Haifa

Haifa חֵיפָה‬‎ حيفا‎
Emblem of Haifa
Haifa
Coordinates: 32°49′0″N 34°59′0″E / 32.81667°N 34.98333°E / 32.81667; 34.98333Coordinates: 32°49′0″N 34°59′0″E / 32.81667°N 34.98333°E / 32.81667; 34.98333
Destrict	Haifa
Govrenment
• Teep	Ceety
• Mayor	Einat Kalisch-Rotem (Labor Pairty)
Area
• City	63.666 km2 (24.582 sq mi)
Population  (2015)[1]
• City	278,903
• Density	4,400/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
• Urban	600,000
• Metro	1,048,900
Website	haifa.muni.il (in Inglis)

Haifa (Hebrew: חֵיפָה‬); is the lairgest ceety in northren Israel, an the third-lairgest ceety in the kintra (after Jerusalem an Tel Aviv), wi a population o 278,903 in 2015. Anither 300,000 fowk bide in touns directly adjacent tae the ceety includin the ceeties o the Krayot, as weel as, Tirat Carmel, Daliyat al-Karmel an Nesher. Thegither thir auries form a contiguous urban aurie hame tae near 600,000 residents that maks up the inner core o the Haifa metropolitan aurie.^[2][3] Haifa haes a mixed population o Jews an Arabs, awtho Jews mak up tae 90% majority. The Arab population is predominantly Christian, whauras 28% o the Jewish population (correct for 2009) is made o immigrants frae the umwhile Soviet Union.^[4] It is an important port ceety and industrial ceety. It is hame tae the Bahá'í Warld Centre, a UNESCO Warld Heritage Steid, an aw.^[5][6]

Built on the sclents o Munt Carmel, Haifa haes a history datin back tae Biblical times. The earliest kent dounset in the vicinity wis Tell Abu Hawam, a sma port ceety established in the Late Bronze Age (14t century BC).^[7] In the 3rd century AD, Haifa wis kent as a dye-makin center. Ower the centuries, the ceety haes chynged haunds: It haes been conquered an ruled bi the Phoenicians, Ebreus, Persians, Hasmoneans, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Crusaders, Ottomans, Egyptians, Breetish, an the Israelis. Synee the establishment o the State o Israel in 1948, the ceety haes been govrened bi the Haifa Municipality.

The day, the ceety is a major seaport locatit on Israel's Mediterranean coastline in the Bay o Haifa coverin 63.7 square kilometres (24.6 sq mi). It is locatit aboot 90 kilometres (56 mi) north o Tel Aviv an is the major regional centre o northren Israel. Twa respectit academic institutions, the University o Haifa an the Technion, are locatit in Haifa, an the ceety plays an important role in Israel's economy. It haes several heh-tech pairks, amang them the auldest an lairgest in the kintra,^[8] an industrial port, an a petroleum refinery. Haifa wis umwhile the wastren terminus o an ile pipeline frae Iraq via Jordan.^[9]

The oreegin o the name "Haifa" is unclear. Accordin tae historian Alex Carmel, it mey come frae the Ebreu verb ruit חפה (hafa), meanin tae kiver or shield, i.e. Munt Carmel covers Haifa.^[10] Anither possible oreegin is the Ebreu wird חוֹף (hof), an aa meanin beach, or חוֹף יָפֶה (hof yafe), meanin bonnie beach.^[11] Some Christians believe that the toun wis named efter the heich priest Caiaphas, or Saunt Peter (Keiphah in Aramaic).^[10]

Haifa is twinned wi the follaein ceeties:^[12]

1. ↑ "List of localities, in Alphabetical order" (PDF). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
2. ↑ "Table 3 - Population of Localities Numbering Above 2,000 Residents and Other Rural Population" (PDF). Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 30 Juin 2010. Retrieved 30 October 2010.
3. ↑ "Haifa". Jewish Agency. Archived frae the original on 26 September 2007. Retrieved 5 Mey 2007. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
4. ↑ Haifa Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine, The Jewish Agency for Israel. Retrieved June 20, 2009.
5. ↑ UNESCO World Heritage Centre (8 Julie 2008). "Three new sites inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List". Retrieved 8 Julie 2008.
6. ↑ "History of Haifa". Retrieved 11 Apryle 2008.
7. ↑ Encyclopedia Judaica, Haifa, Keter Publishing, Jerusalem, 1972, vol. 7, pp. 1134-1139
8. ↑ "GavYam". Gav-Yam.co.il. Archived frae the original on 15 Apryle 2008. Retrieved 18 Februar 2008.
9. ↑ Cohen, Amiram. "U.S. Checking Possibility of Pumping Oil from Northern Iraq to Haifa, via Jordan". Haaretz. Retrieved 6 December 2008.
10. ↑ ^{a b} Carmel, Alex (2002). The History of Haifa Under Turkish Rule (4th ed.). Haifa: Pardes. p. 14. ISBN 965-7171-05-9. (owerset fae the Hebrew)
11. ↑ Winter, Dave (1999). Israel Handbook: With the Palestinian Authority Areas. Footprint Travel Guides. p. 560. ISBN 9781900949484. Retrieved 26 Julie 2009.
12. ↑ "Twin City acitivities". Haifa Municipality. Archived frae the original on 9 October 2007. Retrieved 14 Februar 2008.
13. ↑ Portsmouth City Council. Twinning Archived 2009-01-07 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 22 August 2007.
14. ↑ "Sister Cities of Manila". © 2008-2009 City Government of Manila. Archived frae the original on 6 August 2009. Retrieved 2 Julie 2009. freemit airtin in |publisher= (help)
15. ↑ Haifa agreement with partner Archived 2017-10-19 at the Wayback Machine
16. ↑ "Twin Towns". www.amazingdusseldorf.com. Archived frae the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 29 October 2009.
17. ↑ "Boston" (in Hebrew). Haifa Municipality. Archived frae the original on 16 October 2015. Retrieved 5 Apryle 2009.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)

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