1291
calendar year
1291 (MCCXCI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1291st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 291st year of the 2nd millennium, the 91st year of the 13th century, and the 2nd year of the 1290s decade. As of the start of 1291, the Gregorian calendar was 7 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 12th century – 13th century – 14th century |
| Decades: | 1260s 1270s 1280s – 1290s – 1300s 1310s 1320s |
| Years: | 1288 1289 1290 – 1291 – 1292 1293 1294 |
| Gregorian calendar | 1291 MCCXCI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2044 |
| Armenian calendar | 740 ԹՎ ՉԽ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6041 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1212–1213 |
| Bengali calendar | 698 |
| Berber calendar | 2241 |
| English Regnal year | 19 Edw. 1 – 20 Edw. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1835 |
| Burmese calendar | 653 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6799–6800 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚寅年 (Metal Tiger) 3987 or 3927 — to — 辛卯年 (Metal Rabbit) 3988 or 3928 |
| Coptic calendar | 1007–1008 |
| Discordian calendar | 2457 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1283–1284 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5051–5052 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1347–1348 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1212–1213 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4391–4392 |
| Holocene calendar | 11291 |
| Igbo calendar | 291–292 |
| Iranian calendar | 669–670 |
| Islamic calendar | 689–691 |
| Japanese calendar | Shōō 4 (正応４年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1201–1202 |
| Julian calendar | 1291 MCCXCI |
| Korean calendar | 3624 |
| Minguo calendar | 621 before ROC 民前621年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −177 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1833–1834 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳金虎年 (male Iron-Tiger) 1417 or 1036 or 264 — to — 阴金兔年 (female Iron-Rabbit) 1418 or 1037 or 265 |
Events
change- The Crusades end.
- Switzerland was founded.
Births
change- February 8 – King Afonso IV of Portugal (d. 1357)
- October 31 – Philippe de Vitry, French composer (d. 1361)
- Pope Clement VI (d. 1352)
- Theodore I of Montferrat (d. 1338)
- Aimone of Savoy (d. 1343)
Deaths
change- March 10 – Arghun, Mongol ruler
- June 18 – King Alfonso III of Aragon (b. 1265)
- June 26 – Eleanor of Provence, queen of Henry III of England
- July 15 – Rudolph I of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1218)
- Hong Dagu, Korean military leader (b. 1244)
- Talabuga, khan of the Blue Horde