Parnassiinae
| Parnassiinae | |
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| Small Apollo Parnassius phoebus | |
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| Phylum: | |
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| Subfamily: | Parnassiinae Duponchel, [1835]
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Parnassiinae is a subfamily of butterflies. It belongs in the family Papilionidae. They are commonly known as Apollos and Parnassians. The butterflies in this subfamily are only found in the Holarctic Region (the Holarctic Region is the northern part of North America and Eurasia).[1]
The caterpillars and adults are poisonous to vertebrates. The caterpillars are thought to be Müllerian mimics with millipedes. The adult butterflies are thought to be Müllerian mimics with adult Whites.[2]
After mating, the male glues a structure to the end of the female's abdomen. This keeps the female from mating again. This structure is called a sphragis.[2]
Tribes and genera
[change | change source]- Parnassiini Duponchel, 1835
- Hypermnestra Ménétriés, 1846
- Parnassius Latreille, 1804
- Luehdorfiini Chapman, 1895
- Archon Hübner, 1819
- Luehdorfia Crüger, 1878
- Zerythiini
- Sericinus Westwood, 1851
- Bhutanitis Atkinson, 1873
- Zerynthia Ochsenheimer, 1816
- Allancastria Bryk, 1934
Extinct species
[change | change source]The two species listed here are extinct. They are also of uncertain placement.
- Doritites bosniackii Rebel, 1898†
- Thaites ruminiana Scudder, 1875†
References
[change | change source]- ↑ Bernard D'Abrera (1990). Butterflies of the Holarctic Region Part 1: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Danaidae, and Satyridae (Partim). Hill House, Victoria, Australia. ISBN 0-646-01202-9
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 James A. Scott (1986). The Butterflies of North America. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. ISBN 0-8047-2013-4
Other websites
[change | change source]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Parnassiinae.
Wikispecies has information on: Parnassiinae.
- Parnassiinae at Tree of Life Archived 2016-06-23 at the Wayback Machine
