngliǎng)

• (Min Nan) “Query for 良”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
• “良”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. good

• Go-on: ろう (rō)^{←らう (rau, historical)}
• Kan-on: りょう (ryō, Jōyō)^{←りやう (ryau, historical)}
• Kun: よい (yoi, 良い, Jōyō)、いい (ii, 良い)
• Nanori: じ (ji)、つかさ (tsukasa)、なが (naga)、まこと (makoto)、よし (yoshi)、ら (ra)、りょ (ryo)

Kanji in this term
良
りょう Grade: 4
kan'on

良(りょう) • (ryō) ^{←りやう (ryau)?}

1. (school mark) good, B

   数学(すうがく)の成績(せいせき)は良(りょう)だった

   sūgaku no seiseki wa ryō datta

   I got a B in math

良(りょう) • (Ryō) ^{←りやう (Ryau)?}

1. a male given name

From Middle Chinese 良 (MC ljang).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	랴ᇰ (Yale: lyàng)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575	알 (Yale: al)	량 (Yale: lyang)
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576	어딜 (Yale: etil)	량 (Yale: lyang)
Seokbong Cheonjamun, 1583	어딜 (Yale: etil)	냥 (Yale: nyang)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ja̠ŋ] ~ [ɾja̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [양/량]

良 (eumhun 어질 량 (eojil ryang), word-initial (South Korea) 어질 양 (eojil yang))

1. hanja form^? of 양 (“good”) [affix]
2. hanja form^? of 량 (“good”) [affix]

良 (*a)

1. A syllabic phonogram denoting the syllable *a (generally not word-initial)

良 (*-a)

1. The verbal and adjectival infinitive suffix.

• Middle Korean: 어〮 (-é), 아〮 (-á)
  • Korean: 어 (-eo), 아 (-a)

良 (*-a)

1. in; at; on; locative case marker, attested primarily in hyangga poems
   • c. 750, 月明師 (Wolmyeongsa), “祭亡妹歌 (Jemangmae-ga)”, in 三國遺事 (Samguk Yusa) [Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms]:

     一等隱枝良出古

     *HAton KACI-a NA-kwo

     even though they sprout on a single branch

• First-millennium Old Korean also featured the locative particle 中 (*-kuy). The two particles were compounded as 良中 (*-a-kuy) as early as the seventh century. The compounded form becomes predominant in the corpus after the eleventh century, after which 良 (*-a) in isolation is not encountered. The compounded form eventually fused into a single morpheme, becoming the Middle Korean locative particle 에〮/애〮 (-éy/áy).
• After the fourteenth century, Korean scribes occasionally reused the character 良 to write 에〮/애〮 (-éy/áy). This is a feature of Middle Korean writing, not Old Korean.

• Old Korean: 良中 (*-akuy) (compounded with 中 (*-kuy))
  • Middle Korean: 에〮 (-éy)
    • Korean: 에 (-e)

• 中 (*-kuy) (locative case marker)
• 矣 (*-uy) (locative case marker)
• 良中 (*-akuy) (locative case marker predominant after the eleventh century)

• 배대은 (Bae Dae-eun) (1996) “이두 처격조사의 통시적 고찰 [Idu cheogyeok josa-ui tongsijeok gochal, A diachronic study of locative case markers in Idu]”, in Baedalmal, volume 21, pages 139–156
• 이승재 (Lee Seung-jae) (2000) “차자표기 자료의 격조사 연구 [Chaja pyogi jaryo-ui gyeokjosa yeon'gu, Study of case markers in the Chinese-based orthography [of Korean]]”, in Gugeo Gukmunhak, volume 127, pages 107–132
• Hwang Seon-yeop (2006). "Godae gugeo-ui cheogyeok josa" 고대국어의 처격조사] ["The locative case markers of Old Korean"]. Hanmal Yeon'gu Hakhoe Jeon'guk Haksul Daehoe (conference). Seongnam, South Korea. pp. 35–48.
• Nam Pung-hyun (2012) “Old Korean”, in Tranter, Nicolas, editor, The Languages of Japan and Korea, Routledge, →ISBN, pages 41–72

良: Hán Nôm readings: lương

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