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arruinar

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: arruïnar

Portuguese

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Etymology

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From a- +‎ ruína +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

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  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /a.ʁu.iˈna(ʁ)/ [a.hʊ.iˈna(h)], /a.ʁujˈna(ʁ)/ [a.huɪ̯ˈna(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /a.ʁu.iˈna(ɾ)/ [a.hʊ.iˈna(ɾ)], /a.ʁujˈna(ɾ)/ [a.huɪ̯ˈna(ɾ)]
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /a.ʁu.iˈna(ʁ)/ [a.χʊ.iˈna(χ)], /a.ʁujˈna(ʁ)/ [a.χuɪ̯ˈna(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /a.ʁu.iˈna(ɻ)/ [a.hʊ.iˈna(ɻ)], /a.ʁujˈna(ɻ)/ [a.huɪ̯ˈna(ɻ)]
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐ.ʁu.iˈnaɾ/, /ɐ.ʁujˈnaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐ.ʁu.iˈna.ɾi/, /ɐ.ʁujˈna.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: ar‧ru‧i‧nar

Verb

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arruinar (first-person singular present arruíno, first-person singular preterite arruinei, past participle arruinado)

  1. to ruin, spoil
    Synonym: estragar
  2. to bankrupt
    Synonym: falir

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of arruinar (i becomes í when stressed) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal arruinar
Personal arruinar arruinares arruinar arruinarmos arruinardes arruinarem
Gerund
arruinando
Past participle
Masculine arruinado arruinados
Feminine arruinada arruinadas
Indicative
Present arruíno arruínas arruína arruinamos arruinais arruínam
Imperfect arruinava arruinavas arruinava arruinávamos arruináveis arruinavam
Preterite arruinei arruinaste arruinou arruinamos1, arruinámos2 arruinastes arruinaram
Pluperfect arruinara arruinaras arruinara arruináramos arruináreis arruinaram
Future arruinarei arruinarás arruinará arruinaremos arruinareis arruinarão
Conditional arruinaria arruinarias arruinaria arruinaríamos arruinaríeis arruinariam
Subjunctive
Present arruíne arruínes arruíne arruinemos arruineis arruínem
Imperfect arruinasse arruinasses arruinasse arruinássemos arruinásseis arruinassem
Future arruinar arruinares arruinar arruinarmos arruinardes arruinarem
Imperative
Affirmative arruína arruíne arruinemos arruinai arruínem
Negative (não) não arruínes não arruíne não arruinemos não arruineis não arruínem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Spanish

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Etymology

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From a- +‎ ruina +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /arwiˈnaɾ/ [a.rwiˈnaɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: a‧rrui‧nar

Verb

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arruinar (first-person singular present arruino, first-person singular preterite arruiné, past participle arruinado)

  1. (transitive) to ruin
    Synonym: ruinar

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of arruinar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive arruinar
gerund arruinando
past participle masculine feminine
singular arruinado arruinada
plural arruinados arruinadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present arruino arruinastú
arruinásvos 		arruina arruinamos arruináis arruinan
imperfect arruinaba arruinabas arruinaba arruinábamos arruinabais arruinaban
preterite arruiné arruinaste arruinó arruinamos arruinasteis arruinaron
future arruinaré arruinarás arruinará arruinaremos arruinaréis arruinarán
conditional arruinaría arruinarías arruinaría arruinaríamos arruinaríais arruinarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present arruine arruinestú
arruinésvos2 		arruine arruinemos arruinéis arruinen
imperfect
(ra) 		arruinara arruinaras arruinara arruináramos arruinarais arruinaran
imperfect
(se) 		arruinase arruinases arruinase arruinásemos arruinaseis arruinasen
future1 arruinare arruinares arruinare arruináremos arruinareis arruinaren
imperative — tú
vos 		usted nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ustedes
affirmative arruinatú
arruinávos 		arruine arruinemos arruinad arruinen
negative no arruines no arruine no arruinemos no arruinéis no arruinen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of arruinar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive arruinar
dative arruinarme arruinarte arruinarle, arruinarse arruinarnos arruinaros arruinarles, arruinarse
accusative arruinarme arruinarte arruinarlo, arruinarla, arruinarse arruinarnos arruinaros arruinarlos, arruinarlas, arruinarse
with gerund arruinando
dative arruinándome arruinándote arruinándole, arruinándose arruinándonos arruinándoos arruinándoles, arruinándose
accusative arruinándome arruinándote arruinándolo, arruinándola, arruinándose arruinándonos arruinándoos arruinándolos, arruinándolas, arruinándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative arruina
dative arruíname arruínate arruínale arruínanos not used arruínales
accusative arruíname arruínate arruínalo, arruínala arruínanos not used arruínalos, arruínalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative arruiná
dative arruiname arruinate arruinale arruinanos not used arruinales
accusative arruiname arruinate arruinalo, arruinala arruinanos not used arruinalos, arruinalas
with formal second-person singular imperative arruine
dative arruíneme not used arruínele, arruínese arruínenos not used arruíneles
accusative arruíneme not used arruínelo, arruínela, arruínese arruínenos not used arruínelos, arruínelas
with first-person plural imperative arruinemos
dative not used arruinémoste arruinémosle arruinémonos arruinémoos arruinémosles
accusative not used arruinémoste arruinémoslo, arruinémosla arruinémonos arruinémoos arruinémoslos, arruinémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative arruinad
dative arruinadme not used arruinadle arruinadnos arruinaos arruinadles
accusative arruinadme not used arruinadlo, arruinadla arruinadnos arruinaos arruinadlos, arruinadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative arruinen
dative arruínenme not used arruínenle arruínennos not used arruínenles, arruínense
accusative arruínenme not used arruínenlo, arruínenla arruínennos not used arruínenlos, arruínenlas, arruínense

Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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