Uzalishaji
Uzalishaji (kutoka kitenzi kuzaa, kilichonyambulishwa kuwa kuzalisha) ni mchakato wa kutumia akili, ujuzi n.k. ili kufanya mali na vitu kwa jumla viongezeke kulingana na mahitaji ya binadamu, kuanzia chakula[1] The area of economics that focuses on production is referred to as production theory, which in many respects is similar to the consumption (or consumer) theory in economics.[2], badala ya kutarajia viwatoshe daima kama ilivyo katika maisha ya wawindaji-wakusanyaji wanaoendeleza utamaduni wa watu wa kale hadi miaka 10,000 hivi iliyopita.
Ndipo wengine walipoanza shughuli za ufugaji na kilimo zilizosababisha ustaarabu uliozidi kustawi na kuenea duniani kote pamoja na namna nyingi za uchumi.
Tanbihi
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- ↑ "Kotler", P., Armstrong, G., Brown, L., and Adam, S. (2006) Marketing, 7th Ed. Pearson Education Australia/Prentice Hall.
- ↑ Sickles, R., & Zelenyuk, V. (2019). Measurement of Productivity and Efficiency: Theory and Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781139565981
Marejeo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Courbois, R.; Temple, P. (1975). La methode des "Comptes de surplus" et ses applications macroeconomiques. 160 des Collect,INSEE,Serie C (35). uk. 100.
- Craig, C.; Harris, R. (1973). "Total Productivity Measurement at the Firm Level". Sloan Management Review (Spring 1973): 13–28.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Genesca, G.E.; Grifell, T. E. (1992). "Profits and Total Factor Productivity: A Comparative Analysis". Omega. The International Journal of Management Science. 20 (5/6): 553–568. doi:10.1016/0305-0483(92)90002-O.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Gollop, F.M. (1979). "Accounting for Intermediate Input: The Link Between Sectoral and Aggregate Measures of Productivity Growth". Measurement and Interpretation of Productivity. National Academy of Sciences.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Hulten, C. R. (Januari 2000). "Total Factor Productivity: A Short Biography". NBER Working Paper No. 7471. doi:10.3386/w7471.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - Hulten, C. R. (Septemba 2009). "Growth Accounting". NBER Working Paper No. 15341. doi:10.3386/w15341.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - Jorgenson, D.W.; Ho, M.S.; Samuels, J.D. (2014). "Long-term Estimates of U.S. Productivity and Growth". Tokyo: Third World KLEMS Conference. http://www.worldklems.net/conferences/worldklems2014/worldklems2014_Ho.pdf.
- Kurosawa, K (1975). "An aggregate index for the analysis of productivity". Omega. 3 (2): 157–168. doi:10.1016/0305-0483(75)90115-2.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Loggerenberg van, B.; Cucchiaro, S. (1982). "Productivity Measurement and the Bottom Line". National Productivity Review. 1 (1): 87–99. doi:10.1002/npr.4040010111.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Pineda, A. (1990). A Multiple Case Study Research to Determine and respond to Management Information Need Using Total-Factor Productivity Measurement (TFPM). Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
- Riistama, K.; Jyrkkiö E. (1971). Operatiivinen laskentatoimi (Operative accounting). Weilin + Göös. uk. 335.
- Saari, S. (2006a). Productivity. Theory and Measurement in Business. Productivity Handbook (In Finnish). MIDO OY. uk. 272.
- Saari, S. (2011). Production and Productivity as Sources of Well-being. MIDO OY. uk. 25.
- Saari, S. (2006). "Productivity. Theory and Measurement in Business" (PDF). Espoo, Finland: European Productivity Conference. http://www.mido.fi/Index_tiedostot/Productivity%202006.htm.
- Sickles, R., and Zelenyuk, V. (2019). Measurement of Productivity and Efficiency: Theory and Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://assets.cambridge.org/97811070/36161/frontmatter/9781107036161_frontmatter.pdf
Marejeo mengine
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Moroney, J. R. (1967) Cobb-Douglass production functions and returns to scale in US manufacturing industry, Western Economic Journal, vol 6, no 1, December 1967, pp 39–51.
- Pearl, D. and Enos, J. (1975) Engineering production functions and technological progress, The Journal of Industrial Economics, vol 24, September 1975, pp 55–72.
- Robinson, J. (1953) The production function and the theory of capital, Review of Economic Studies, vol XXI, 1953, pp. 81–106
- Anwar Shaikh, "Laws of Production and Laws of Algebra: The Humbug Production Function", in The Review of Economics and Statistics, Volume 56(1), February 1974, p. 115-120. http://homepage.newschool.edu/~AShaikh/humbug.pdf Archived 18 Mei 2005 at the Wayback Machine.
- Anwar Shaikh, "Laws of Production and Laws of Algebra—Humbug II", in Growth, Profits and Property ed. by Edward J. Nell. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1980. http://homepage.newschool.edu/~AShaikh/humbug2.pdf Archived 18 Mei 2005 at the Wayback Machine.
- Anwar Shaikh, "Nonlinear Dynamics and Pseudo-Production Functions", published?, 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20120603132106/http://homepage.newschool.edu/~AShaikh/Nonlinear%20Dynamics%20and%20Pseudo-Production%20Functions.pdf
- Shephard, R (1970) Theory of cost and production functions, Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ.
- Sickles, R., and Zelenyuk, V. (2019). Measurement of Productivity and Efficiency: Theory and Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781139565981 https://assets.cambridge.org/97811070/36161/frontmatter/9781107036161_frontmatter.pdf
- Thompson, A. (1981) Economics of the firm, Theory and practice, 3rd edition, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs. ISBN|0-13-231423-1
Viungo vya nje
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Elmer G. Wiens: Production Functions - Models of the Cobb-Douglas, C.E.S., Trans-Log, and Diewert Production Functions.
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