Melia azedarach

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Melia azedarach (with Ocyceros birostris feeding on its fruit), Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
Melia azedarach

Taxonavigation

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Taxonavigation: Sapindales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids II
Ordo: Sapindales

Familia: Meliaceae
Subfamilia: Melioideae
Tribus: Melieae
Genus: Melia
Species: Melia azedarach

Name

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  • Melia azedarach L., 1753

Synonyms

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  • Homotypic
    • Azedara speciosa Raf. in Fl. Ludov.: 135 (1817), nom. superfl.
    • Azedarach deleteria Medik. in Malvenfam.: 115 (1787)
    • Azedarach sempervirens var. glabrior (C.DC.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891), not validly publ.
    • Azedarach vulgari M.Gómez in Rep. Méd.-Farm. Havana 5: 296 (1894), nom. superfl.
    • Melia azedarach var. glabrior C.DC. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 1: 452 (1878), not validly publ.
  • Heterotypic
    • Azedarach commelinii Medik. in Bot. Beob. 1782: 164 (1783)
    • Azedarach fraxinifolia Moench in Suppl. Meth.: 58 (1802)
    • Azedarach odoratum Noronha in Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 5 (1790), nom. nud.
    • Azedarach sempervirens (L.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
    • Azedarach sempervirens var. australasica (A.Juss.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
    • Azedarach sempervirens f. incisodentata Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
    • Azedarach sempervirens f. longifoliola Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
    • Azedarach sempervirens f. subdentata Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 109 (1891)
    • Melia aethiopica Welw. in Apont.: 584 (1859)
    • Melia angustifolia Schumach. & Thonn. in Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 214 (1827)
    • Melia argentea Buch.-Ham. ex Wall. in Numer. List: n.° 1254 C (1829), not validly publ.
    • Melia arguta DC. in Prodr. 1: 622 (1824)
    • Melia australasica A.Juss. in Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 23: 239 (1830)
    • Melia australis Sweet in Hort. Brit., ed. 2: 85 (1830), nom. nud.
    • Melia azedarach var. acuminatissima Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 5 (1868)
    • Melia azedarach f. albiflora Makino in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 34 (1914)
    • Melia azedarach f. albiflora Makino in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 34 (1914)
    • Melia azedarach subvar. albiflora (Makino) Makino in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 34 (1914)
    • Melia azedarach var. australasica (A.Juss.) C.DC. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 1: 452 (1878)
    • Melia azedarach var. biglandulosa (Pierre) Pellegr. in H.Lecomte (ed.), Fl. Indo-Chine 1: 727 (1911)
    • Melia azedarach var. cochinchinensis (Pierre) Pellegr. in H.Lecomte (ed.), Fl. Indo-Chine 1: 727 (1911)
    • Melia azedarach var. floribunda (Carrière) É.Morren in Belgique Hort. 30: 176 (1880)
    • Melia azedarach var. glandulosa Pierre in Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 5: t. 356B (1897)
    • Melia azedarach var. incisa Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 5 (1868)
    • Melia azedarach subvar. intermedia Makino in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 34 (1914)
    • Melia azedarach var. intermedia (Makino) Makino in J. Jap. Bot. 5: 20 (1928)
    • Melia azedarach var. japonica (G.Don) Makino in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 34 (1914)
    • Melia azedarach var. javanica Koord. & Valeton in Bijdr. Boomsoort. Java 3: 12 (1896)
    • Melia azedarach var. sambucina (Blume) Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 5 (1868)
    • Melia azedarach subvar. semperflorens (Makino) Makino in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 34 (1914)
    • Melia azedarach var. sempervirens L. in Sp. Pl.: 384 (1753)
    • Melia azedarach var. squamulosa C.DC. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 1: 452 (1878)
    • Melia azedarach var. subtripinnata Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 24 (1867)
    • Melia azedarach subvar. toosendan (Siebold & Zucc.) Makino in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 28: 34 (1914)
    • Melia azedarach var. toosendan (Siebold & Zucc.) Makino in J. Jap. Bot. 5(5): 20 (1928)
    • Melia azedarach f. umbraculifera (G.W.Knox) Rehder in Bibliogr. Cult. Trees: 387 (1949)
    • Melia azedarach var. umbraculifera G.W.Knox in Gard. Monthly & Hort. 27: 260 (1885)
    • Melia azedarach var. umbraculiformis Berck. & L.H.Bailey in Cycl. Amer. Hort. 2: 1001 (1900)
    • Melia bogoriensis Koord. & Valeton in Meded. Lands Plantentuin 16: 18 (1896)
    • Melia bombolo Welw. in Apont.: 561 (1859)
    • Melia bukayun Royle in Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts.: 144 (1835), nom. nud.
    • Melia candollei A.Juss. in Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 23: 239 (1830)
    • Melia chinensis Siebold ex Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 23 (1867)
    • Melia cochinchinensis M.Roem. in Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 95 (1846)
    • Melia commelini Medik. ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 118 (1841), nom. nud.
    • Melia composita var. biglandulosa Pierre in Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 5: t. 356B (1897)
    • Melia composita var. cochinchinensis Pierre in Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 5: t. 356A (1897)
    • Melia flaccida Zipp. ex Span. in Linnaea 15: 182 (1841), not validly publ.
    • Melia floribunda Carrière in Rev. Hort. (Paris) 44: 470 (1872)
    • Melia florida Salisb. in Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 317 (1796), nom. superfl. Art.52 (ICBN 2006)
    • Melia guineensis G.Don in J.C.Loudon, Hort. Brit.: 168 (1830)
    • Melia japonica G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 680 (1831)
    • Melia japonica var. albicans C.DC. in A.L.P.P.de Candolle & A.C.P.de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 1: 457 (1878)
    • Melia japonica var. semperflorens Makino in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 18: 67 (1904)
    • Melia javanica M.Roem. in Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 96 (1846)
    • Melia orientalis M.Roem. in Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 95 (1846)
    • Melia robusta Roxb. ex G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 680 (1831)
    • Melia sambucina Blume in Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 162 (1825)
    • Melia sempervirens (L.) Sw. in Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ.: 67 (1788)
    • Melia superba Roxb. in Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 2: 396 (1832)
    • Melia toosendan Siebold & Zucc. in Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(2): 159 (1845)

