Kikaa
Kikaa (harmattan)[1]
| Yaɣ sheli | trade wind, season  |
|---|---|
| Goli din bɛ yuuni ni | November, December, January, February, March |
nyɛla yuuni puli ni saha shɛli din be gbansabila tingbani yaɣi shɛli bɛ ni boli ni West Africa la, ka lala kikaa ŋɔ nyɛ din kan na silimiingoli November bahigu n zaŋ hali ni silimiingoli March sunsuuni yunpalli puuuni. Di taɣi Malisi kuli nyɛla di chanimi ka ʒiri saɣiri mini tanŋkpagbuligu din ʒɛri yirina yaɣishɛli bɛ ni boli ni Sahara la ni n chani West Africa mini Gulf of Guinea yaɣa .[2] Lala di silimiinsili yuli Harmattan ŋɔ nyɛla din chanŋ ti ŋmani Kambonsi mali bɛ bachi ka di nyɛ haramata .[3] Lala saha ŋɔ, yuŋ nyɛla din kuli maaigi pam yaɣishɛŋa polo amaa ka ni tooi ku tuli pam yaɣishɛŋa wuntanŋ ni.[4]
Kikaa pɔhim nyɛla din daari wuuni, ka di kanna chiri shɛŋa ni wuntanŋ ni dii bi yiri pam ni. Lala kikaa saha ŋɔ, bɛ ni boli shɛli ni subtropical ridge din nyɛ high pressure nyɛla din be bɛ ni boli yaɣishɛli ni central Sahara la ni ka bɛ ni boli shɛli ni Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) mi gba nyɛ din be bɛ ni boli yaɣishɛli ni Gulf of Guinea la ni. Kikaa ŋɔ yi ti gariti Sahara yaɣa ni, kikaa pɔhim ŋɔ nyɛla din kpuɣiri saɣiri mini tanŋkpaɣu tin ni paai (between 0.5 and 10 microns). Di lan nyɛla bɛ ni mi shɛli ni "doctor wind", ka di daliri nyɛla di ni kuui sham yi zaŋ ti maɣisi silimiingi ni boli pɔhim shɛli ni humid tropical air la.
Kikaa barina nima
mali niŋLala kikaa saha ŋɔ nyɛla din yi di ko ka chɛ silimiingi ni boli saha shɛli ni winter saha la, dama di bɛhigu nyɛla di chanimi ka ʒiri maasim, ni pɔhim kuuni,[5] ni pɔhim din chani ni saɣiri, n ti pahi silimiingi ni boli shɛli ni wide fluctuations din jandi ambient temperatures din gbai wuntaŋni mini yuŋ. Temperature ni tooi kuli siɣi tiŋhali n ti pai 9 °C (48 °F) dabisili puuni zaa, amaa saha shɛŋa gba wuntaŋni temperature ni tooi kuli du zuɣusaa n ti pai 30 °C (86 °F), ka bi ni lee boli shɛli ni relative humidity la din lee guui siɣi tiŋa n ti pai kobigi puuni vaabu bu nu . Din tooi lan niŋ ka tulim kuli be yaɣishɛŋa kamani di ni be Sahara yaɣa la.[6]
Harmattan haze
mali niŋTingban shɛŋa ni In West Africa puuni , saɣiri mini tankpagbuligu ni zooi pɔhim ni sham nyɛla din tooi fari binvuhira neesim ka lan che ka wuntaŋ bi yirina dabisi gbaliŋ, [8] di yi zaŋdi maɣisiri bɛ ni boli shɛli ni heavy fog la. Lala niŋsim ŋɔ n nyɛ silimiingi ni boli shɛli ni Harmattan haze la. Di nyɛla din tiri ban lɛhiri mini ban duhiri batuuka yiɣirisi samli pam bɛ tuma shɛhi yuuni kam .[9][10] Di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ ni boli shɛli ni haze maa nyɛ din dii ka yaa zuɣusaa kuli niɛmi kasi.[11] Lala pɔhim ŋɔ kuubu nyɛla din tooi che ka tihi pam wula kuuri hali n ti kpira.[12]
Di Alaafee Kalinsi Yaɣili
mali niŋYuuni 2024 alaafee tuma yilinim vihigu vihiya ka yina ti yɛli ni tankpa shɛli mini saɣiri shɛŋa kikaa ni chani ka ʒiri nyɛla din kpaŋsiri bihi ban na bi paai yu maa anu tɔriti ka che ka bɛ pam kɔŋdi bɛ nyɛvuya.[13]
Silimiingi ni boli binshɛɣu Humidity nyɛla din ni tooi siɣi tinŋhali nti pai kɔbigi puuni vaabu pinaanu ka di lala siɣibu ŋɔ nyɛ din che ka salinim nyɛhi kabiri ka bɛ noya tahira.[14] Daadama alaafee yɛlimuɣisira shɛŋa din tooi lan muɣusiri sali nim kikaa saha shɛŋa n nyɛ ningbungbaŋ kuubu, nangbani kuuibu bee nangbanpiba tahibu, nina barina nima, nti pahi vuhim barinanim kamani nɔɣini dorɔ.[15]
Nyami yaha
mali niŋKundivihira
mali niŋ- ↑ Naden, Tony. 2014. Dagbani dictionary. Webonary.
- ↑ "Harmattan". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
- ↑ "Harmattan". Merriam-Webster. 2012.
- ↑ Geographical Review (1919): "Knox writes of this wind : The Harmattan is experienced as a wind which blows, especially in the months of December, January, and February, from the NE. and is a hot wind in some localities and a cold wind in others, according to circumstances."
- ↑ (2014) "Influence of cold–dry (harmattan) season on colonic temperature and the development of pulmonary hypertension in broiler chickens, and the modulating effect of ascorbic acid". Open Access Animal Physiology: 1. DOI:10.2147/OAAP.S51741.
- ↑ Sivakumar, Mannava V. K.; Ndiang'ui, Ndegwa, eds. (2007). Climate and Land Degradation. Environmental Science and Engineering. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-72438-4. ISBN 978-3540724377.
At the southern fringe of the Sahara Desert, a special dry and hot wind, locally termed Harmattan, occurs.
- ↑ A chirim ya: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedBHarmattan2 - ↑ Tuareg unrest. Temoust (7 September 2007).
- ↑ Eze, Chinedu (15 January 2013). "Nigerian Civil Aviation warns pilots, airlines of Harmattan haze". This Day. http://allafrica.com/stories/201301150511.html.
- ↑ Valdmanis, Richard (8 February 2012). Giant dust cloud chokes west Africa. Reuters.
- ↑ Akinrefon, Dapo (16 December 2014). As harmattan finally hits Lagos.
- ↑ (January 1836) "Arago on Comets". The North American Review 42 (90).
- ↑ (18 March 2024) "Dust and Death: Evidence from the West African Harmattan". The Economic Journal 134 (659): 885–912. DOI:10.1093/ej/uead088. PMID 38505244.
- ↑ A chirim ya: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedSaharan wind stirs cocoa market - ↑ Anuforo, Emeka; Chukwu, Lilian (20 January 2015). "Coping With Health Hazards of Harmattan Haze". Rivers State News. http://www.riversstatenews.com/coping-with-health-hazards-of-harmattan-haze/.