Témbongkeun sumber pikeun Kolombia

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:''Pikeun kagunaan jeung éjahan lian, tingali [[Colombia (disambiguasi)]] jeung [[Columbia (disambiguasi)]]''
{{Infobox country
| native_name              = República de Colombia
| conventional_long_name   = Républik Kolombia
| common_name              = Kolombia
| image_flag               = Flag of Colombia.svg
| image_coat               = Coat of arms of Colombia.svg‎
| image_map                = COL orthographic (San Andrés and Providencia special).svg
| national_motto           = ''"Libertad y Orden"''
| national_anthem          = ''[[Lagu Kabangsaan Kolombia|¡Oh, Gloria Inmarcesible!]]''
| capital                  = [[Bogotá]]
| latd                     = 4|latm=39|latNS=N|longd=74|longm=3|longEW=W
| largest_city             = [[Bogotá]]
| official_languages = [[Basa Spanyol]]{{Smallsup|1}} ([[Basa Inggris]] resmi di San Andrés jeung kapuloan Providence)
| regional_languages       = 72 basa jeung dialék grup étnis ogé resmi di wewengkonna.<ref name="constitution">[http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Constitutions/Colombia/col91.html Constitution of Colombia, 1991] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061024095709/http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Constitutions/Colombia/col91.html |date=2006-10-24 }} (Pasal 10) {{es icon}}</ref>
| ethnic_groups            = 58% [[Mestizo]] <br />20% [[Kolombia Kulit Bodas|Bodas]]<br />14% [[Mulatto]]<br />4% [[Afro-Kolombia]]<br />3% [[Zambo]]<br />1% [[Urang pribumi Kolombia|Amerindian]]<ref name="CIAWFB">{{cite web|author=CIA world fact book|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/co.html|title=Colombia|work=CIA|date=14 May 2009|accessdate=24 May 2009}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513074502/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/co.html |date=13 May 2009 }}</ref>
| demonym                  = Colombian
| government_type          = [[Républik]] [[nagara kahijian|kahijian]] [[sistim présidénsial|présidénsial]]
| leader_title1            = [[Présidén Kolombia|Présidén]]
| leader_name1             = [[Gustavo Petro]]
| leader_title2            = [[Wakil Présidén Kolombia|Wakil Présidén]]
| leader_name2             = [[Francia Márquez]]
| sovereignty_type         = [[Kamerdikaan]]
| sovereignty_note         = ti [[Spanyol]]
| established_event1       = [[Déklarasi Kamerdikaan Kolombia|Didéklarasikeun]]
| established_date1        = 20 Juli 1810
| established_event2       = Diakuan
| established_date2        = 7 Agustus 1819
| established_event3       = [[Konstitusi Kolombia|Konstitusi nu ayeuna]]
| established_date3        = 1991
| area_rank                = ka-26
| area_magnitude           = 1 E12
| area                 = 1.141.748
| areami²               = 440.831 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| percent_water            = 8,8 (ka-17)
| population_estimate      = 45.925.397<ref name="DANE clock">{{cite web |url=http://www.dane.gov.co/reloj/reloj_animado.php |title=Animated clock |publisher=Colombian State Department |accessdate=22 August 2010 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114091321/http://www.dane.gov.co/reloj/reloj_animado.php |date=14 January 2012 }}</ref>
| population_estimate_rank = ka-27
| population_estimate_year = Agustus 2012
| population_census        = 46'406.352<ref name="DANE clock" /><!-- tiasa divérifikasi teu ieu? teu ngarti urang 46 koma atas 406.532 ? -->
| population_census_year   = 2005
| population_density   = 40,74
| population_densitymi² = 15,72<!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| population_density_rank  = ka-172