Distribution

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Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Asia-tropical
    • Regional: Indian subcontinent
      • Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya
    • Regional: Indo-China
      • Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam
    • Regional: China
      • China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Hainan, Taiwan
    • Regional: Southeastern Asia
      • Jawa, Lesser Sunda Is., Philippines Solomon Is., Sumatera, Thailand
  • Continental: Australasia
    • Regional: Papuasia
      • New Guinea
    • Regional: Australia
      • New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland,, Western Australia
    • Introduced into:
      • Afghanistan, Alabama, Algeria, Angola, Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Arizona, Arkansas, Ascension, Bahamas, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Burkina, California, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Cape Verde, Caroline Is., Cayman Is., Central African Repu, Chad, Christmas I., Comoros, Cook Is., Cuba, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., Easter Is., El Salvador, Fiji, Florida, France, Free State, Galápagos, Gambia, Georgia, Guatemala, Guinea, Gulf of Guinea Is., Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Japan, Kazan-retto, Kenya, Korea, Kriti, KwaZulu-Natal, Lebanon-Syria, Leeward Is., Lesotho, Libya, Louisiana, Madeira, Malawi, Mali, Marianas, Marquesas, Marshall Is., Maryland, Mauritius, Mexico Central, Mexico Southwest, Mississippi, Missouri, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nansei-shoto, Nauru, New Caledonia, New Mexico, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, Northern Provinces, Ogasawara-shoto, Oklahoma, Palestine, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Rodrigues, Rwanda, Réunion, Seychelles, Sicilia, Society Is., South Australia, South Carolina, Southwest Caribbean, Spain, St.Helena, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tennessee, Texas, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Turks-Caicos Is., Uganda, Uruguay, Utah, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Venezuelan Antilles, Victoria, Virginia, Windward Is., Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

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Primary references

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Vernacular names

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العربية: زنزلخت
català: Mèlia
čeština: Zederach hladký
dansk: Paternostertræ
Deutsch: Zedrachbaum
English: Chinaberry
Esperanto: Bida melio
español: Paraíso sombrilla
فارسی: آزاددرخت
suomi: Meelia
français: Mélia azedarach
עברית: אזדרכת מצויה
hornjoserbsce: Indiski melijowc
Kreyòl ayisyen: Lilas peyi
հայերեն: Ազատդրախտ
Bahasa Indonesia: Mindi kecil
italiano: Albero dei rosari
日本語: センダン
한국어: 멀구슬나무
മലയാളം: ശീമവേപ്പ്
नेपाली: बकाइनो
Nederlands: Indische sering
Chi-Chewa: Ndya
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ: ਡੇਕ
پنجابی: دریک
português: Amargoseira
русский: Мелия азедарах
संस्कृतम्: महानिम्बिसस्यम्
svenska: Zedrak
lea faka-Tonga: Sita
Türkçe: Tespih ağacı
اردو: بکائن
Tiếng Việt: Xoan
閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú: Khó͘-lēng
中文: 苦楝
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