Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan ni nchi yenye historia ndefu. Ferghana, Tashkent, Bukhara, Khwarezm na Samarkand zilikuwa vitovu vya utamaduni wa binadamu tangu milenia ya 2 KK.

Katika karne kabla na baada ya Kristo eneo lilijulikana kama Sogdiana na Baktria. Miji yake ilikuwa na utajiri kutokana na biashara ya misafara kwenye barabara ya hariri kati ya China na Mashariki ya Kati.

Baadaye ilitawaliwa na milki mbalimbali za nje kama Uajemi.

Kuanzia uenezi wa Uislamu watu ba Uzbekistan waligeukia dini hiyo mpya.

Katika karne ya 14 jemadari Timur alijenga milki kubwa na kuharibu nchi za magharibi hadi Uturuki. Alipamba mji mkuu wake Samarkand kwa majengo mazuri.

Baada ya Timur milki yake iliporomoka na Uzbekistan ilitawaliwa na madola mbalimbali ya kieneo yaliyokuwa hasa eneo la mji muhimu.

Katika karne ya 19 Urusi ulieneza athira yake kuelekea kusini na kuunganisha madola ya Uzbekistan na milki yake.

Baada ya mapinduzi ya Urusi ya mwaka 1917 Uzbekistan ikawa sehemu ya Umoja wa Kisovyeti hadi kuporomoka kwake mwaka 1991. Ilijulikana kwa jina la "Jamhuri ya Kisovyeti ya Kijamii ya Kiuzbeki" hadi 1991.

Tarehe 31 Agosti 1991 ilijitangaza huru na kudai kufuata demokrasia na kuelekea soko huria, lakini hadi sasa haki za binadamu haziheshimiwi sana.

Kuna wakazi 32,768,725 (2019).

Walio wengi (zaidi ya 83%) hutumia lugha ya Kiuzbeki ambacho ni kati ya lugha za Kiturki na ndiyo lugha rasmi. Angalia pia orodha ya lugha za Uzbekistan.

Kuna makundi mengi vidogo zaidi vya utamaduni tofauti kama vile Watajiki (4.8%), Wakazakhi (2.5%), Warusi (2.3%), Wakarakalpaki (2.2%), Watartari (1.5%), Wakorea (1,1%) na mengine.

Upande wa dini, 88.6% ni Waislamu, lakini wengi wao hawana madhehebu maalumu; Wasuni ni 18% na Washia 1%. Wakristo ni 9.4%, wengi wakiwa Warusi Waorthodoksi; Waprotestanti na Wakatoliki hawafikii 3%.

• Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi

 

Wikimedia Commons ina media kuhusu:

Uzbekistan

  Uzbekistan travel guide kutoka Wikisafiri

• National Information Agency of Uzbekistan
• Tashkent directory Archived 4 Oktoba 2010 at the Wayback Machine.
• Lower House of Uzbekistan parliament
• Chief of State and Cabinet Members Archived 28 Septemba 2013 at the Wayback Machine.

Taarifa za jumla

• Uzbekistan entry at The World Factbook
• Uzbekistan Corruption Profile Archived 24 Machi 2014 at the Wayback Machine. from the Business Anti-Corruption Portal
• Uzbekistan from the U.S. Library of Congress includes Background Notes, Country Study and major reports
• Uzbek Publishing and National Bibliography Archived 10 Desemba 2010 at the Wayback Machine. from the University of Illinois Slavic and East European Library
• Uzbekistan Archived 7 Juni 2008 at the Wayback Machine. at UCB Libraries GovPubs
• Uzbekistan katika Open Directory Project
• Uzbekistan profile from the BBC News
• Wikimedia Atlas of Uzbekistan
• Key Development Forecasts for Uzbekistan from International Futures

Vyombo vya habari

• National Television and Radio Company of Uzbekistan
• [1]

• Environmental Justice Foundation, February 2010, Slave Nation – A report exposing the continued use of state-sponsored forced child labour in the cotton fields of Uzbekistan, Archived 15 Agosti 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
• Anora Mahmudova, AlterNet, 27 May 2005, Uzbekistan’s Growing Police State Archived 16 Julai 2012 at the Wayback Machine. (checked 2005-11-08)
• Manfred Nowak, Radio Free Europe, 2005-06-23, UN Charges Uzbekistan With Post-Andijon Torture,
• Gulnoza Saidazimova, Radio Free Europe, 2005-06-22, Uzbekistan: Tashkent reveals findings on Andijon uprising as victims mourned
• BBC News, 'Harassed' BBC shuts Uzbek office, 2005-10-26 (checked 2005-11-15)
• UNDP/CER/CCI's Public-Private Partnership in Uzbekistan: Problems, Opportunities and Ways of Introduction Archived 15 Mei 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
• UNDP & Chamber of Commerce and Industry "Export Guide for Uzbekistan" Archived 10 Aprili 2014 at the Wayback Machine.
• IMF, 2005-09-24 Republic of Uzbekistan and the IMF

Makala hii kuhusu maeneo ya Asia bado ni mbegu. Je unajua kitu kuhusu Uzbekistan kama historia yake, biashara, taasisi zilizopo, watu au utamaduni? Labda unaona habari katika wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari.