狀

See also: 状

狀	U+72C0, 狀 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72C0

← 犿
[U+72BF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

狁 →
[U+72C1]

狀	U+F9FA, 狀 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9FA

← 粒
[U+F9F9]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

炙 →
[U+F9FB]

Translingual

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 707, character 13
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20280
Dae Jaweon: page 1119, character 30
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1334, character 3
Unihan data for U+72C0

Unihan data for U+F9FA

Chinese

trad.		狀
simp.		状

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爿) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
臧	*ʔsaːŋ
牂	*ʔsaːŋ
戕	kaːl, ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ
贓	*ʔsaːŋ
藏	zaːŋ, zaːŋs
奘	zaːŋʔ, zaːŋs
臟	*zaːŋs
將	ʔsaŋ, ʔsaŋs
漿	*ʔsaŋ
鱂	*ʔsaŋ
蔣	ʔsaŋ, ʔsaŋʔ
螿	*ʔsaŋ
槳	*ʔsaŋʔ
獎	*ʔsaŋʔ
醬	*ʔsaŋs
鏘	*sʰaŋ
蹡	sʰaŋ, ʔshaŋs
嶈	*sʰaŋ
斨	*sʰaŋ
爿	braːn, zaŋ
牆	*zaŋ
妝	*ʔsraŋ
莊	*ʔsraŋ
裝	ʔsraŋ, ʔsraŋs
壯	*ʔsraŋs
疒	rnɯːɡ, zraŋ
床	*zraŋ
牀	*zraŋ
狀	*zraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zraŋs) : phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 犬.

Etymology

Compare perhaps Burmese ဆင်း (hcang:, “form, appearance”) (Luce, 1981).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhuàng (zhuang⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄤˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zuang⁴
Cantonese (Jyutping): zong⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhong
Jin (Wiktionary): zuon³
Northern Min (KCR): cōng
Eastern Min (BUC): cê̤ng / cáung
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chōng / chiōng / chn̄g

(Teochew, Peng'im): zuang⁶ / zeng⁷
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zaon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhuàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhuàng
  - Wade–Giles: chuang⁴
  - Yale: jwàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juanq
  - Palladius: чжуан (čžuan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zuang⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zuong
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suaŋ²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zong⁶
  - Yale: johng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzong⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: zong⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhong
  - Hakka Romanization System: cong
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cong⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zuon³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡suɒ̃⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cōng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cê̤ng / cáung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔyŋ²⁴²/, /t͡sɑuŋ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chōng / chiōng / chn̄g
  - Tâi-lô: tsōng / tsiōng / tsn̄g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zong, ciong, zng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔŋ²²/, /t͡siɔŋ²²/, /t͡sŋ̍²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴¹/, /t͡sŋ̍⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ²²/, /t͡siɔŋ²²/, /t͡sŋ̍²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔŋ³³/, /t͡siɔŋ³³/, /t͡sŋ̍³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ³³/, /t͡siɔŋ³³/, /t͡sŋ̍³³/

Note:

chōng - literary;
chiōng/chn̄g - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zuang⁶ / zeng⁷
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsuăng / tsṳ̄ng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suaŋ³⁵/, /t͡sɯŋ¹¹/

Note: zeng7 - “certificate”.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zaon
  - MiniDict: zaon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zaan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zɑ̃²³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 狀
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂuɑŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂuaŋ⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡suɑŋ⁵³/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂuaŋ²¹/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂuaŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂuaŋ³¹²/
	Xi'an	/p͡faŋ⁴⁴/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂuɔ̃²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂuɑŋ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/p͡fɑ̃¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂuɑŋ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡suaŋ³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡suaŋ¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡suaŋ²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂuã̠¹/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂuaŋ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂuɑ̃⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡suɒ̃⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡suɑŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡suɑ̃⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/zɑ̃²³/
	Suzhou	/zɑ̃³¹/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zz̩ʷɑŋ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/d͡ʑyɔ²²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡so³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡sʰau¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕyan⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕyan¹¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡sɔn⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sɔŋ²²/
	Nanning	/t͡sɔŋ²²/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sɔŋ²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡sɔŋ²²/ /t͡sŋ̍²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/t͡sɔyŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/ 告～ /t͡sɔŋ⁴²/ 形～
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡suaŋ³⁵/ /t͡sɯŋ³¹/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/tuaŋ²³/ /to²³/

Middle Chinese: dzrjangH

Rime
Character	狀
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	鋤亮切
Baxter	dzrjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʒɨɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖ͡ʐiɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʒiɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖ͡ʐɨaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/d͡ʒiaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/d͡ʒĭaŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɖ͡ʐʱi̯aŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhuàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zong⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]raŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*zraŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	狀
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhuàng
Middle Chinese	‹ dzrjang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[dz]raŋ-s/
English	form, appearance
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	狀
Reading #	1/1
No.	10312
Phonetic component	爿
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*zraŋs/

Definitions

狀

^⁜ form; appearance; state
- 1046 October 17, 范仲淹 (Fan Zhongyan), 岳陽樓記:
  
  予觀夫巴陵勝狀，在洞庭一湖。 [MSC, trad.]
  予观夫巴陵胜状，在洞庭一湖。 [MSC, simp.]
  Yǔ guān fū bālíng shèng zhuàng, zài dòngtíng yī hú. [Pinyin]
  I look at the best state of Baling, at the Dongting Lake.
^⁜ shape
^⁜ certificate
獎狀／奖状 ― jiǎngzhuàng ― certificate
^⁜ to describe

Compounds

References

“狀”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	状
Kyūjitai	狀

Kanji

狀

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Kyūjitai form of 状

Readings

On (unclassified): じょう (jō)^{←じやう (zyau, historical)}
Kun: かたち (katachi, 狀)

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 狀 (MC dzrjangH).

Historical readings

Recorded as Middle Korean 싸ᇰ〮 (Yale: ssáng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded as Middle Korean 상 (sang)^訓 (Yale: sang) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [상]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

狀

Wikisource

狀 (eumhun 형상(形狀) 상)

hanja form^? of 상 (“form; appearance; state”)
hanja form^? of 상 (“shape”)

Compounds

현상 (現狀, hyeonsang)
증상 (症狀, jeungsang)
실상 (實狀, silsang)
형상 (形狀, hyeongsang)
참상 (慘狀, chamsang)
원상 (原狀, wonsang)
정상 (情狀, jeongsang)
죄상 (罪狀, joesang)
흉상 (凶狀/兇狀, hyungsang)
상태 (狀態, sangtae, “state”)
상황 (狀況, sanghwang, “situation”)
갑상선 (甲狀腺, gapsangseon)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 狀 (MC dzrjangH).

Historical readings

Recorded as Middle Korean 자ᇰ〯 (cǎng)^訓 (Yale: cǎng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕa̠(ː)ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [장(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

狀 (eumhun 문서 장 (munseo jang))

hanja form^? of 장 (“document; certificate”)

Compounds

영장 (令狀, yeongjang)
송장 (送狀, songjang)
답장 (答狀, dapjang)
상장 (賞狀, sangjang)
행장 (行狀, haengjang)
장원 (狀元, jang'won)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

狀: Hán Nôm readings: trạng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

狀

Contents

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

Descendants

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Korean

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

References

Vietnamese

Han character

Navigation menu

狀

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

Descendants

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Korean

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

References

Vietnamese

Han character

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