| GDP_PPP                  = $435,367&nbsp;milyar<ref name=imf2>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=100&pr.y=7&sy=2008&ey=2011&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=233&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=|title=Colombia|publisher=International Monetary Fund|accessdate=21 April 2011}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514051916/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=100&pr.y=7&sy=2008&ey=2011&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=233&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a= |date=14 May 2011 }}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_rank             = ka-28
| GDP_PPP_year             = 2010
| GDP_PPP_per_capita       = $9.566<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank  = ka-83
| GDP_nominal              = $330,000&nbsp;milyar<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_rank         = ka-35
| GDP_nominal_year         = 2010
| GDP_nominal_per_capita   = $7.100<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 
| Gini           = 58,5<ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |accessdate=2 March 2011 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209003326/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI |date=9 February 2015 }}</ref>
| Gini_year      = 2006
| Gini_category  = luhur
| HDI            = 0,710 {{increase}}<ref>http://hdr.undp.org/es/datos/mapa/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103152602/http://hdr.undp.org/es/datos/mapa/ |date=2012-11-03 }}</ref>
| HDI_rank       = ka-87
| HDI_year       = 2010
| HDI_category   = luhur
| HPI            = 67,2
| HPI_rank       = ka-2
| HPI_year       = 2006
| HPI_category   = sedeng
| currency       = [[Peso Kolombia|Peso]]
| currency_code  = COP
| country_code   = CO
| time_zone      = 
| utc_offset     = -5{{Smallsup|2}}
| time_zone_DST  = 
| utc_offset_DST = 
| drives_on      = katuhu
| date_format    = kk-bb-tttt ([[Common Era|CE]])
| cctld          = [[.co]]
| calling_code   = [[+57|57]]
| footnote1      = Sanajan Konstitusi Kolombia nangtukeun Basa Spanyol salaku basa resmi di sadaya téritorina, basa-basa pribumi (kira-kira 88 dialék) resmi ogé di sanagara.
| footnote2      = Wanci Kolombia resmi, ([http://horalegal.sic.gov.co/ horalegal.sic.gov.co]) diatur jeung dikoordinasikeun ku lembaga nagara ''[[Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presidencia.gov.co/prensa_new/decretoslinea/1992/diciembre/30/dec2153301992.pdf|title=Decreto 2153 de 1992, articulo 20|publisher=Presidencia de la República de Colombia|language=Spanish|accessdate=13 October 2008|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110514195007/http://www.presidencia.gov.co/prensa_new/decretoslinea/1992/diciembre/30/dec2153301992.pdf|archivedate=14 May 2011}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110221195247/http://www.presidencia.gov.co/prensa_new/decretoslinea/1992/diciembre/30/dec2153301992.pdf |date=21 February 2011 }}</ref>
}}
'''Kolombia''', resmina '''Républik Kolombia''' ({{lang-es|link=no|República de Colombia}}), nyaéta hiji unitary [[républik konstitusional]] kahijian ngawengku 32 [[departemén (babagian nagara)|departemén]]. Nagara ieu aya di [[Amérika Kidul]] beulah kalér-kulon, wawatesan jeung [[Venezuela]]<ref name="lablaa">{{cite web|author=Gerhar Sandner, Beate Ratter, Wolf Dietrich Sahr and Karsten Horsx|url=http://www.lablaa.org/blaavirtual/geografia/ctemc/ctemc03.htm|title=Conflictos Territoriales en el Mar Caribe: El conflicto fronterizo en el Golfo de Venezuela|work=Biblioteca Luis Angel Arango|year=1993|accessdate=5 January 2008|language=Spanish}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301042348/http://www.lablaa.org/blaavirtual/geografia/ctemc/ctemc03.htm |date=1 March 2010 }}</ref> sareng [[Brasil]] di wétan;<ref name="IBS">{{cite web|author=The Geographer Office of the Geographer Bureau of Intelligence and Research|url=http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/LimitsinSeas/IBS174.pdf|title=Brazil-Colombia boundary|work=International Boundary Study|date=15 April 1985|accessdate=5 January 