雛

雛 U+96DB, 雛 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96DB ← 雚 [U+96DA] CJK Unified Ideographs 雜 → [U+96DC]

雛 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 心山人土 (PUOG), four-corner 2041₄, composition ⿰芻隹)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1368, character 39
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42121
• Dae Jaweon: page 1874, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4105, character 6
• Unihan data for U+96DB

trad.		雛
simp.		雏
alternative forms		鶵／𬸅 𨿉 𪀫 𪀩 𨿊

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zro) : phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro) + semantic 隹 (“bird”).

雛

1. chick; fledgling

   • 是月也，天子乃以雛嘗黍，羞以含桃，先薦寢廟。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     是月也，天子乃以雏尝黍，羞以含桃，先荐寝庙。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Shìyuè yě, tiānzǐ nǎi yǐ chú cháng shǔ, xiū yǐ hán táo, xiān jiàn qǐnmiào. [Pinyin]

     In this month, the Son of Heaven partakes of millet along with pullets, and with cherries set forth beside them, first offering a portion in the apartment behind the ancestral temple.

2. infant; toddler
3. young; small
4. Used in 鵷雛／鹓雏.

• “雛”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Jinmeiyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 鶵)

• Go-on: じゅ (ju)
• Kan-on: す (su)
• Kan’yō-on: すう (sū)
• Kun: ひな (hina, 雛)、ひいな (hīna, 雛)、ひよこ (hiyoko, 雛)、ひよっこ (hiyokko, 雛)

Kanji in this term
雛
ひな Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

*/pina/ → /fina/ → /hina/

Appears to be from Old Japanese. The derivative form hiwina (later hīna) appears in The Tale of Genji, dated to before 1021.^[1]

• (Tokyo) ひな [híꜜnà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2][3]
• IPA^(key): [çina̠]

雛(ひな) • (hina) 

1. a type of small doll, typically standing upright in the Heian period, changing style to a seated posture in the Muromachi period
2. short for 雛祭り (Hina matsuri)
3. a chick, a young bird: see the reading hiyoko below

雛(ひな) • (hina-) 

1. diminutive prefix, carrying favorable connotations such as a sense of cuteness

Kanji in this term
雛
ひいな Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

*/pipina/ → */fifina/ → /fiwina/ → /hiːna/

Possibly an alteration of a reduplicated form hinahina.

• (Tokyo) ひいな [híꜜìnà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [çiːna̠]

雛(ひいな) • (hīna) ^{←ひひな (fifina)?}

1. (archaic) doll

This reading with the long ī is archaic. In modern Japanese, the shorter reading hina is more common for this sense.

Kanji in this term
雛
ひよこ Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

*/pijoko/ → /fijoko/ → /hijoko/

Compound of ひよ (hiyo, “onomatopoeia for the sound a chick makes”) +‎ 子 (ko, “diminutive suffix”).

Possibly related to Middle Korean 비〮육 (píyùk), whence modern Korean 병아리 (byeong'ari, “chick”).

• (Tokyo) ひよこ [hìyókó] (Heiban – [0])^[2][3]
• IPA^(key): [çijo̞ko̞]

雛(ひよこ) • (hiyoko) 

1. chick, young bird
2. child; youngling, greenhorn

Kanji in this term
雛
ひよっこ Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

/hijoko/ → /hijokko/

Alteration of hiyoko above. The geminate kk sound emphasizes the diminutiveness.

• (Tokyo) ひよっこ [hìyókkó] (Heiban – [0])^[2][3]
• IPA^(key): [çijo̞k̚ko̞]

雛(ひよっこ) • (hiyokko) 

1. a chick, a young bird
2. a child; a youngling, a greenhorn

Kanji in this term
雛
すう Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese. Most reconstructions of the original Middle Chinese reading start with an affricate, so this Japanese reading may have come from a dialect; compare Hakka reading ts'u¹.

• IPA^(key): [sɨː]

雛(すう) • (sū) 

1. young, new, a greenhorn

Only used in compounds.

雛 (eum 추 (chu))

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雛: Hán Nôm readings: sồ

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