2008|format=PDF}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060916034142/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/LimitsinSeas/IBS174.pdf |date=16 September 2006 }}</ref> [[Ékuador]] sareng [[Peru]] di kidul;<ref name="CIA">{{cite web|author=CIA|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ec.html|title=Ecuador|work=World Fact Book|date=13 December 2007|accessdate=5 January 2008}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612194511/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ec.html |date=12 June 2007 }}</ref> [[Laut Karibia]] di kalér; [[Panama]] di kalér-kulon; sarta [[Samudra Pasifik]] di kulon. Kolombia miboga [[wates maritim]] jeung [[Venezuela]], [[Jamaika]], [[Haiti]], [[Républik Dominika]], [[Honduras]], [[Nikaragua]], sarta [[Kosta Rika]].<ref name="jsicat">{{es icon}} [http://www.armada.mil.co/index.php?idcategoria=17895 Tratados Internacionales limítrofes de Colombia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002451/http://www.armada.mil.co/index.php?idcategoria=17895 |date=2007-09-27 }}</ref><ref>{{es icon}} [http://pwp.supercabletv.net.co/garcru/colombia/Colombia/mapaAstronomica.html#seccion1 Colombia – Limites territoriales] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707053318/http://pwp.supercabletv.net.co/garcru/colombia/Colombia/mapaAstronomica.html#seccion1 |date=2011-07-07 }}</ref>

==Tempo ogé==
*[[CIVETS]]
*[[Daptar inohong Kolombia]]

== Rujukan ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bacaan salajengna ==
{{refbegin|colwidth=30em}}
* (English) Mellander, Gustavo A.; Nelly Maldonado Mellander (1999). Charles Edward Magoon: The Panama Yéars. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico: Editorial Plaza Mayor. ISBN 1-56328-155-4. OCLC 42970390.
* (English) Mellander, Gustavo A. (1971). The United States in Panamanian Politics: The Intriguing Formative Yéars. Danville, Ill.: Interstate Publishers. OCLC 138568.
* {{es icon}} Academia Colombiana de Historia (1986), ''Historia extensa de Colombia'' (41 volumes). Bogotá: Ediciones Lerner, 1965–1986. ISBN 958-95013-3-8 (Complete work)
* {{es icon}} Barrios, Luis (1984), ''Historia de Colombia''. Fifth edition, Bogotá: Editorial Cultural
* {{es icon}} Bedoya F., Víctor A. (1944), ''Historia de Colombia: independencia y república con bases fundamentales en la colonia''. Colección La Salle, Bogotá: Librería Stella
* Bushnell, David (1993), ''The Making of Modern Colombia: A Nation in Spite of Itself''. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08289-3
* {{es icon}} Caballero Argaez, Carlos (1987), ''50 años de economía: de la crisis del treinta à la del ochenta''. Second edition, Colección Jorge Ortega Torres, Bogotá: Editorial Presencia, Asociación Bancaria de Colombia. ISBN 958-9040-03-9
* {{es icon}} Cadavid Misas, Roberto (2004), ''Cursillo de historia de Colombia: de la conquista à la independencia''. Bogotá: Intermedio Editores. ISBN 958-709-134-5
* {{es icon}} Calderón Schrader, Camilo; Gil, Antonio; Torras, Daniel (2001), ''Enciclopedia de Colombia'' (4 volumes). Barcelona: Céano Grupo Editorial, 2001. ISBN 84-494-1947-6 (Complete work)
* {{es icon}} Calderón Schrader, Camilo (1993), ''Gran enciclopedia de Colombia'' (11 volumes). Bogotá: Círculo de Lectores. ISBN 958-28-0294-4 (Complete work)
* {{es icon}} Cavelier Gaviria, Germán (2003), ''Centenario de Panamá: una historia de la separación de Colombia en 1903''. Bogotá: Universidad Externado de Colombia. ISBN 958-616-718-6
* {{es icon}} Forero, Manuel José (1946), ''Historia analítica de Colombia desde los orígenes de la independencia nacional''. Second edition, Bogotá: Librería Voluntad.
* {{es icon}} Gómez Hoyos, Rafael (1992), ''La independencia de Colombia''. Madrid: Editorial Mapfre, Colecciones Mapfre 1492. ISBN 84-7100-596-4
* {{es icon}} Granados, Rafael María (1978), ''Historia general de Colombia: prehistoria, conquista, colonia, independencia y Repúbica''. Eighth edition, Bogotá: Imprenta Departamental Antonio Nariño.
* {{es icon}} Hernández de Alba, Guillermo (2004), ''Como nació la República de Colombia''. Colección Bolsilibros. Bogotá: Academia Colombiana de Historia. ISBN 958-8040-35-3
* {{es icon}} Hernández Becerra, Augusto (2001), ''Ordenamiento y desarreglo territorial en Colombia''. Bogotá: Universidad Externado de Colombia, ISBN 958-616-555-8
* {{es icon}} Hernández Rodríguez, Guillermo (1949), ''De los chibchas à la colonia y à la república''. Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Sección de Extensión Cultural.
* Hylton, Forrest (2006), ''Evil Hour in Colombia''. New York: Verso Books. ISBN 1-84467-551-3
* {{es icon}} Jaramillo Uribe, Jaime; Tirado Mejía, Álvaro; Calderón Schrader, Camilo (2000), ''Nueva historia de Colombia'' (12 volumes). Bogotá: Planeta Colombiana Editorial. ISBN 958-614-251-5 (Complete work)
* Kirk, Robin (2004), ''More Terrible Than Death: Drugs, Violence, and America's War in Colombia''. United States: PublicAffairs. ISBN 1-58648-207-6
* {{es icon}} Ocampo López, Javier (1999), ''El proceso ideológico de la emancipación en Colombia''. Colección La Línéa de Horizonte, Bogotá: Editorial Planeta. ISBN 958-614-792-4
* Ospina, William (2006), ''Once Upon a Time There Was Colombia''. Colombia: Villegas Asociados. ISBN 958-8156-64-5
* Palacios, Marco (2006), ''Between Legitimacy and Violence: A History of Colombia, 1875–2002''. United States of America: Duke University Press. ISBN 0-8223-3767-3
* {{es icon}} Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo (1998), ''Colombia indígena''. Medellín: Hola Colina. ISBN 958-638-276-1
* {{es icon}} Restrepo, José Manuel (1974), ''Historia de la revolución de la República de Colombia''. Medellín: Editorial Bedout.
* {{es icon}} Rivadeneira Vargas, Antonio José (2002), ''Historia constitucional de Colombia 1510–2000''. Third edition, Tunja: Editorial Bolivariana Internacional.
* Simons, Géoff (2004), ''Colombia: A Brutal History''. London: [[Saqi Books]]. ISBN 0-86356-758-4
* Smith, Stephen (1999), ''Cocaine Train: Travels in Colombia''. London: Little, Brown. ISBN 0-316-64749-7
* {{es icon}} Tovar Pinzón, Hermes (1975), ''El movimiento campesino en Colombia durante los siglos XIX y XX''. Second edition, Bogotá: Ediciones Libres.
* {{es icon}} Trujillo Muñoz Augusto (2001), ''Descentralización, regionalización y autonomía local''. Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
* {{es icon}} Vidal Perdomo Jaime (2001), ''La Región en la Organización Territorial del Estado''. Bogotá: Universidad del Rosario.
{{refend}}

== Tumbu kaluar ==
{{Sisterlinks}}
{{osmrelation|120027}}
* [http://www.gobiernoenlinea.gov.co/ Portal del Estado] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828033916/http://www.gobiernoenlinea.gov.co/ |date=2008-08-28 }} – Loka Pamaréntah Kolombia {{es icon}}
* [http://www.igac.gov.co/ Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417024030/http://geoportal.igac.gov.co/ssigl2.0/ |date=2017-04-17 }} {{es icon}}
* {{wikivoyage|Colombia}}
* [http://www.britannica.com/nations/Colombia Colombia] di ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''
* {{CIA World Factbook link|co|Colombia}}
* [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/colombia.htm Colombia] di ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''
* {{dmoz|Regional/South_America/Colombia|Kolombia}}

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[[Kategori:Kolombia| ]]
[[Kategori:Komunitas Nagara Andés]]
[[Kategori:Nagara Karibia]]
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{{nagara-geo-stub|Kolombia}}
Citakan nu dipaké dina ieu kaca:
Balik deui ka Kolombia.
Dicomot ti "https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolombia"